stm32f103 标准库iic读写一个字节

以下是使用STM32F103标准库进行I2C读写一个字节的示例代码：

#include "stm32f10x.h"

#define I2C_SCL_PIN GPIO_Pin_6
#define I2C_SDA_PIN GPIO_Pin_7
#define I2C_PORT GPIOB

#define I2C_SLAVE_ADDRESS 0xA0

void I2C_Configuration(void)
{
    GPIO_InitTypeDef GPIO_InitStructure;
    I2C_InitTypeDef I2C_InitStructure;

    // Enable GPIOB clock
    RCC_APB2PeriphClockCmd(RCC_APB2Periph_GPIOB, ENABLE);

    // Configure I2C pins: SCL and SDA
    GPIO_InitStructure.GPIO_Pin = I2C_SCL_PIN | I2C_SDA_PIN;
    GPIO_InitStructure.GPIO_Speed = GPIO_Speed_50MHz;
    GPIO_InitStructure.GPIO_Mode = GPIO_Mode_AF_OD;
    GPIO_Init(I2C_PORT, &GPIO_InitStructure);

    // Enable I2C clock
    RCC_APB1PeriphClockCmd(RCC_APB1Periph_I2C1, ENABLE);

    // Configure I2C
    I2C_InitStructure.I2C_Mode = I2C_Mode_I2C;
    I2C_InitStructure.I2C_DutyCycle = I2C_DutyCycle_2;
    I2C_InitStructure.I2C_OwnAddress1 = 0x00;
    I2C_InitStructure.I2C_Ack = I2C_Ack_Enable;
    I2C_InitStructure.I2C_AcknowledgedAddress = I2C_AcknowledgedAddress_7bit;
    I2C_InitStructure.I2C_ClockSpeed = 400000;
    I2C_Init(I2C1, &I2C_InitStructure);

    // Enable I2C
    I2C_Cmd(I2C1, ENABLE);
}

void I2C_WriteByte(uint8_t data)
{
    while (I2C_GetFlagStatus(I2C1, I2C_FLAG_BUSY));

    // Generate START condition
    I2C_GenerateSTART(I2C1, ENABLE);
    while (!I2C_CheckEvent(I2C1, I2C_EVENT_MASTER_MODE_SELECT));

    // Send slave address and set write bit
    I2C_Send7bitAddress(I2C1, I2C_SLAVE_ADDRESS, I2C_Direction_Transmitter);
    while (!I2C_CheckEvent(I2C1, I2C_EVENT_MASTER_TRANSMITTER_MODE_SELECTED));

    // Send data byte
    I2C_SendData(I2C1, data);
    while (!I2C_CheckEvent(I2C1, I2C_EVENT_MASTER_BYTE_TRANSMITTED));

    // Generate STOP condition
    I2C_GenerateSTOP(I2C1, ENABLE);
}

uint8_t I2C_ReadByte(void)
{
    uint8_t data;

    while (I2C_GetFlagStatus(I2C1, I2C_FLAG_BUSY));

    // Generate START condition
    I2C_GenerateSTART(I2C1, ENABLE);
    while (!I2C_CheckEvent(I2C1, I2C_EVENT_MASTER_MODE_SELECT));

    // Send slave address and set read bit
    I2C_Send7bitAddress(I2C1, I2C_SLAVE_ADDRESS, I2C_Direction_Receiver);
    while (!I2C_CheckEvent(I2C1, I2C_EVENT_MASTER_RECEIVER_MODE_SELECTED));

    // Disable ACK
    I2C_AcknowledgeConfig(I2C1, DISABLE);

    // Generate STOP condition
    I2C_GenerateSTOP(I2C1, ENABLE);

    // Wait for data byte to be received
    while (!I2C_CheckEvent(I2C1, I2C_EVENT_MASTER_BYTE_RECEIVED));

    // Read data byte
    data = I2C_ReceiveData(I2C1);

    // Enable ACK
    I2C_AcknowledgeConfig(I2C1, ENABLE);

    return data;
}

int main(void)
{
    uint8_t data;

    I2C_Configuration();

    // Write data byte
    I2C_WriteByte(0x55);

    // Read data byte
    data = I2C_ReadByte();

    while (1);
}

该示例代码假设硬件电路连接了STM32F103的I2C1和一个I2C从设备，从设备地址为0xA0。

首先，需要在STM32F103上配置I2C控制器和GPIO端口，具体函数为`I2C_Configuration()`。

然后，可以调用`I2C_WriteByte()`函数写入一个字节，或者调用`I2C_ReadByte()`函数读取一个字节。其中，写入操作包括生成启动条件、发送从设备地址和数据、生成停止条件；读取操作包括生成启动条件、发送从设备地址和读取请求、接收数据、生成停止条件。请注意，读取操作需要在接收数据前先禁止ACK，收到数据后再启用ACK。

在主函数中，示例代码写入0x55，然后读取一个字节并存储在变量`data`中。最后进入死循环。