给定一个无序序列,采用以下排序方法分别对序列升序排序。写出代码 (1) 冒泡排序; (2) 堆排序; (3) 插入排序; (4) 选择排序。
时间: 2024-09-30 19:06:30 浏览: 41
以下是四种排序算法的Python代码示例:
1. **冒泡排序:**
```python
def bubble_sort(arr):
n = len(arr)
for i in range(n):
for j in range(0, n-i-1):
if arr[j] > arr[j+1]:
arr[j], arr[j+1] = arr[j+1], arr[j]
return arr
```
2. **堆排序:**
```python
import heapq
def heapify(arr, n, i):
largest = i
l = 2 * i + 1
r = 2 * i + 2
if l < n and arr[i] < arr[l]:
largest = l
if r < n and arr[largest] < arr[r]:
largest = r
if largest != i:
arr[i], arr[largest] = arr[largest], arr[i]
heapify(arr, n, largest)
def heap_sort(arr):
n = len(arr)
for i in range(n, -1, -1):
heapify(arr, n, i)
for i in range(n-1, 0, -1):
arr[i], arr[0] = arr[0], arr[i]
heapify(arr, i, 0)
return arr
```
3. **插入排序:**
```python
def insertion_sort(arr):
for i in range(1, len(arr)):
key = arr[i]
j = i-1
while j >=0 and key < arr[j] :
arr[j+1] = arr[j]
j -= 1
arr[j+1] = key
return arr
```
4. **选择排序:**
```python
def selection_sort(arr):
for i in range(len(arr)):
min_index = i
for j in range(i+1, len(arr)):
if arr[j] < arr[min_index]:
min_index = j
arr[i], arr[min_index] = arr[min_index], arr[i]
return arr
```
每种算法都按照特定的方式遍历和比较元素,以达到排序的目的。
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