np_trestbps = csv_trestbps.to_numpy().flatten()是什么意思

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np_trestbps = csv_trestbps.to_numpy().flatten()是将csv_trestbps这个数据框转换为一个numpy数组,然后将数组压平为一维数组并赋值给np_trestbps。其中,csv_trestbps是用pandas库读取csv文件时得到的数据框,to_numpy()表示将数据框转换成numpy数组,flatten()表示将数组压平为一维数组。
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import numpy as np from tensorflow import keras # 加载手写数字图像和标签 def load_data(): train_data = np.loadtxt('train_images.csv', delimiter=',') train_labels = np.loadtxt('train_labels.csv', delimiter=',') test_data = np.loadtxt('test_image.csv', delimiter=',') return train_data, train_labels, test_data # 数据预处理 def preprocess_data(train_data, test_data): # 归一化到 [0, 1] 范围 train_data = train_data / 255.0 test_data = test_data / 255.0 # 将数据 reshape 成适合 CNN 的输入形状 (样本数, 高度, 宽度, 通道数) train_data = train_data.reshape(-1, 28, 28, 1) test_data = test_data.reshape(-1, 28, 28, 1) return train_data, test_data # 构建 CNN 模型 def build_model(): model = keras.Sequential([ keras.layers.Conv2D(filters=32, kernel_size=(3, 3), activation='relu', input_shape=(28, 28, 1)), keras.layers.MaxPooling2D(pool_size=(2, 2)), keras.layers.Flatten(), keras.layers.Dense(units=128, activation='relu'), keras.layers.Dense(units=10, activation='softmax') ]) model.compile(optimizer='adam', loss='sparse_categorical_crossentropy', metrics=['accuracy']) return model # 进行数字识别 def recognize_digit(image, model): probabilities = model.predict(image) digit = np.argmax(probabilities) return digit # 主函数 def main(): # 加载数据 train_data, train_labels, test_data = load_data() # 数据预处理 train_data, test_data = preprocess_data(train_data, test_data) # 构建并训练模型 model = build_model() model.fit(train_data, train_labels, epochs=10, batch_size=32) # 进行数字识别 recognized_digit = recognize_digit(test_data, model) print("识别结果:", recognized_digit) if __name__ == '__main__': main()

以下代码出现input depth must be evenly divisible by filter depth: 1 vs 3错误是为什么,代码应该怎么改import tensorflow as tf from keras.models import Sequential from keras.layers import Dense, Dropout, Flatten from keras.layers import Conv2D, MaxPooling2D from keras.optimizers import SGD from keras.utils import np_utils from keras.preprocessing.image import ImageDataGenerator from keras.applications.vgg16 import VGG16 import numpy # 加载FER2013数据集 with open('E:/BaiduNetdiskDownload/fer2013.csv') as f: content = f.readlines() lines = numpy.array(content) num_of_instances = lines.size print("Number of instances: ", num_of_instances) # 定义X和Y X_train, y_train, X_test, y_test = [], [], [], [] # 按行分割数据 for i in range(1, num_of_instances): try: emotion, img, usage = lines[i].split(",") val = img.split(" ") pixels = numpy.array(val, 'float32') emotion = np_utils.to_categorical(emotion, 7) if 'Training' in usage: X_train.append(pixels) y_train.append(emotion) elif 'PublicTest' in usage: X_test.append(pixels) y_test.append(emotion) finally: print("", end="") # 转换成numpy数组 X_train = numpy.array(X_train, 'float32') y_train = numpy.array(y_train, 'float32') X_test = numpy.array(X_test, 'float32') y_test = numpy.array(y_test, 'float32') # 数据预处理 X_train /= 255 X_test /= 255 X_train = X_train.reshape(X_train.shape[0], 48, 48, 1) X_test = X_test.reshape(X_test.shape[0], 48, 48, 1) # 定义VGG16模型 vgg16_model = VGG16(weights='imagenet', include_top=False, input_shape=(48, 48, 3)) # 微调模型 model = Sequential() model.add(vgg16_model) model.add(Flatten()) model.add(Dense(256, activation='relu')) model.add(Dropout(0.5)) model.add(Dense(7, activation='softmax')) for layer in model.layers[:1]: layer.trainable = False # 定义优化器和损失函数 sgd = SGD(lr=0.01, decay=1e-6, momentum=0.9, nesterov=True) model.compile(optimizer=sgd, loss='categorical_crossentropy', metrics=['accuracy']) # 数据增强 datagen = ImageDataGenerator( featurewise_center=False, featurewise_std_normalization=False, rotation_range=20, width_shift_range=0.2, height_shift_range=0.2, horizontal_flip=True) datagen.fit(X_train) # 训练模型 model.fit_generator(datagen.flow(X_train, y_train, batch_size=32), steps_per_epoch=len(X_train) / 32, epochs=10) # 评估模型 score = model.evaluate(X_test, y_test, batch_size=32) print("Test Loss:", score[0]) print("Test Accuracy:", score[1])

