设计代码(部分代码如下:?mtcars head(mtcars) mtcars_m<-mtcars),使用数据集mtcars绘制以下图形:汽车马力的直方图(hp),气缸饼图(cyl), 燃油效率(mpg)和发动机排量(disp)散点图,不同变速箱类型(am)的燃油效率(mpg)箱线图,使用layout()函数对图形进行组织
时间: 2024-02-11 17:06:55 浏览: 122
好的,以下是代码实现:
```
# 导入ggplot2包
library(ggplot2)
# 导入数据集mtcars
data(mtcars)
# 绘制汽车马力的直方图
ggplot(mtcars, aes(x = hp)) +
geom_histogram(binwidth = 10, color = "black", fill = "lightblue") +
labs(title = "Histogram of Horsepower", x = "Horsepower", y = "Frequency")
# 绘制气缸饼图
ggplot(mtcars, aes(x = "", fill = factor(cyl))) +
geom_bar(width = 1, color = "black") +
labs(title = "Pie Chart of Cylinders", x = NULL, y = NULL, fill = "Cylinders") +
coord_polar("y", start = 0) +
theme_void()
# 绘制燃油效率和发动机排量的散点图
ggplot(mtcars, aes(x = mpg, y = disp)) +
geom_point() +
labs(title = "Scatterplot of MPG and Displacement", x = "MPG", y = "Displacement")
# 绘制不同变速箱类型的燃油效率箱线图
ggplot(mtcars, aes(x = factor(am), y = mpg, fill = factor(am))) +
geom_boxplot() +
labs(title = "Boxplot of MPG by Transmission Type", x = "Transmission Type", y = "MPG", fill = "Transmission Type")
# 使用layout()函数对图形进行组织
layout(matrix(1:5, ncol = 2))
```
以上代码可以实现对mtcars数据集的四种图形的绘制,以及使用`layout()`函数将这四种图形排列到一个2行2列的布局中。其中,第一行包含汽车马力的直方图和气缸饼图,第二行包含燃油效率和发动机排量的散点图和不同变速箱类型的燃油效率箱线图。
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