stm32串口接受字符串
时间: 2023-08-31 10:10:26 浏览: 150
以下是在STM32上使用HAL库接收字符串的示例代码:
```c
#include "stm32f4xx_hal.h"
#include <string.h>
UART_HandleTypeDef huart2;
void SystemClock_Config(void);
static void MX_GPIO_Init(void);
static void MX_USART2_UART_Init(void);
char buffer[100]; //缓存区
int main(void)
{
HAL_Init();
SystemClock_Config();
MX_GPIO_Init();
MX_USART2_UART_Init();
while (1)
{
if (HAL_UART_Receive(&huart2, (uint8_t*)buffer, 100, 100) == HAL_OK) //接收串口数据
{
//接收到数据,进行处理
if (strcmp(buffer, "hello\r\n") == 0) //如果接收到"hello"
{
HAL_UART_Transmit(&huart2, (uint8_t*)"world\r\n", 7, 100); //发送"world"
}
memset(buffer, 0, sizeof(buffer)); //清空缓存区
}
}
}
void SystemClock_Config(void)
{
RCC_OscInitTypeDef RCC_OscInitStruct = {0};
RCC_ClkInitTypeDef RCC_ClkInitStruct = {0};
__HAL_RCC_PWR_CLK_ENABLE();
__HAL_PWR_VOLTAGESCALING_CONFIG(PWR_REGULATOR_VOLTAGE_SCALE1);
RCC_OscInitStruct.OscillatorType = RCC_OSCILLATORTYPE_HSI;
RCC_OscInitStruct.HSIState = RCC_HSI_ON;
RCC_OscInitStruct.HSICalibrationValue = RCC_HSICALIBRATION_DEFAULT;
RCC_OscInitStruct.PLL.PLLState = RCC_PLL_ON;
RCC_OscInitStruct.PLL.PLLSource = RCC_PLLSOURCE_HSI;
RCC_OscInitStruct.PLL.PLLM = 16;
RCC_OscInitStruct.PLL.PLLN = 336;
RCC_OscInitStruct.PLL.PLLP = RCC_PLLP_DIV4;
RCC_OscInitStruct.PLL.PLLQ = 7;
if (HAL_RCC_OscConfig(&RCC_OscInitStruct) != HAL_OK)
{
Error_Handler();
}
RCC_ClkInitStruct.ClockType = RCC_CLOCKTYPE_HCLK | RCC_CLOCKTYPE_SYSCLK | RCC_CLOCKTYPE_PCLK1 | RCC_CLOCKTYPE_PCLK2;
RCC_ClkInitStruct.SYSCLKSource = RCC_SYSCLKSOURCE_PLLCLK;
RCC_ClkInitStruct.AHBCLKDivider = RCC_SYSCLK_DIV1;
RCC_ClkInitStruct.APB1CLKDivider = RCC_HCLK_DIV4;
RCC_ClkInitStruct.APB2CLKDivider = RCC_HCLK_DIV2;
if (HAL_RCC_ClockConfig(&RCC_ClkInitStruct, FLASH_LATENCY_5) != HAL_OK)
{
Error_Handler();
}
}
static void MX_USART2_UART_Init(void)
{
huart2.Instance = USART2;
huart2.Init.BaudRate = 115200;
huart2.Init.WordLength = UART_WORDLENGTH_8B;
huart2.Init.StopBits = UART_STOPBITS_1;
huart2.Init.Parity = UART_PARITY_NONE;
huart2.Init.Mode = UART_MODE_TX_RX;
huart2.Init.HwFlowCtl = UART_HWCONTROL_NONE;
huart2.Init.OverSampling = UART_OVERSAMPLING_16;
if (HAL_UART_Init(&huart2) != HAL_OK)
{
Error_Handler();
}
}
static void MX_GPIO_Init(void)
{
__HAL_RCC_GPIOA_CLK_ENABLE();
GPIO_InitTypeDef GPIO_InitStruct = {0};
GPIO_InitStruct.Pin = GPIO_PIN_2 | GPIO_PIN_3;
GPIO_InitStruct.Mode = GPIO_MODE_AF_PP;
GPIO_InitStruct.Pull = GPIO_PULLUP;
GPIO_InitStruct.Speed = GPIO_SPEED_FREQ_VERY_HIGH;
GPIO_InitStruct.Alternate = GPIO_AF7_USART2;
HAL_GPIO_Init(GPIOA, &GPIO_InitStruct);
}
```
上述代码中,我们首先定义了一个缓存区`buffer`,用于存储接收到的串口数据。在主循环中,我们调用了`HAL_UART_Receive`函数来接收串口数据,如果接收到了数据,则进行处理。这里我们以接收到"hello\r\n"为例,如果接收到了这个字符串,则调用`HAL_UART_Transmit`函数发送"world\r\n"。最后,我们通过`memset`函数清空缓存区,以便下次接收数据。
需要注意的是,串口接收数据的超时时间设置为100ms,如果你的串口数据发送速度较慢,可以适当调整这个超时时间。另外,如果要接收较大的数据包,需要将缓存区大小适当调大,否则可能会导致数据丢失。
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