Input consists of several lines each with N such that 1 ≤ N ≤ 1, 000, 000, 000. Input will be terminated by end of file.这句用C++while循环怎么写
时间: 2024-09-16 12:01:03 浏览: 48
这句话描述的是输入的数据格式:每行包含一个大整数N(1到1,000,000,000),直到文件结束。在C++中,你可以使用`std::cin`读取并处理这种格式的数据,同时配合`while`循环来逐行获取输入。这里是一个简单的示例:
```cpp
#include <iostream>
int main() {
int N;
std::string line;
// 使用 while 循环读取每一行数据,直到文件结束
while (getline(std::cin, line)) { // getline 函数读取一行文本
if (!line.empty()) { // 检查是否为空行
// 将字符串转换为整数,假设N总是在每行的第一个位置
istringstream iss(line);
iss >> N;
// 在这里可以对N做进一步操作...
// 如果需要处理N,添加相应的代码
}
}
return 0;
}
```
在这个例子中,`getline`用于读取一行文本,然后`istringstream`将读取到的字符串转换成整数`N`。如果输入是空行(即`!line.empty()`为假),那么这一轮循环就会跳过。
相关问题
请用C语言实现Once upon a time in the mystical land of Draconis, there existed two powerful arrays: M and N . These arrays were filled with positive integers, each carrying its own magical essence. The inhabitants of the land were intrigued by the concept of similarity between arrays. They discovered that two arrays, M and N , could be considered similar if it was possible to transform a subarray of N into M by adding or subtracting a constant value to each element. You are now summoned to solve a puzzle. Given two arrays, M and N , your task is to determine the number of subarrays of N that are similar to M . Will you be able to unravel this mystical connection? Input The input consists of multiple lines. The first line contains two integers M and N (1≤M≤N≤106) , representing the lengths of arrays M and N respectively. The second line contains M space-separated positive integers m1,m2,…,mM (1≤mi≤109) , representing the magical elements of array M . The third line contains N space-separated positive integers n1,n2,…,nN (1≤ni≤109) , representing the mystical elements of array N . Output Output a single integer, the number of subarrays of N that are similar to M .
为了解决这个问题,我们可以先对两个数组进行排序,然后用双指针法来找到所有相似的子数组。具体实现如下:
```c
#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#define MAX_N 1000000
int M[MAX_N], N[MAX_N];
int m, n;
int compare(const void *a, const void *b) {
return *(int*)a - *(int*)b;
}
int count_similar() {
int i = 0, j = 0;
int count = 0;
while (i < m && j < n) {
if (M[i] == N[j]) { // 找到相同的元素
int k = j;
while (k < n && N[k] == N[j]) {
k++;
}
count += k - j; // 加上与N[j]相同的元素的个数
i++;
j = k;
} else if (M[i] < N[j]) { // M[i]较小,需要增加N中的元素
i++;
} else { // M[i]较大,需要减少N中的元素
j++;
}
}
return count;
}
int main() {
scanf("%d%d", &m, &n);
for (int i = 0; i < m; i++) {
scanf("%d", &M[i]);
}
for (int i = 0; i < n; i++) {
scanf("%d", &N[i]);
}
qsort(M, m, sizeof(int), compare);
qsort(N, n, sizeof(int), compare);
printf("%d\n", count_similar());
return 0;
}
```
首先读入两个数组的长度和元素,然后对它们进行排序。然后用双指针法找到所有相似的子数组,具体方法如下:
1. 初始化两个指针i和j,分别指向M和N的开头;
2. 如果M[i]等于N[j],说明找到了一个相似的子数组,接着向右移动j,直到N[j]不等于N[j+1];
3. 如果M[i]小于N[j],说明N[j]需要增加,所以向右移动i;
4. 如果M[i]大于N[j],说明N[j]需要减少,所以向右移动j;
5. 重复2~4步,直到i到达M的末尾或j到达N的末尾。
遍历过程中,我们用一个计数器count来累计相似的子数组的个数,每当找到一个相似的子数组时,我们就把与N[j]相同的元素的个数加到count中。最后返回count即可。
时间复杂度为O(MlogM + NlogN),空间复杂度为O(M + N)。
Doremy has n buckets of paint which is represented by an array a of length n. Bucket i contains paint with color ai. Let c(l,r) be the number of distinct elements in the subarray [al,al+1,…,ar]. Choose 2 integers l and r such that l≤r and r−l−c(l,r) is maximized. Input The input consists of multiple test cases. The first line contains a single integer t (1≤t≤104) — the number of test cases. The description of the test cases follows. The first line of each test case contains a single integer n (1≤n≤105) — the length of the array a. The second line of each test case contains n integers a1,a2,…,an (1≤ai≤n). It is guaranteed that the sum of n does not exceed 105.
这道题目的意思是说,有一个长度为 n 的数组 a,数组的第 i 个位置上的数表示第 i 个桶中油漆的颜色。对于给定的 l 和 r,c(l,r) 表示区间 [l,r] 中不同颜色的数量。你需要选择两个整数 l 和 r,使得 l≤r 且 r−l−c(l,r) 最大。输入包含多组测试数据。第一行包含一个整数 t,表示测试数据组数。接下来每组测试数据包含两行,第一行包含一个整数 n,表示数组 a 的长度;第二行包含 n 个整数 a1,a2,…,an,表示数组 a。保证 n 的总和不超过 105。
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