import numpy as np import pandas as pd import matplotlib.pyplot as plt from sklearn.preprocessing import MinMaxScaler from keras.models import Sequential from keras.layers import Dense, LSTM from sklearn.metrics import r2_score,median_absolute_error,mean_absolute_error # 读取数据 data = pd.read_csv(r'C:/Users/Ljimmy/Desktop/yyqc/peijian/销量数据rnn.csv') # 取出特征参数 X = data.iloc[:,2:].values # 数据归一化 scaler = MinMaxScaler(feature_range=(0, 1)) X[:, 0] = scaler.fit_transform(X[:, 0].reshape(-1, 1)).flatten() #X = scaler.fit_transform(X) #scaler.fit(X) #X = scaler.transform(X) # 划分训练集和测试集 train_size = int(len(X) * 0.8) test_size = len(X) - train_size train, test = X[0:train_size, :], X[train_size:len(X), :] # 转换为监督学习问题 def create_dataset(dataset, look_back=1): X, Y = [], [] for i in range(len(dataset) - look_back - 1): a = dataset[i:(i + look_back), :] X.append(a) Y.append(dataset[i + look_back, 0]) return np.array(X), np.array(Y) look_back = 12 X_train, Y_train = create_dataset(train, look_back) #Y_train = train[:, 2:] # 取第三列及以后的数据 X_test, Y_test = create_dataset(test, look_back) #Y_test = test[:, 2:] # 取第三列及以后的数据 # 转换为3D张量 X_train = np.reshape(X_train, (X_train.shape[0], X_train.shape[1], 1)) X_test = np.reshape(X_test, (X_test.shape[0], X_test.shape[1], 1)) # 构建LSTM模型 model = Sequential() model.add(LSTM(units=50, return_sequences=True, input_shape=(X_train.shape[1], 1))) model.add(LSTM(units=50)) model.add(Dense(units=1)) model.compile(loss='mean_squared_error', optimizer='adam') model.fit(X_train, Y_train, epochs=5, batch_size=32) #model.fit(X_train, Y_train.reshape(Y_train.shape[0], 1), epochs=10, batch_size=32) # 预测下一个月的销量 last_month_sales = data.tail(12).iloc[:,2:].values #last_month_sales = data.tail(1)[:,2:].values last_month_sales = scaler.transform(last_month_sales) last_month_sales = np.reshape(last_month_sales, (1, look_back, 1)) next_month_sales = model.predict(last_month_sales) next_month_sales = scaler.inverse_transform(next_month_sales) print('Next month sales: %.0f' % next_month_sales[0][0]) # 计算RMSE误差 rmse = np.sqrt(np.mean((next_month_sales - last_month_sales) ** 2)) print('Test RMSE: %.3f' % rmse)IndexError Traceback (most recent call last) Cell In[1], line 36 33 X_test, Y_test = create_dataset(test, look_back) 34 #Y_test = test[:, 2:] # 取第三列及以后的数据 35 # 转换为3D张量 ---> 36 X_train = np.reshape(X_train, (X_train.shape[0], X_train.shape[1], 1)) 37 X_test = np.reshape(X_test, (X_test.shape[0], X_test.shape[1], 1)) 38 # 构建LSTM模型 IndexError: tuple index out of range代码修改

