java如何读取shp文件

Java可以使用GeoTools开源库来读取shp文件。下面是一个示例代码：

File file = new File("path/to/shapefile.shp");
Map<String, Object> params = new HashMap<>();
params.put("url", file.toURI().toURL());

DataStore dataStore = DataStoreFinder.getDataStore(params);
String typeName = dataStore.getTypeNames()[0];

FeatureSource<SimpleFeatureType, SimpleFeature> source = dataStore.getFeatureSource(typeName);

FeatureCollection<SimpleFeatureType, SimpleFeature> collection = source.getFeatures();
try (FeatureIterator<SimpleFeature> features = collection.features()) {
    while (features.hasNext()) {
        SimpleFeature feature = features.next();
        // do something with the feature
    }
}

其中，`path/to/shapefile.shp`需要替换为实际的shp文件路径。在代码中，先通过`DataStoreFinder`获取一个`DataStore`对象，然后通过`getTypeNames()`获取shapefile中的类型名称，进而通过`getFeatureSource()`获取`FeatureSource`对象，最后通过`getFeatures()`获取`FeatureCollection`对象，遍历其中的`Feature`对象即可。