tag = sys.argv[1]
时间: 2023-12-17 08:26:53 浏览: 39
在这个例子中,我们使用sys.argv来获取传递给脚本的参数,并将第一个参数赋值给tag变量。具体代码如下所示:
```python
import sys
tag = sys.argv[1]
```
需要注意的是,如果我们只执行python script.py,那么sys.argv的长度将是1,只包含了脚本文件的名称。因此,在这种情况下,我们无法将sys.argv赋值给tag变量,否则会导致IndexError异常。因此,在使用sys.argv之前,我们需要先检查sys.argv的长度是否足够。
相关问题
(1) OpenStack nova组件构成及其作用 (2)libvirt作用是什么? (3)如何部署rabbitmq (4)rabbitmq的五种消息使用方法是什么?代码如何测试 (5)rabbitmq 如何与 spring boot 集成
(1)OpenStack nova是一个用于管理云计算平台上虚拟机实例的组件,主要由以下几个子组件构成:
- nova-api:提供REST API接口,用于接收和处理用户请求。
- nova-scheduler:根据用户请求,选择最适合的物理主机进行虚拟机实例的创建。
- nova-conductor:协助nova-compute进行虚拟机实例的创建和管理。
- nova-compute:在物理主机上创建和管理虚拟机实例。
- nova-network:提供虚拟机实例的网络连接和管理功能。
(2)libvirt是一个用于管理虚拟化技术的工具,它提供了一组API接口,可以让管理程序通过这些接口来管理虚拟化环境。它主要的作用有:
- 提供了一套统一的API,可以管理多种虚拟化技术。
- 可以创建、启动、停止、暂停、恢复、删除虚拟机。
- 可以管理虚拟机的磁盘、网络、内存、CPU等资源。
- 提供了一些监控和调试工具,方便管理人员进行故障排查和性能调优。
(3)部署rabbitmq的步骤如下:
1. 安装Erlang环境
2. 安装RabbitMQ服务
3. 启动RabbitMQ服务
4. 配置管理员用户和虚拟主机
5. 配置RabbitMQ的权限和策略
6. 配置集群和镜像队列
(4)RabbitMQ的五种消息使用方法及测试代码如下:
- Point-to-Point (PTP)模式
发送消息的代码:
```python
import pika
connection = pika.BlockingConnection(pika.ConnectionParameters('localhost'))
channel = connection.channel()
channel.queue_declare(queue='hello')
channel.basic_publish(exchange='', routing_key='hello', body='Hello World!')
print(" [x] Sent 'Hello World!'")
connection.close()
```
接收消息的代码:
```python
import pika
connection = pika.BlockingConnection(pika.ConnectionParameters('localhost'))
channel = connection.channel()
channel.queue_declare(queue='hello')
def callback(ch, method, properties, body):
print(" [x] Received %r" % body)
channel.basic_consume(queue='hello', on_message_callback=callback, auto_ack=True)
print(' [*] Waiting for messages. To exit press CTRL+C')
channel.start_consuming()
```
- Publish/Subscribe模式
发送消息的代码:
```python
import pika
connection = pika.BlockingConnection(pika.ConnectionParameters('localhost'))
channel = connection.channel()
channel.exchange_declare(exchange='logs', exchange_type='fanout')
message = 'Hello World!'
channel.basic_publish(exchange='logs', routing_key='', body=message)
print(" [x] Sent %r" % message)
connection.close()
```
接收消息的代码:
```python
import pika
connection = pika.BlockingConnection(pika.ConnectionParameters('localhost'))
channel = connection.channel()
channel.exchange_declare(exchange='logs', exchange_type='fanout')
result = channel.queue_declare(queue='', exclusive=True)
queue_name = result.method.queue
channel.queue_bind(exchange='logs', queue=queue_name)
def callback(ch, method, properties, body):
print(" [x] %r" % body)
channel.basic_consume(queue=queue_name, on_message_callback=callback, auto_ack=True)
print(' [*] Waiting for messages. To exit press CTRL+C')
channel.start_consuming()
```
- Routing模式
发送消息的代码:
```python
import pika
import sys
connection = pika.BlockingConnection(pika.ConnectionParameters('localhost'))
channel = connection.channel()
channel.exchange_declare(exchange='direct_logs', exchange_type='direct')
severity = sys.argv[1] if len(sys.argv) > 1 else 'info'
message = ' '.join(sys.argv[2:]) or 'Hello World!'