import numpy as np import pandas as pd import tensorflow as tf from sklearn.preprocessing import LabelEncoder from sklearn.model_selection import train_test_split from sklearn.decomposition import PCA from tensorflow.keras.models import Sequential from tensorflow.keras.layers import Conv1D, MaxPooling1D, Flatten, Dense, Dropout, Activation from sklearn.metrics import auc, accuracy_score, f1_score, recall_score # 读入数据 data = pd.read_csv('company_data.csv') X = data.iloc[:, :-1].values y = data.iloc[:, -1].values # 利用LabelEncoder将标签进行编码 encoder = LabelEncoder() y = encoder.fit_transform(y) # 划分训练集和测试集 X_train, X_test, y_train, y_test = train_test_split(X, y, test_size=0.2, random_state=42) # 对特征进行PCA降维 pca = PCA(n_components=17) X_train = pca.fit_transform(X_train) X_test = pca.transform(X_test) # 对数据reshape为符合卷积层输入的格式 X_train = X_train.reshape(-1, 17, 1) X_test = X_test.reshape(-1, 17, 1) # 构建卷积神经网络模型 model = Sequential() model.add(Conv1D(filters=128, kernel_size=3, activation='relu', input_shape=(17, 1))) model.add(Conv1D(filters=128, kernel_size=4, activation='relu')) model.add(Conv1D(filters=128, kernel_size=5, activation='relu')) model.add(MaxPooling1D(pool_size=2)) model.add(Flatten()) model.add(Dense(units=64, activation='relu')) model.add(Dense(units=1, activation='sigmoid')) # 编译模型 model.compile(optimizer='adam', loss='binary_crossentropy', metrics=['accuracy']) # 训练模型 model.fit(X_train, y_train, batch_size=64, epochs=10, validation_data=(X_test, y_test), verbose=1) # 在测试集上评估模型 y_pred = model.predict(X_test) y_pred = np.round(y_pred).flatten() # 计算各项指标 auc_score = auc(y_test, y_pred) accuracy = accuracy_score(y_test, y_pred) f1score = f1_score(y_test, y_pred) recall = recall_score(y_test, y_pred) # 打印输出各项指标 print("AUC score:", auc_score) print("Accuracy:", accuracy) print("F1 score:", f1score) print("Recall:", recall) 这个代码有什么错误

检查下述代码并修改错误import tensorflow as tf from tensorflow.keras.models import Sequential from tensorflow.keras.layers import Conv2D, MaxPooling2D, Flatten, Dense import pandas as pd import numpy as np import cv2 import os 构建模型 model = Sequential() model.add(Conv2D(32, (3, 3), activation='relu', input_shape=(80, 160, 3))) # (None, 80, 160, 3) model.add(MaxPooling2D((2, 2))) model.add(Conv2D(64, (3, 3), activation='relu')) model.add(MaxPooling2D((2, 2))) model.add(Flatten()) model.add(Dense(64, activation='relu')) model.add(Dense(62, activation='softmax')) # 36表示0-9数字和A-Z(a-z)字母的类别数 编译模型 model.compile(optimizer='adam', loss='categorical_crossentropy', metrics=['accuracy']) 验证码图片加载 定义训练数据和标签的文件夹路径 train_data_folder = r'C:\Users\CXY\PycharmProjects\pythonProject\data\train' train_labels_folder = r'C:\Users\CXY\PycharmProjects\pythonProject\data' 加载训练数据 train_data = [] train_labels = pd.read_csv(r'C:\Users\CXY\PycharmProjects\pythonProject\data\traincodes.csv')['code'].values 遍历训练数据文件夹,读取每个图片并添加到训练数据列表 for filename in os.listdir(train_data_folder): img_path = os.path.join(train_data_folder, filename) img = cv2.imread(img_path) train_data.append(img) # 遍历训练标签文件夹,读取每个标签并添加到训练标签列表 for filename in os.listdir(train_labels_folder): label_path = os.path.join(train_labels_folder, filename) label = cv2.imread(label_path, 0) # 读取灰度图像 train_labels.append(label) 转换训练数据和标签为NumPy数组 train_data = np.array(train_data) train_labels = np.array(train_labels) 训练模型 model.fit(train_data, train_labels, epochs=10, batch_size=32) 保存模型 model.save('captcha_model.h5')

