Qt在子线程进行串口通信，支持断线重连

在Qt中，可以在子线程中进行串口通信，并支持断线重连。以下是一个简单的示例代码：

// 在子线程中进行串口通信的类
class SerialWorker : public QObject
{
    Q_OBJECT

public:
    explicit SerialWorker(QObject *parent = nullptr)
        : QObject(parent)
    {
        serialPort = new QSerialPort(this);

        connect(serialPort, &QSerialPort::readyRead, this, &SerialWorker::onReadyRead);
    }

signals:
    void dataReceived(const QByteArray &data);

public slots:
    void connectToSerialPort(const QString &portName, qint32 baudRate)
    {
        serialPort->setPortName(portName);
        serialPort->setBaudRate(baudRate);

        if (serialPort->open(QIODevice::ReadWrite))
        {
            emit connected();
        }
        else
        {
            emit connectionError(serialPort->errorString());
        }
    }

    void disconnectFromSerialPort()
    {
        serialPort->close();
        emit disconnected();
    }

private slots:
    void onReadyRead()
    {
        QByteArray data = serialPort->readAll();
        emit dataReceived(data);
    }

private:
    QSerialPort *serialPort;
};

// 主线程中的串口管理类
class SerialManager : public QObject
{
    Q_OBJECT

public:
    explicit SerialManager(QObject *parent = nullptr)
        : QObject(parent), workerThread(nullptr), worker(nullptr)
    {
    }

public slots:
    void startSerialCommunication(const QString &portName, qint32 baudRate)
    {
        stopSerialCommunication();

        workerThread = new QThread(this);
        worker = new SerialWorker();

        worker->moveToThread(workerThread);

        connect(workerThread, &QThread::finished, worker, &QObject::deleteLater);
        connect(this, &SerialManager::connectToSerialPort, worker, &SerialWorker::connectToSerialPort);
        connect(this, &SerialManager::disconnectFromSerialPort, worker, &SerialWorker::disconnectFromSerialPort);

        connect(worker, &SerialWorker::connected, this, &SerialManager::onConnected);
        connect(worker, &SerialWorker::connectionError, this, &SerialManager::onConnectionError);
        connect(worker, &SerialWorker::disconnected, this, &SerialManager::onDisconnected);
        connect(worker, &SerialWorker::dataReceived, this, &SerialManager::onDataReceived);

        workerThread->start();

        emit connectToSerialPort(portName, baudRate);
    }

    void stopSerialCommunication()
    {
        if (workerThread)
        {
            emit disconnectFromSerialPort();

            workerThread->quit();
            workerThread->wait();

            delete workerThread;
            workerThread = nullptr;

            worker = nullptr;
        }
    }

signals:
    void connected();
    void connectionError(const QString &errorString);
    void disconnected();
    void dataReceived(const QByteArray &data);

private slots:
    void onConnected()
    {
        qDebug() << "Connected to serial port";
        // 连接成功的处理逻辑
    }

    void onConnectionError(const QString &errorString)
    {
        qDebug() << "Serial port connection error:" << errorString;
        // 连接错误的处理逻辑
    }

    void onDisconnected()
    {
        qDebug() << "Disconnected from serial port";
        // 断开连接的处理逻辑
    }

    void onDataReceived(const QByteArray &data)
    {
        qDebug() << "Received data:" << data;
        // 收到数据的处理逻辑
    }

private:
    QThread *workerThread;
    SerialWorker *worker;
};

使用示例：

SerialManager serialManager;
// 在主线程中连接信号槽
QObject::connect(&serialManager, &SerialManager::dataReceived, [](const QByteArray &data) {
    // 处理收到的数据
});

// 启动串口通信
serialManager.startSerialCommunication("COM1", 9600);

// 停止串口通信
serialManager.stopSerialCommunication();

在上述示例中，SerialWorker类用于在子线程中进行串口通信，SerialManager类用于管理串口通信并处理相关事件。通过将SerialWorker对象移动到子线程中，实现了在子线程中进行串口通信的能力。同时，通过信号与槽机制，实现了主线程与子线程之间的通信。在需要断线重连时，可以调用stopSerialCommunication()停止当前的串口通信，然后再次调用startSerialCommunication()来重新建立连接。