channel.basic_publish(exchange='direct_logs', routing_key=severity, body=message)
print(" [x] Sent %r:%r" % (severity, message))
connection.close()
```
接收消息的代码:
```python
import pika
import sys
connection = pika.BlockingConnection(pika.ConnectionParameters('localhost'))
channel = connection.channel()
channel.exchange_declare(exchange='direct_logs', exchange_type='direct')
result = channel.queue_declare(queue='', exclusive=True)
queue_name = result.method.queue
severities = sys.argv[1:]
if not severities:
print("Usage: %s [info] [warning] [error]" % (sys.argv[0],))
sys.exit(1)
for severity in severities:
channel.queue_bind(exchange='direct_logs', queue=queue_name, routing_key=severity)
def callback(ch, method, properties, body):
print(" [x] %r:%r" % (method.routing_key, body))
channel.basic_consume(queue=queue_name, on_message_callback=callback, auto_ack=True)
print(' [*] Waiting for messages. To exit press CTRL+C')
channel.start_consuming()
```
- Topic模式
发送消息的代码:
```python
import pika
import sys
connection = pika.BlockingConnection(pika.ConnectionParameters('localhost'))
channel = connection.channel()
channel.exchange_declare(exchange='topic_logs', exchange_type='topic')
routing_key = sys.argv[1] if len(sys.argv) > 2 else 'anonymous.info'
message = ' '.join(sys.argv[2:]) or 'Hello World!'
channel.basic_publish(exchange='topic_logs', routing_key=routing_key, body=message)
print(" [x] Sent %r:%r" % (routing_key, message))
connection.close()
```
接收消息的代码:
```python
import pika
import sys
connection = pika.BlockingConnection(pika.ConnectionParameters('localhost'))
channel = connection.channel()
channel.exchange_declare(exchange='topic_logs', exchange_type='topic')
result = channel.queue_declare(queue='', exclusive=True)
queue_name = result.method.queue
binding_keys = sys.argv[1:]
if not binding_keys:
print("Usage: %s [binding_key]..." % (sys.argv[0],))
sys.exit(1)
for binding_key in binding_keys:
channel.queue_bind(exchange='topic_logs', queue=queue_name, routing_key=binding_key)
def callback(ch, method, properties, body):
print(" [x] %r:%r" % (method.routing_key, body))
channel.basic_consume(queue=queue_name, on_message_callback=callback, auto_ack=True)
print(' [*] Waiting for messages. To exit press CTRL+C')
channel.start_consuming()
```
- RPC模式
客户端发送请求的代码:
```python
import pika
import uuid
class FibonacciRpcClient(object):
def __init__(self):
self.connection = pika.BlockingConnection(pika.ConnectionParameters('localhost'))
self.channel = self.connection.channel()
result = self.channel.queue_declare(queue='', exclusive=True)
self.callback_queue = result.method.queue
self.channel.basic_consume(queue=self.callback_queue, on_message_callback=self.on_response, auto_ack=True)
def on_response(self, ch, method, props, body):
if self.correlation_id == props.correlation_id:
self.response = body
def call(self, n):
self.response = None
self.correlation_id = str(uuid.uuid4())
self.channel.basic_publish(exchange='',
routing_key='rpc_queue',
properties=pika.BasicProperties(
reply_to=self.callback_queue,
correlation_id=self.correlation_id,
),
body=str(n))
while self.response is None:
self.connection.process_data_events()
