通过c语言的非递归算法求解hanoi
时间: 2023-06-02 09:07:13 浏览: 109
塔问题的步骤数是多少?
对于汉诺塔问题,步骤数为 2^n - 1,其中 n 为盘子的数量。通过 c 语言的非递归算法可以使用栈来实现。具体实现代码可以参考以下示例:
#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <limits.h>
#define MAX_DISKS 20
typedef struct {
int n, r, i, j;
} Frame;
typedef struct {
int *data;
int capacity;
int top;
} Stack;
void stack_init(Stack *s, int capacity) {
s->capacity = capacity;
s->data = (int*) malloc(sizeof(int) * capacity);
s->top = -1;
}
void stack_push(Stack *s, int value) {
if (s->top == s->capacity - 1) {
printf("stack overflow\n");
exit(1);
}
s->data[++s->top] = value;
}
int stack_pop(Stack *s) {
if (s->top == -1) {
printf("stack underflow\n");
exit(1);
}
return s->data[s->top--];
}
void hanoi(int n) {
Stack s;
Frame frame;
stack_init(&s, n + 1);
stack_push(&s, INT_MAX);
frame.n = n;
frame.r = 1;
while (frame.n > 0 || s.top != 0) {
if (frame.n > 0) {
stack_push(&s, frame.n);
frame.i = 1;
frame.j = 2;
frame.n -= 1;
} else {
frame.n = stack_pop(&s);
if (frame.n == INT_MAX) break;
frame.r = stack_pop(&s);
frame.i = 6 - frame.r - frame.i;
printf("Move disk %d from rod %d to rod %d\n", frame.n, frame.i, frame.j);
frame.n -= 1;
frame.r = frame.i;
}
}
}
int main() {
int n;
printf("Enter the number of disks: ");
scanf("%d", &n);
hanoi(n);
printf("Steps: %d\n", (1 << n) - 1);
return 0;
}
注意事项:
- 栈的使用可以避免递归函数调用带来的额外开销。
- 栈的容量需要预估,如果没有预估到位,可能会导致栈溢出。
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