import numpy as np import matplotlib.pyplot as plt import pickle as pkl import pandas as pd import tensorflow.keras from tensorflow.keras.models import Sequential, Model, load_model from tensorflow.keras.layers import LSTM, GRU, Dense, RepeatVector, TimeDistributed, Input, BatchNormalization, \ multiply, concatenate, Flatten, Activation, dot from sklearn.metrics import mean_squared_error,mean_absolute_error from tensorflow.keras.optimizers import Adam from tensorflow.python.keras.utils.vis_utils import plot_model from tensorflow.keras.callbacks import EarlyStopping from keras.callbacks import ReduceLROnPlateau df = pd.read_csv('lorenz.csv') signal = df['signal'].values.reshape(-1, 1) x_train_max = 128 signal_normalize = np.divide(signal, x_train_max) def truncate(x, train_len=100): in_, out_, lbl = [], [], [] for i in range(len(x) - train_len): in_.append(x[i:(i + train_len)].tolist()) out_.append(x[i + train_len]) lbl.append(i) return np.array(in_), np.array(out_), np.array(lbl) X_in, X_out, lbl = truncate(signal_normalize, train_len=50) X_input_train = X_in[np.where(lbl <= 9500)] X_output_train = X_out[np.where(lbl <= 9500)] X_input_test = X_in[np.where(lbl > 9500)] X_output_test = X_out[np.where(lbl > 9500)] # Load model model = load_model("model_forecasting_seq2seq_lstm_lorenz.h5") opt = Adam(lr=1e-5, clipnorm=1) model.compile(loss='mean_squared_error', optimizer=opt, metrics=['mae']) #plot_model(model, to_file='model_plot.png', show_shapes=True, show_layer_names=True) # Train model early_stop = EarlyStopping(monitor='val_loss', patience=20, verbose=1, mode='min', restore_best_weights=True) #reduce_lr = ReduceLROnPlateau(monitor='val_loss', factor=0.2, patience=9, verbose=1, mode='min', min_lr=1e-5) #history = model.fit(X_train, y_train, epochs=500, batch_size=128, validation_data=(X_test, y_test),callbacks=[early_stop]) #model.save("lstm_model_lorenz.h5") # 对测试集进行预测 train_pred = model.predict(X_input_train[:, :, :]) * x_train_max test_pred = model.predict(X_input_test[:, :, :]) * x_train_max train_true = X_output_train[:, :] * x_train_max test_true = X_output_test[:, :] * x_train_max # 计算预测指标 ith_timestep = 10 # Specify the number of recursive prediction steps # List to store the predicted steps pred_len =2 predicted_steps = [] for i in range(X_output_test.shape[0]-pred_len+1): YPred =[],temdata = X_input_test[i,:] for j in range(pred_len): Ypred.append (model.predict(temdata)) temdata = [X_input_test[i,j+1:-1],YPred] # Convert the predicted steps into numpy array predicted_steps = np.array(predicted_steps) # Plot the predicted steps #plt.plot(X_output_test[0:ith_timestep], label='True') plt.plot(predicted_steps, label='Predicted') plt.legend() plt.show()

解释下列代码 import numpy as np import pandas as pd #数据文件格式用户id、商品id、评分、时间戳 header = ['user_id', 'item_id', 'rating', 'timestamp'] with open( "u.data", "r") as file_object: df=pd.read_csv(file_object,sep='\t',names=header) #读取u.data文件 print(df) n_users = df.user_id.unique().shape[0] n_items = df.item_id.unique().shape[0] print('Mumber of users = ' + str(n_users) + ' | Number of movies =' + str(n_items)) from sklearn.model_selection import train_test_split train_data, test_data = train_test_split(df, test_size=0.2, random_state=21) train_data_matrix = np.zeros((n_users, n_items)) for line in train_data.itertuples(): train_data_matrix[line[1] - 1, line[2] -1] = line[3] test_data_matrix = np.zeros((n_users, n_items)) for line in test_data.itertuples(): test_data_matrix[line[1] - 1, line[2] - 1] = line[3] print(train_data_matrix.shape) print(test_data_matrix.shape) from sklearn.metrics.pairwise import cosine_similarity #计算用户相似度 user_similarity = cosine_similarity(train_data_matrix) print(u"用户相似度矩阵: ", user_similarity.shape) print(u"用户相似度矩阵: ", user_similarity) def predict(ratings, similarity, type): # 基于用户相似度矩阵的 if type == 'user': mean_user_ratings = ratings.mean(axis=1) ratings_diff = (ratings - mean_user_ratings[:, np.newaxis] ) pred =mean_user_ratings[:, np.newaxis] + np.dot(similarity, ratings_diff)/ np.array( [np.abs(similarity).sum(axis=1)]).T print(u"预测值: ", pred.shape) return pred user_prediction = predict(train_data_matrix, user_similarity, type='user') print(user_prediction) from sklearn.metrics import mean_squared_error from math import sqrt def rmse(prediction, ground_truth): prediction = prediction[ground_truth.nonzero()].flatten() ground_truth = ground_truth[ground_truth.nonzero()].flatten() return sqrt(mean_squared_error(prediction, ground_truth)) print('User-based CF RMSE: ' + str(rmse(user_prediction, test_data_matrix)))

