用C++编写一个通过串口跟VMware的Linux虚拟机通信程序

好的，下面是一个简单的示例程序，用于在Windows系统下通过串口与运行在VMware的Linux虚拟机进行通信。请注意，这个示例程序仅用于演示基本的通信流程，实际使用时需要根据具体需求进行修改和完善。

#include <iostream>
#include <Windows.h>

int main()
{
    HANDLE hSerial = CreateFile("COM1", GENERIC_READ | GENERIC_WRITE, 0, NULL, OPEN_EXISTING, FILE_ATTRIBUTE_NORMAL, NULL);
    if (hSerial == INVALID_HANDLE_VALUE) {
        std::cout << "Failed to open serial port!" << std::endl;
        return -1;
    }

    DCB dcbSerialParams = { 0 };
    dcbSerialParams.DCBlength = sizeof(dcbSerialParams);
    if (!GetCommState(hSerial, &dcbSerialParams)) {
        std::cout << "Failed to get serial port state!" << std::endl;
        CloseHandle(hSerial);
        return -1;
    }

    dcbSerialParams.BaudRate = CBR_9600;
    dcbSerialParams.ByteSize = 8;
    dcbSerialParams.StopBits = ONESTOPBIT;
    dcbSerialParams.Parity = NOPARITY;
    if (!SetCommState(hSerial, &dcbSerialParams)) {
        std::cout << "Failed to set serial port state!" << std::endl;
        CloseHandle(hSerial);
        return -1;
    }

    COMMTIMEOUTS timeouts = { 0 };
    timeouts.ReadIntervalTimeout = 50;
    timeouts.ReadTotalTimeoutConstant = 50;
    timeouts.ReadTotalTimeoutMultiplier = 10;
    if (!SetCommTimeouts(hSerial, &timeouts)) {
        std::cout << "Failed to set serial port timeouts!" << std::endl;
        CloseHandle(hSerial);
        return -1;
    }

    DWORD bytesWritten = 0;
    DWORD bytesRead = 0;
    char readBuffer[256] = { 0 };
    char writeBuffer[] = "Hello from Windows!";
    if (!WriteFile(hSerial, writeBuffer, sizeof(writeBuffer), &bytesWritten, NULL)) {
        std::cout << "Failed to write data to serial port!" << std::endl;
        CloseHandle(hSerial);
        return -1;
    }

    std::cout << "Sent " << bytesWritten << " bytes: " << writeBuffer << std::endl;

    if (!ReadFile(hSerial, readBuffer, sizeof(readBuffer), &bytesRead, NULL)) {
        std::cout << "Failed to read data from serial port!" << std::endl;
        CloseHandle(hSerial);
        return -1;
    }

    std::cout << "Received " << bytesRead << " bytes: " << readBuffer << std::endl;

    CloseHandle(hSerial);
    return 0;
}

在Linux虚拟机上，你可以使用类似以下的C++程序来进行串口通信：

#include <iostream>
#include <unistd.h>
#include <fcntl.h>
#include <termios.h>

int main()
{
    int fd = open("/dev/ttyS0", O_RDWR | O_NOCTTY);
    if (fd == -1) {
        std::cout << "Failed to open serial port!" << std::endl;
        return -1;
    }

    struct termios options;
    tcgetattr(fd, &options);
    cfsetispeed(&options, B9600);
    cfsetospeed(&options, B9600);
    options.c_cflag |= (CLOCAL | CREAD);
    options.c_cflag &= ~PARENB;
    options.c_cflag &= ~CSTOPB;
    options.c_cflag &= ~CSIZE;
    options.c_cflag |= CS8;
    options.c_cflag &= ~CRTSCTS;
    options.c_lflag &= ~(ICANON | ECHO | ECHOE | ISIG);
    options.c_iflag &= ~(IXON | IXOFF | IXANY);
    options.c_oflag &= ~OPOST;
    options.c_cc[VMIN] = 0;
    options.c_cc[VTIME] = 10;
    tcsetattr(fd, TCSANOW, &options);

    char readBuffer[256] = { 0 };
    char writeBuffer[] = "Hello from Linux!";
    int bytesWritten = write(fd, writeBuffer, sizeof(writeBuffer));
    if (bytesWritten == -1) {
        std::cout << "Failed to write data to serial port!" << std::endl;
        close(fd);
        return -1;
    }

    std::cout << "Sent " << bytesWritten << " bytes: " << writeBuffer << std::endl;

    int bytesRead = read(fd, readBuffer, sizeof(readBuffer));
    if (bytesRead == -1) {
        std::cout << "Failed to read data from serial port!" << std::endl;
        close(fd);
        return -1;
    }

    std::cout << "Received " << bytesRead << " bytes: " << readBuffer << std::endl;

    close(fd);
    return 0;
}

需要注意的是，在Linux虚拟机上使用串口通信时，串口设备文件的路径可能会有所不同，具体请根据实际情况进行修改。