return int(self.response)
fibonacci_rpc = FibonacciRpcClient()
print(" [x] Requesting fib(30)")
response = fibonacci_rpc.call(30)
print(" [.] Got %r" % response)
```
服务端处理请求的代码:
```python
import pika
connection = pika.BlockingConnection(pika.ConnectionParameters('localhost'))
channel = connection.channel()
channel.queue_declare(queue='rpc_queue')
def fib(n):
if n == 0:
return 0
elif n == 1:
return 1
else:
return fib(n-1) + fib(n-2)
def on_request(ch, method, props, body):
n = int(body)
print(" [.] fib(%s)" % n)
response = fib(n)
ch.basic_publish(exchange='',
routing_key=props.reply_to,
properties=pika.BasicProperties(correlation_id = props.correlation_id),
body=str(response))
ch.basic_ack(delivery_tag=method.delivery_tag)
channel.basic_qos(prefetch_count=1)
channel.basic_consume(queue='rpc_queue', on_message_callback=on_request)
print(" [x] Awaiting RPC requests")
channel.start_consuming()
```
(5)RabbitMQ与Spring Boot集成的步骤如下:
1. 添加RabbitMQ依赖
在pom.xml文件中添加以下依赖:
```xml
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-amqp</artifactId>
</dependency>
```
2. 配置RabbitMQ连接
在application.properties文件中添加以下配置:
```
spring.rabbitmq.host=localhost
spring.rabbitmq.port=5672
spring.rabbitmq.username=guest
spring.rabbitmq.password=guest
```
3. 发送消息
```java
import org.springframework.amqp.rabbit.core.RabbitTemplate;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Component;
@Component
public class Sender {
private final RabbitTemplate rabbitTemplate;
@Autowired
public Sender(RabbitTemplate rabbitTemplate) {
this.rabbitTemplate = rabbitTemplate;
}
public void send(String message) {
rabbitTemplate.convertAndSend("hello", message);
}
}
```
4. 接收消息
```java
import org.springframework.amqp.rabbit.annotation.RabbitListener;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Component;
@Component
public class Receiver {
@RabbitListener(queues = "hello")
public void receive(String message) {
System.out.println("Received: " + message);
}
}
```
写一个python 脚本来实现
以下是一个使用Python脚本来实现查看标签名称及数量、校验XML文件的示例:
```python
import os
import sys
from lxml import etree
# 查看标签名称及数量
def count_tags(xml_dir):
xml_files = [f for f in os.listdir(xml_dir) if f.endswith('.xml')]
tags = []
for xml_file in xml_files:
xml_path = os.path.join(xml_dir, xml_file)
with open(xml_path, 'r') as f:
xml_str = f.read()
root = etree.fromstring(xml_str)
for elem in root.iter():
tag = elem.tag
if tag not in tags:
tags.append(tag)
for tag in tags:
count = sum([1 for f in xml_files for line in open(os.path.join(xml_dir, f)) if tag in line])
print(tag, count)
# 校验XML文件
def validate_xml(xml_dir):
xml_files = [f for f in os.listdir(xml_dir) if f.endswith('.xml')]
for xml_file in xml_files:
xml_path = os.path.join(xml_dir, xml_file)
try:
etree.parse(xml_path)
print(xml_file, 'is valid')
except Exception as e:
print(xml_file, 'is not valid:', str(e))
if __name__ == '__main__':
xml_dir = sys.argv[1]
count_tags(xml_dir)
validate_xml(xml_dir)
```
该脚本使用lxml库来解析XML文件,首先实现了一个 `count_tags` 函数来查看标签名称及数量,然后实现了一个 `validate_xml` 函数来校验XML文件。在脚本的主程序中,可以通过指定数据集所在的目录来调用这两个函数,例如:
```bash
python script.py /path/to/xml_dir
```
其中 `/path/to/xml_dir` 是数据集所在的目录。
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