解释下列代码# -*- coding: gbk-*- import numpy as np import pandas as pd header = ['user_id', 'item_id', 'rating', 'timestamp'] with open("u.data", "r") as file_object: df = pd.read_csv(file_object, sep='\t', names=header) print(df) n_users = df.user_id.unique().shape[0] n_items = df.item_id.unique().shape[0] print('Number of users = ' + str(n_users) + ' | Number of movies =' + str(n_items)) from sklearn.model_selection import train_test_split train_data, test_data = train_test_split(df, test_size=0.2, random_state=21) train_data_matrix = np.zeros((n_users, n_items)) for line in train_data.itertuples(): train_data_matrix[line[1] - 1, line[2] -1] = line[3] test_data_matrix = np.zeros((n_users, n_items)) for line in test_data.itertuples(): test_data_matrix[line[1] - 1, line[2] - 1] = line[3] print(train_data_matrix.shape) print(test_data_matrix.shape) from sklearn.metrics.pairwise import cosine_similarity item_similarity = cosine_similarity(train_data_matrix.T) print(u" 物品相似度矩阵 :", item_similarity.shape) print(u"物品相似度矩阵: ", item_similarity) def predict(ratings, similarity, type): # 基于物品相似度矩阵的 if type == 'item': pred = ratings.dot(similarity) / np.array([np.abs(similarity).sum(axis=1)]) print(u"预测值: ", pred.shape) return pred # 预测结果 item_prediction = predict(train_data_matrix, item_similarity, type='item') print(item_prediction) from sklearn.metrics import mean_squared_error from math import sqrt def rmse(prediction, ground_truth): prediction = prediction[ground_truth.nonzero()].flatten() ground_truth = ground_truth[ground_truth.nonzero()].flatten() return sqrt(mean_squared_error(prediction, ground_truth)) item_prediction = np.nan_to_num(item_prediction) print('Item-based CF RMSE: ' + str(rmse(item_prediction, test_data_matrix)))

import pandas as pd import numpy as np import matplotlib.pyplot as plt from keras.models import Model, Input from keras.layers import Conv1D, BatchNormalization, Activation, Add, Flatten, Dense from keras.optimizers import Adam # 读取CSV文件 data = pd.read_csv("3c_left_1-6.csv", header=None) # 将数据转换为Numpy数组 data = data.values # 定义输入形状 input_shape = (data.shape[1], 1) # 定义深度残差网络 def residual_network(inputs): # 第一层卷积层 x = Conv1D(32, 3, padding="same")(inputs) x = BatchNormalization()(x) x = Activation("relu")(x) # 残差块 for i in range(5): y = Conv1D(32, 3, padding="same")(x) y = BatchNormalization()(y) y = Activation("relu")(y) y = Conv1D(32, 3, padding="same")(y) y = BatchNormalization()(y) y = Add()([x, y]) x = Activation("relu")(y) # 全局池化层和全连接层 x = Flatten()(x) x = Dense(128, activation="relu")(x) x = Dense(data.shape[1], activation="linear")(x) outputs = Add()([x, inputs]) return outputs # 构建模型 inputs = Input(shape=input_shape) outputs = residual_network(inputs) model = Model(inputs=inputs, outputs=outputs) # 编译模型 model.compile(loss="mean_squared_error", optimizer=Adam()) # 训练模型 model.fit(data[..., np.newaxis], np.squeeze(data), epochs=100) # 预测数据 predicted_data = model.predict(data[..., np.newaxis]) predicted_data = np.squeeze(predicted_data) # 可视化去噪前后的数据 fig, axs = plt.subplots(3, 1, figsize=(12, 8)) for i in range(3): axs[i].plot(data[:, i], label="Original Signal") axs[i].plot(predicted_data[:, i], label="Denoised Signal") axs[i].legend() plt.savefig("denoised_signal.png") # 将去噪后的数据保存为CSV文件 df = pd.DataFrame(predicted_data, columns=["x", "y", "z"]) df.to_csv("denoised_data.csv", index=False)报错为Traceback (most recent call last): File "G:\project2\main.py", line 51, in <module> model.fit(data[..., np.newaxis], np.squeeze(data), epochs=100) File "G:\python\envs\tensorflow\lib\site-packages\keras\engine\training.py", line 1154, in fit batch_size=batch_size) File "G:\python\envs\tensorflow\lib\site-packages\keras\engine\training.py", line 621, in _standardize_user_data exception_prefix='target') File "G:\python\envs\tensorflow\lib\site-packages\keras\engine\training_utils.py", line 135, in standardize_input_data 'with shape ' + str(data_shape)) ValueError: Error when checking target: expected add_6 to have 3 dimensions, but got array with shape (575206, 3)

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