平衡二叉树动态演示系统设计
时间: 2023-12-03 15:39:59 浏览: 101
平衡二叉树动态演示系统设计可以分为以下几个步骤:
1. 确定系统需求:确定系统需要实现哪些功能,例如插入节点、删除节点、查找节点等。
2. 设计数据结构:设计平衡二叉树的数据结构,包括节点的定义、节点之间的关系等。
3. 实现基本功能:实现平衡二叉树的基本功能,例如插入节点、删除节点、查找节点等。
4. 实现动态演示功能:实现平衡二叉树的动态演示功能,例如节点的颜色变化、节点的旋转等。
5. 设计用户界面:设计用户界面,包括菜单、按钮、文本框等。
6. 实现用户界面:使用GUI工具包实现用户界面。
7. 测试和调试:对系统进行测试和调试,确保系统的稳定性和正确性。
下面是一个简单的Python实现平衡二叉树的例子,其中包括插入节点、删除节点、查找节点等功能,并且使用了Tkinter库实现了用户界面和动态演示功能:
```python
import tkinter as tk
class Node:
def __init__(self, val):
self.val = val
self.left = None
self.right = None
self.height = 1
class AVLTree:
def __init__(self):
self.root = None
def insert(self, val):
self.root = self._insert(self.root, val)
def _insert(self, node, val):
if not node:
return Node(val)
elif val < node.val:
node.left = self._insert(node.left, val)
else:
node.right = self._insert(node.right, val)
node.height = 1 + max(self._height(node.left), self._height(node.right))
balance = self._get_balance(node)
if balance > 1 and val < node.left.val:
return self._right_rotate(node)
if balance < -1 and val > node.right.val:
return self._left_rotate(node)
if balance > 1 and val > node.left.val:
node.left = self._left_rotate(node.left)
return self._right_rotate(node)
if balance < -1 and val < node.right.val:
node.right = self._right_rotate(node.right)
return self._left_rotate(node)
return node
def delete(self, val):
self.root = self._delete(self.root, val)
def _delete(self, node, val):
if not node:
return node
elif val < node.val:
node.left = self._delete(node.left, val)
elif val > node.val:
node.right = self._delete(node.right, val)
else:
if not node.left and not node.right:
node = None
elif not node.left:
node = node.right
elif not node.right:
node = node.left
else:
temp = self._get_min(node.right)
node.val = temp.val
node.right = self._delete(node.right, temp.val)
if not node:
return node
node.height = 1 + max(self._height(node.left), self._height(node.right))
balance = self._get_balance(node)
if balance > 1 and self._get_balance(node.left) >= 0:
return self._right_rotate(node)
if balance < -1 and self._get_balance(node.right) <= 0:
return self._left_rotate(node)
if balance > 1 and self._get_balance(node.left) < 0:
node.left = self._left_rotate(node.left)
return self._right_rotate(node)
if balance < -1 and self._get_balance(node.right) > 0:
node.right = self._right_rotate(node.right)
return self._left_rotate(node)
return node
def search(self, val):
return self._search(self.root, val)
def _search(self, node, val):
if not node:
return False
elif val == node.val:
return True
elif val < node.val:
return self._search(node.left, val)
else:
return self._search(node.right, val)
def _height(self, node):
if not node:
return 0
else:
return node.height
def _get_balance(self, node):
if not node:
return 0
else:
return self._height(node.left) - self._height(node.right)
def _left_rotate(self, node):
new_root = node.right
node.right = new_root.left
new_root.left = node
node.height = 1 + max(self._height(node.left), self._height(node.right))
new_root.height = 1 + max(self._height(new_root.left), self._height(new_root.right))
return new_root
def _right_rotate(self, node):
new_root = node.left
node.left = new_root.right
new_root.right = node
node.height = 1 + max(self._height(node.left), self._height(node.right))
new_root.height = 1 + max(self._height(new_root.left), self._height(new_root.right))
return new_root
def _get_min(self, node):
while node.left:
node = node.left
return node
class AVLTreeGUI:
def __init__(self):
self.tree = AVLTree()
self.window = tk.Tk()
self.window.title("AVL Tree")
self.window.geometry("800x600")
self.canvas = tk.Canvas(self.window, bg="white", width=800, height=500)
self.canvas.pack()
self.insert_entry = tk.Entry(self.window, width=20)
self.insert_entry.place(x=100, y=520)
self.insert_button = tk.Button(self.window, text="Insert", command=self.insert)
self.insert_button.place(x=250, y=520)
self.delete_entry = tk.Entry(self.window, width=20)
self.delete_entry.place(x=400, y=520)
self.delete_button = tk.Button(self.window, text="Delete", command=self.delete)
self.delete_button.place(x=550, y=520)
self.search_entry = tk.Entry(self.window, width=20)
self.search_entry.place(x=100, y=560)
self.search_button = tk.Button(self.window, text="Search", command=self.search)
self.search_button.place(x=250, y=560)
self.clear_button = tk.Button(self.window, text="Clear", command=self.clear)
self.clear_button.place(x=400, y=560)
self.quit_button = tk.Button(self.window, text="Quit", command=self.window.quit)
self.quit_button.place(x=550, y=560)
self.draw_tree()
def insert(self):
val = self.insert_entry.get()
if val:
self.tree.insert(int(val))
self.draw_tree()
self.insert_entry.delete(0, tk.END)
def delete(self):
val = self.delete_entry.get()
if val:
self.tree.delete(int(val))
self.draw_tree()
self.delete_entry.delete(0, tk.END)
def search(self):
val = self.search_entry.get()
if val:
if self.tree.search(int(val)):
tk.messagebox.showinfo("Search Result", "The value is found in the tree.")
else:
tk.messagebox.showinfo("Search Result", "The value is not found in the tree.")
self.search_entry.delete(0, tk.END)
def clear(self):
self.tree = AVLTree()
self.draw_tree()
def draw_tree(self):
self.canvas.delete("all")
if self.tree.root:
self._draw_node(self.tree.root, 400, 50, 300)
def _draw_node(self, node, x, y, gap):
if node.left:
x_left = x - gap
y_left = y + 50
self.canvas.create_line(x, y, x_left, y_left)
self._draw_node(node.left, x_left, y_left, gap // 2)
if node.right:
x_right = x + gap
y_right = y + 50
self.canvas.create_line(x, y, x_right, y_right)
self._draw_node(node.right, x_right, y_right, gap // 2)
if node == self.tree.root:
color = "red"
else:
color = "blue"
self.canvas.create_oval(x - 20, y - 20, x + 20, y + 20, fill=color)
self.canvas.create_text(x, y, text=str(node.val))
if __name__ == "__main__":
app = AVLTreeGUI()
app.window.mainloop()
```
阅读全文