stm32串口双向通信完整代码

以下是一个示例的STM32串口双向通信的完整代码：

#include "stm32f10x.h"

void USART1_Init(void)
{
    GPIO_InitTypeDef GPIO_InitStructure;
    USART_InitTypeDef USART_InitStructure;
    
    // 使能USART1和GPIOA的时钟
    RCC_APB2PeriphClockCmd(RCC_APB2Periph_USART1 | RCC_APB2Periph_GPIOA, ENABLE);
    
    // 配置USART1的引脚
    GPIO_InitStructure.GPIO_Pin = GPIO_Pin_9; // USART1_TX
    GPIO_InitStructure.GPIO_Mode = GPIO_Mode_AF_PP;
    GPIO_InitStructure.GPIO_Speed = GPIO_Speed_50MHz;
    GPIO_Init(GPIOA, &GPIO_InitStructure);
    
    GPIO_InitStructure.GPIO_Pin = GPIO_Pin_10; // USART1_RX
    GPIO_InitStructure.GPIO_Mode = GPIO_Mode_IN_FLOATING;
    GPIO_Init(GPIOA, &GPIO_InitStructure);
    
    // 配置USART1的参数
    USART_InitStructure.USART_BaudRate = 9600;
    USART_InitStructure.USART_WordLength = USART_WordLength_8b;
    USART_InitStructure.USART_StopBits = USART_StopBits_1;
    USART_InitStructure.USART_Parity = USART_Parity_No;
    USART_InitStructure.USART_HardwareFlowControl = USART_HardwareFlowControl_None;
    USART_InitStructure.USART_Mode = USART_Mode_Rx | USART_Mode_Tx;
    USART_Init(USART1, &USART_InitStructure);
    
    // 使能USART1
    USART_Cmd(USART1, ENABLE);
}

void USART1_SendChar(char ch)
{
    // 等待发送缓冲区为空
    while (USART_GetFlagStatus(USART1, USART_FLAG_TXE) == RESET);
    
    // 发送一个字符
    USART_SendData(USART1, (uint16_t)ch);
}

char USART1_ReceiveChar(void)
{
    // 等待接收缓冲区非空
    while (USART_GetFlagStatus(USART1, USART_FLAG_RXNE) == RESET);
    
    // 读取接收到的字符
    return (char)USART_ReceiveData(USART1);
}

int main(void)
{
    char receivedChar;
    
    // 初始化USART1
    USART1_Init();
    
    while (1)
    {
        // 接收字符
        receivedChar = USART1_ReceiveChar();        
        // 处理接收到的字符
        // ...
        
        // 发送字符
        USART1_SendChar(receivedChar);
    }
}