# 构建一个迷宫通路，要求：通过栈和队列生成的是两种不同的道路。给出代码

在构建一个迷宫通路的过程中，通常会利用深度优先搜索（DFS）或广度优先搜索（BFS）来探索路径，而栈和队列分别代表了这两种算法的基本数据结构。这里以Python为例，展示如何分别用栈和队列生成两种不同的迷宫通路：

**使用栈（模拟DFS）：**

def dfs_maze(maze, start, end, path=[]):
    path = path + [start]
    if start == end:
        return path
    if start not in maze or maze[start] == 0:
        return None

    maze[start] = 0
    for neighbor in [(i, j) for i in [-1, 0, 1] for j in [-1, 0, 1] if (i != 0 or j != 0) and (0 <= i + start[0] < len(maze)) and (0 <= j + start[1] < len(maze[0]))]:
        new_path = dfs_maze(maze, neighbor, end, path)
        if new_path is not None:
            return new_path

    return None

# 初始化迷宫矩阵（1为墙，0为空地）
maze = [[1, 1, 1], [0, 0, 1], [1, 0, 0]]
start = (0, 0)
end = (len(maze) - 1, len(maze[0]) - 1)

dfs_path = dfs_maze(maze, start, end)

**使用队列（模拟BFS）：**

from collections import deque

def bfs_maze(maze, start, end):
    queue = deque([(start, [])])
    while queue:
        cell, path = queue.popleft()
        if cell == end:
            return path
        if maze[cell[0]][cell[1]] == 0:
            maze[cell[0]][cell[1]] = 0
            queue.extend(((neighbor, path + [cell]) for neighbor in [(cell[0]+dx, cell[1]+dy) for dx, dy in [(0, 1), (1, 0), (0, -1), (-1, 0)] if 0 <= neighbor[0] < len(maze) and 0 <= neighbor[1] < len(maze[0])]))

    return None

bfs_path = bfs_maze(maze, start, end)

在这两个例子中，`dfs_path`将表示由栈生成的一条路径，而`bfs_path`则是队列生成的另一条路径。