import numpy as np import pandas as pd import matplotlib.pyplot as plt from sklearn.datasets import load_iris from sklearn.decomposition import PCA iris = load_iris() X = iris.data y = iris.target pca = PCA(n_components=2) X_pca = pca.fit_transform(X) def dbscan(X, eps, min_samples): labels = np.zeros(len(X)) C = 0 visited = set() for i in range(len(X)): if i not in visited: visited.add(i) neighbors = find_neighbors(X, i, eps) if len(neighbors) < min_samples: labels[i] = -1 else: C += 1 labels[i] = C expand_cluster(X, labels, i, neighbors, C, eps, min_samples, visited) return labels def find_neighbors(X, i, eps): neighbors = [] for j in range(len(X)): if np.linalg.norm(X[i] - X[j]) < eps: neighbors.append(j) return neighbors def expand_cluster(X, labels, i, neighbors, C, eps, min_samples, visited): for j in neighbors: if j not in visited: visited.add(j) neighbors_j = find_neighbors(X, j, eps) if len(neighbors_j) >= min_samples: neighbors.extend(neighbors_j) if labels[j] == 0: labels[j] = C eps = 0.5 min_samples = 5 labels = dbscan(X_pca, eps, min_samples) plt.scatter(X_pca[:, 0], X_pca[:, 1], c=labels) plt.xlabel('PCA Component 1') plt.ylabel('PCA Component 2') plt.title('DBSCAN Clustering with PCA') plt.show()将上述代码解读并加以注释
时间: 2024-02-14 07:09:30 浏览: 91
这段代码演示了如何使用Python中的sklearn库中的DBSCAN算法对鸢尾花数据集进行聚类分析,并使用PCA算法降维将数据可视化。
首先,代码导入了必要的库和模块,包括numpy、pandas、matplotlib.pyplot和sklearn.datasets中的load_iris和PCA。load_iris是sklearn内置的鸢尾花数据集,PCA是用于降维的模块。
```python
import numpy as np
import pandas as pd
import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
from sklearn.datasets import load_iris
from sklearn.decomposition import PCA
iris = load_iris()
X = iris.data
y = iris.target
pca = PCA(n_components=2)
X_pca = pca.fit_transform(X)
```
接下来定义了一个DBSCAN聚类函数dbscan,该函数实现了DBSCAN算法的核心逻辑。该函数接受三个参数:数据集X,邻域半径eps和最小样本数min_samples。该函数返回一个标签列表labels,其中每个标签表示该数据点所属的聚类簇。
```python
def dbscan(X, eps, min_samples):
labels = np.zeros(len(X))
C = 0
visited = set()
for i in range(len(X)):
if i not in visited:
visited.add(i)
neighbors = find_neighbors(X, i, eps)
if len(neighbors) < min_samples:
labels[i] = -1
else:
C += 1
labels[i] = C
expand_cluster(X, labels, i, neighbors, C, eps, min_samples, visited)
return labels
```
接下来是一个辅助函数find_neighbors,该函数接受三个参数:数据集X中的一个数据点i,邻域半径eps和最小样本数min_samples。该函数返回数据集X中与数据点i距离在eps之内的所有数据点的索引。
```python
def find_neighbors(X, i, eps):
neighbors = []
for j in range(len(X)):
if np.linalg.norm(X[i] - X[j]) < eps:
neighbors.append(j)
return neighbors
```
最后是另一个辅助函数expand_cluster,该函数实现了DBSCAN算法的核心逻辑。该函数接受八个参数:数据集X,标签列表labels,当前数据点i,当前数据点i的邻居集合neighbors,聚类簇编号C,邻域半径eps,最小样本数min_samples和已访问的数据点集合visited。该函数更新标签列表labels以反映新的聚类簇。
```python
def expand_cluster(X, labels, i, neighbors, C, eps, min_samples, visited):
for j in neighbors:
if j not in visited:
visited.add(j)
neighbors_j = find_neighbors(X, j, eps)
if len(neighbors_j) >= min_samples:
neighbors.extend(neighbors_j)
if labels[j] == 0:
labels[j] = C
```
接下来,代码定义一个邻域半径eps和最小样本数min_samples,然后调用dbscan函数对降维后的数据集X_pca进行聚类,将聚类结果保存在labels中。
```python
eps = 0.5
min_samples = 5
labels = dbscan(X_pca, eps, min_samples)
```
最后,代码使用matplotlib.pyplot库将聚类结果可视化。它使用scatter函数在2D平面上绘制PCA降维后的数据集X_pca,颜色由聚类标签决定。代码还为图表添加了标题和轴标签。
```python
plt.scatter(X_pca[:, 0], X_pca[:, 1], c=labels)
plt.xlabel('PCA Component 1')
plt.ylabel('PCA Component 2')
plt.title('DBSCAN Clustering with PCA')
plt.show()
```
这段代码演示了如何使用Python和sklearn库中的DBSCAN算法对鸢尾花数据集进行聚类分析,并使用PCA算法将数据可视化。
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