s.headers.update({'user-agent': 'Mozilla/5.0'})中的update是什么
时间: 2024-01-18 15:03:31 浏览: 187
update是一个方法,可以用来更新字典s的键值对。在这里,它被用来更新请求头中的User-Agent键对应的值。具体地,它将键值对{'user-agent': 'Mozilla/5.0'}添加到s的请求头中。如果请求头中已经存在'user-agent'键,则它的值将被覆盖为'Mozilla/5.0'。
相关问题
import requests import os from bs4 import BeautifulSoup cookie = os.getenv('MY_COOKIE') # 保存到环境变量中 def get_with_cookie(url): headers = { 'cookie': cookie, 'pragma': 'no-cache', 'referer': 'https://uland.taobao.com/sem/tbsearch?refpid=mm_26632258_3504122_32538762&keyword=%E7%88%B1%E6%B7%98%E5%AE%9D%E4%B9%B0%E4%B8%9C%E8%A5%BF&clk1=066356e5e429004e6730976351cc1afc&upsId=066356e5e429004e6730976351cc1afc', 'sec-ch-ua': '"Microsoft Edge";v="113", "Chromium";v="113", "Not-A.Brand";v="24"', 'sec-ch-ua-mobile': '?0', 'sec-ch-ua-platform': "Windows", 'sec-fetch-dest': 'document', 'sec-fetch-mode': 'navigate', 'sec-fetch-site': 'same-origin', 'sec-fetch-user': '?1', 'upgrade-insecure-requests': '1', 'user-agent': 'Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 10.0; Win64; x64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/113.0.0.0 Safari/537.36 Edg/113.0.1774.50' } try: resp = requests.get(url=url, headers=headers) return resp.text except requests.exceptions.RequestException as e: print("请求异常:", e) return None # 解析HTML内容,提取商品名称、价格和销量信息 def parse_html(html): try: soup = BeautifulSoup(html, 'html.parser') title = soup.select_one('h3.tb-main-title[data-title]') return title except Exception as e: print("解析异常:", e) return None # 测试接口: url = 'https://item.taobao.com/item.htm?id=699089474285&ali_refid=a3_430673_1006:1102522391:N:%2BAkz14GC%2BXi%2Bma9dw7y9M4p5Yhq5iT8I:f9e826228fbc823934848d20e28dff81&ali_trackid=162_f9e826228fbc823934848d20e28dff81&spm=a2e0b.20350158.31919782.5' resp_text = get_with_cookie(url) if resp_text is not None: title = parse_html(resp_text) if title is not None: # 打印商品信息 print(title.text.strip()) else: print("解析失败") else: print("请求失败")将cookie存储在session中
可以使用requests库中的Session类来存储cookie,示例代码如下:
```python
import requests
from bs4 import BeautifulSoup
session = requests.Session()
cookie = 'your_cookie_here'
session.headers.update({'cookie': cookie})
def get_with_cookie(url):
try:
resp = session.get(url)
return resp.text
except requests.exceptions.RequestException as e:
print("请求异常:", e)
return None
# 解析HTML内容,提取商品名称、价格和销量信息
def parse_html(html):
try:
soup = BeautifulSoup(html, 'html.parser')
title = soup.select_one('h3.tb-main-title[data-title]')
return title
except Exception as e:
print("解析异常:", e)
return None
# 测试接口:
url = 'https://item.taobao.com/item.htm?id=699089474285&ali_refid=a3_430673_1006:1102522391:N:%2BAkz14GC%2BXi%2Bma9dw7y9M4p5Yhq5iT8I:f9e826228fbc823934848d20e28dff81&ali_trackid=162_f9e826228fbc823934848d20e28dff81&spm=a2e0b.20350158.31919782.5'
resp_text = get_with_cookie(url)
if resp_text is not None:
title = parse_html(resp_text)
if title is not None:
# 打印商品信息
print(title.text.strip())
else:
print("解析失败")
else:
print("请求失败")
```
在这个示例代码中,我们使用了requests.Session()来创建一个session对象,并将cookie存储在session对象的headers中。在请求时,我们直接调用session.get()方法即可实现带cookie请求。这样,我们就可以不用在每次请求时都带上cookie了。
import io import re import tkinter import requests import threading import tqdm from pydub import AudioSegment root = tkinter.Tk() root.title('在线视频解析') root.geometry('500x590+550+350') headers = { 'User-Agent': 'Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 10.0; Win64; x64; rv:109.0) Gecko/20100101 Firefox/115.0'} ac = tkinter.Listbox(root, width=50, height=20, font=('黑体', 12)) ac.grid(row=2, columnspan=10, sticky="n" + "s" + "w" + "e") def sousuo(): i = b1.get() ac.delete(0, 'end') def extract_music_info(content): p = '<em>|</em>' content = re.sub(p, '', content, flags=re.S) pattern = re.compile('subject.*?href="(.*?)">(.*?)</a>', flags=re.S) return pattern.findall(content) def search_music(): url = 'https://www.hifini.com/search-' + i + '-1.htm' response = requests.get(url=url, headers=headers) return response.text def update_listbox(music_list): for music in music_list: pppp = music[1] + ":" + music[0] ac.insert('end', pppp) content = search_music() music_list = extract_music_info(content) update_listbox(music_list) def xiazzi(): def download_music(): ppp = ac.get(ac.curselection()) pp = re.search('thread.