data_mean=torch.mean(data,dim=0) ,dim=0是什么意思
时间: 2024-05-31 21:13:38 浏览: 18
在PyTorch中,`dim`参数用于指定沿着哪个维度进行操作。在这个例子中,`data`是一个张量,`dim=0`表示沿着第一个维度进行操作,也就是对每列数据进行平均值计算,返回一个一维张量,其中每个元素都是对应列的平均值。如果`data`是一个二维张量,那么`dim=1`则表示对每行数据进行平均值计算。如果`data`是一个三维张量,则`dim=0`表示对第一个维度(batch size)进行操作,`dim=1`表示对第二个维度(通道数)进行操作,`dim=2`表示对第三个维度(图像的高度)进行操作,以此类推。
相关问题
def calc_gradient_penalty(self, netD, real_data, fake_data): alpha = torch.rand(1, 1) alpha = alpha.expand(real_data.size()) alpha = alpha.cuda() interpolates = alpha * real_data + ((1 - alpha) * fake_data) interpolates = interpolates.cuda() interpolates = Variable(interpolates, requires_grad=True) disc_interpolates, s = netD.forward(interpolates) s = torch.autograd.Variable(torch.tensor(0.0), requires_grad=True).cuda() gradients1 = autograd.grad(outputs=disc_interpolates, inputs=interpolates, grad_outputs=torch.ones(disc_interpolates.size()).cuda(), create_graph=True, retain_graph=True, only_inputs=True, allow_unused=True)[0] gradients2 = autograd.grad(outputs=s, inputs=interpolates, grad_outputs=torch.ones(s.size()).cuda(), create_graph=True, retain_graph=True, only_inputs=True, allow_unused=True)[0] if gradients2 is None: return None gradient_penalty = (((gradients1.norm(2, dim=1) - 1) ** 2).mean() * self.LAMBDA) + \ (((gradients2.norm(2, dim=1) - 1) ** 2).mean() * self.LAMBDA) return gradient_penalty def get_loss(self, net,fakeB, realB): self.D_fake, x = net.forward(fakeB.detach()) self.D_fake = self.D_fake.mean() self.D_fake = (self.D_fake + x).mean() # Real self.D_real, x = net.forward(realB) self.D_real = (self.D_real+x).mean() # Combined loss self.loss_D = self.D_fake - self.D_real gradient_penalty = self.calc_gradient_penalty(net, realB.data, fakeB.data) return self.loss_D + gradient_penalty,return self.loss_D + gradient_penalty出现错误:TypeError: unsupported operand type(s) for +: 'Tensor' and 'NoneType'
这个错误是因为在 calc_gradient_penalty 函数中,如果 gradients2 是 None,则会返回 None。在 get_loss 函数中,如果 gradient_penalty 是 None,则返回的就是 self.loss_D + None,这导致了 TypeError 错误。
为了解决这个问题,你可以在 calc_gradient_penalty 函数中添加一个条件判断,如果 gradients2 是 None,则返回 0.0,而不是 None。这样,当计算 gradient_penalty 时,即使 gradients2 是 None,也不会导致错误。修改后的代码如下:
```
def calc_gradient_penalty(self, netD, real_data, fake_data):
alpha = torch.rand(1, 1)
alpha = alpha.expand(real_data.size())
alpha = alpha.cuda()
interpolates = alpha * real_data + ((1 - alpha) * fake_data)
interpolates = interpolates.cuda()
interpolates = Variable(interpolates, requires_grad=True)
disc_interpolates, s = netD.forward(interpolates)
s = torch.autograd.Variable(torch.tensor(0.0), requires_grad=True).cuda()
gradients1 = autograd.grad(outputs=disc_interpolates, inputs=interpolates,
grad_outputs=torch.ones(disc_interpolates.size()).cuda(),
create_graph=True, retain_graph=True, only_inputs=True, allow_unused=True)[0]
gradients2 = autograd.grad(outputs=s, inputs=interpolates,
grad_outputs=torch.ones(s.size()).cuda(),
create_graph=True, retain_graph=True,
only_inputs=True, allow_unused=True)[0]
if gradients2 is None:
return 0.0
gradient_penalty = (((gradients1.norm(2, dim=1) - 1) ** 2).mean() * self.LAMBDA) + \
(((gradients2.norm(2, dim=1) - 1) ** 2).mean() * self.LAMBDA)
return gradient_penalty
def get_loss(self, net,fakeB, realB):
self.D_fake, x = net.forward(fakeB.detach())
self.D_fake = self.D_fake.mean()
self.D_fake = (self.D_fake + x).mean()
# Real
self.D_real, x = net.forward(realB)
self.D_real = (self.D_real+x).mean()
# Combined loss
self.loss_D = self.D_fake - self.D_real
gradient_penalty = self.calc_gradient_penalty(net, realB.data, fakeB.data)
if gradient_penalty == None:
gradient_penalty = 0.0
return self.loss_D + gradient_penalty
```
def calc_gradient_penalty(self, netD, real_data, fake_data): alpha = torch.rand(1, 1) alpha = alpha.expand(real_data.size()) alpha = alpha.cuda() interpolates = alpha * real_data + ((1 - alpha) * fake_data) interpolates = interpolates.cuda() interpolates = Variable(interpolates, requires_grad=True) disc_interpolates, s = netD.forward(interpolates) gradients1 = autograd.grad(outputs=disc_interpolates, inputs=interpolates, grad_outputs=torch.ones(disc_interpolates.size()).cuda(), create_graph=True, retain_graph=True, only_inputs=True)[0] gradients2 = autograd.grad(outputs=s, inputs=interpolates, grad_outputs=torch.ones(s.size()).cuda(), create_graph=True, retain_graph=True, only_inputs=True)[0] gradient_penalty = (((gradients1.norm(2, dim=1) - 1) ** 2).mean() * self.LAMBDA) + \ (((gradients2.norm(2, dim=1) - 1) ** 2).mean() * self.LAMBDA) return gradient_penalty运行上述代码,出现错误:RuntimeError: One of the differentiated Tensors appears to not have been used in the graph. Set allow_unused=True if this is the desired behavior.
这个错误通常是因为在反向传播时,某些变量没有被使用到,但是又没有设置 `allow_unused=True`。你可以尝试在 `grad` 函数中加入 `allow_unused=True` 参数,如下所示:
```
gradients1 = autograd.grad(outputs=disc_interpolates, inputs=interpolates,
grad_outputs=torch.ones(disc_interpolates.size()).cuda(),
create_graph=True, retain_graph=True, only_inputs=True, allow_unused=True)[0]
gradients2 = autograd.grad(outputs=s, inputs=interpolates,
grad_outputs=torch.ones(s.size()).cuda(),
create_graph=True, retain_graph=True, only_inputs=True, allow_unused=True)[0]
```
这样就可以避免出现这个错误了。
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