*?htm', ppp) v = pp.group() url1 = 'https://www.hifini.com/' + v response = requests.get(url=url1, headers=headers) ppp = response.text l2 = re.search('<script>.*?title:..(.*?).,.*?author:.(.*?).,.*?url:..(.*?).,', ppp, flags=re.S) p = 'https://www.hifini.com/' + l2.group(3) response = requests.get(url=p, headers=headers, stream=True) # 设置 stream=True 以启用流式下载 total_size = int(response.headers.get('Content-Length')) music_name = '{}-{}.mp3'.format(l2.group(2), l2.group(1)) progress_bar = tqdm(total=total_size, unit='B', unit_scale=True) # 创建进度条 with open(music_name, 'wb') as f: for data in response.iter_content(chunk_size=1024): progress_bar.update(len(data)) # 更新进度条 f.write(data) progress_bar.close() # 关闭进度条 print(music_name) threading.Thread(target=download_music).start() a1 = tkinter.Label(root, text='音乐下载器', anchor="center", font=('黑体', 24)) a1.grid(row=0, columnspan=10, sticky="n" + "s" + "w" + "e") b1 = tkinter.Entry(root, width=35, font=('黑体', 16), ) b1.grid(row=1, column=3, padx=15) search_button = tkinter.Button(root, text='搜索', command=sousuo) search_button.grid(row=1, column=4) download_button = tkinter.Button(root, text='下载', command=xiazzi) download_button.grid(row=3, column=4) root.mainloop() 报错TypeError: 'module' object is not callable
在你的代码中,导入了 `tqdm` 库,但是在使用时出现了 `TypeError: 'module' object is not callable` 错误。这个错误通常是因为你导入的模块与你的变量名冲突了。
你可以尝试更改导入语句,将 `tqdm` 给一个不同的变量名,例如将 `import tqdm` 改为 `import tqdm as td`。然后在代码中使用 `td` 来表示 `tqdm` 模块。
以下是修改后的代码示例:
```python
import io
import re
import tkinter
import requests
import threading
import tqdm as td
from pydub import AudioSegment
root = tkinter.Tk()
root.title('在线视频解析')
root.geometry('500x590+550+350')
headers = {
'User-Agent': 'Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 10.0; Win64; x64; rv:109.0) Gecko/20100101 Firefox/115.0'}
ac = tkinter.Listbox(root, width=50, height=20, font=('黑体', 12))
ac.grid(row=2, columnspan=10, sticky="n" + "s" + "w" + "e")
def sousuo():
i = b1.get()
ac.delete(0, 'end')
def extract_music_info(content):
p = '<em>|</em>'
content = re.sub(p, '', content, flags=re.S)
pattern = re.compile('subject.*?href="(.*?)">(.*?)</a>', flags=re.S)
return pattern.findall(content)
def search_music():
url = 'https://www.hifini.com/search-' + i + '-1.htm'
response = requests.get(url=url, headers=headers)
return response.text
def update_listbox(music_list):
for music in music_list:
pppp = music[1] + ":" + music[0]
ac.insert('end', pppp)
content = search_music()
music_list = extract_music_info(content)
update_listbox(music_list)
def xiazzi():
def download_music():
ppp = ac.get(ac.curselection())
pp = re.search('thread.*?htm', ppp)
v = pp.group()
url1 = 'https://www.hifini.com/' + v
response = requests.get(url=url1, headers=headers)
ppp = response.text
l2 = re.search('<script>.*?title:..(.*?).,.*?author:.(.*?).,.*?url:..(.*?).,', ppp, flags=re.S)
p = 'https://www.hifini.com/' + l2.group(3)
response = requests.get(url=p, headers=headers, stream=True) # 设置 stream=True 以启用流式下载
total_size = int(response.headers.get('Content-Length'))
music_name = '{}-{}.mp3'.format(l2.group(2), l2.group(1))
progress_bar = td.tqdm(total=total_size, unit='B', unit_scale=True) # 创建进度条
with open(music_name, 'wb') as f:
for data in response.iter_content(chunk_size=1024):
progress_bar.update(len(data)) # 更新进度条
f.write(data)
progress_bar.close() # 关闭进度条
print(music_name)
threading.Thread(target=download_music).start()
a1 = tkinter.Label(root, text='音乐下载器', anchor="center", font=('黑体', 24))
a1.grid(row=0, columnspan=10, sticky="n" + "s" + "w" + "e")
b1 = tkinter.Entry(root, width=35, font=('黑体', 16), )
b1.grid(row=1, column=3, padx=15)
search_button = tkinter.Button(root, text='搜索', command=sousuo)
search_button.grid(row=1, column=4)
download_button = tkinter.Button(root, text='下载', command=xiazzi)
download_button.grid(row=3, column=4)
root.mainloop()
```
通过将 `tqdm` 改为 `td`,你可以避免与模块名冲突的问题,并解决 `TypeError: 'module' object is not callable` 错误。
希望这能解决你的问题!
阅读全文