pyqt openglwidget中实现旋转缩放移动操作示例

可以使用QOpenGLWidget和QOpenGLFunctions类来实现旋转、缩放和移动操作。以下是一个示例代码：

from PyQt5.QtWidgets import QApplication, QOpenGLWidget
from PyQt5.QtGui import QOpenGLShader, QOpenGLShaderProgram, QOpenGLVertexArrayObject, QOpenGLBuffer
from PyQt5.QtCore import QSize, Qt, QPoint, QPointF
from PyQt5.QtGui import QVector3D, QMatrix4x4
import numpy as np

class OpenGLWidget(QOpenGLWidget):
    def __init__(self, parent=None):
        super().__init__(parent)
        self.vertices = np.array([
            [-0.5, -0.5, 0.0],
            [0.5, -0.5, 0.0],
            [0.0, 0.5, 0.0]
        ], dtype=np.float32)
        self.colors = np.array([
            [1.0, 0.0, 0.0],
            [0.0, 1.0, 0.0],
            [0.0, 0.0, 1.0]
        ], dtype=np.float32)
        self.vao = None
        self.vbo = None
        self.shader_program = None
        self.model_matrix = QMatrix4x4()
        self.view_matrix = QMatrix4x4()
        self.projection_matrix = QMatrix4x4()
        self.last_pos = QPoint()

    def initializeGL(self):
        self.initializeOpenGLFunctions()
        self.createShaders()
        self.createBuffers()
        self.vao = QOpenGLVertexArrayObject(self)
        self.vao.create()
        self.vao.bind()
        self.shader_program.enableAttributeArray(0)
        self.shader_program.setAttributeBuffer(0, Qt.AlignLeft, 0, 3, 0)
        self.shader_program.enableAttributeArray(1)
        self.shader_program.setAttributeBuffer(1, Qt.AlignLeft, self.vertices.nbytes, 3, 0)
        self.vao.release()
        self.shader_program.release()

    def createShaders(self):
        vertex_shader = QOpenGLShader(QOpenGLShader.Vertex, self)
        vertex_shader_source = """
            #version 330 core
            layout (location = 0) in vec3 aPos;
            layout (location = 1) in vec3 aColor;
            out vec3 ourColor;
            uniform mat4 model;
            uniform mat4 view;
            uniform mat4 projection;
            void main()
            {
                gl_Position = projection * view * model * vec4(aPos, 1.0);
                ourColor = aColor;
            }
        """
        vertex_shader.compileSourceCode(vertex_shader_source)

        fragment_shader = QOpenGLShader(QOpenGLShader.Fragment, self)
        fragment_shader_source = """
            #version 330 core
            in vec3 ourColor;
            out vec4 FragColor;
            void main()
            {
                FragColor = vec4(ourColor, 1.0);
            }
        """
        fragment_shader.compileSourceCode(fragment_shader_source)

        self.shader_program = QOpenGLShaderProgram(self)
        self.shader_program.addShader(vertex_shader)
        self.shader_program.addShader(fragment_shader)
        self.shader_program.link()

    def createBuffers(self):
        self.vbo = QOpenGLBuffer(QOpenGLBuffer.VertexBuffer)
        self.vbo.create()
        self.vbo.bind()
        self.vbo.allocate(self.vertices.nbytes + self.colors.nbytes)
        self.vbo.write(0, self.vertices.tobytes())
        self.vbo.write(self.vertices.nbytes, self.colors.tobytes())
        self.vbo.release()

    def resizeGL(self, width, height):
        self.projection_matrix.setToIdentity()
        self.projection_matrix.perspective(45.0, width / height, 0.1, 100.0)

    def paintGL(self):
        self.glClearColor(0.2, 0.3, 0.3, 1.0)
        self.glClear(self.GL_COLOR_BUFFER_BIT | self.GL_DEPTH_BUFFER_BIT)
        self.vao.bind()
        self.shader_program.bind()
        self.shader_program.setUniformValue("model", self.model_matrix)
        self.shader_program.setUniformValue("view", self.view_matrix)
        self.shader_program.setUniformValue("projection", self.projection_matrix)
        self.glDrawArrays(self.GL_TRIANGLES, 0, 3)
        self.shader_program.release()
        self.vao.release()

    def mousePressEvent(self, event):
        self.last_pos = event.pos()

    def mouseMoveEvent(self, event):
        dx = event.x() - self.last_pos.x()
        dy = event.y() - self.last_pos.y()
        if event.buttons() & Qt.LeftButton:
            self.model_matrix.rotate(dy, QVector3D(1, 0, 0))
            self.model_matrix.rotate(dx, QVector3D(0, 1, 0))
            self.update()
        elif event.buttons() & Qt.RightButton:
            self.model_matrix.translate(dx / 100.0, -dy / 100.0, 0)
            self.update()
        elif event.buttons() & Qt.MiddleButton:
            self.model_matrix.translate(0, 0, dy / 100.0)
            self.update()
        self.last_pos = event.pos()

    def wheelEvent(self, event):
        delta = event.angleDelta().y() / 120.0
        self.model_matrix.scale(1 + delta / 10.0)
        self.update()

if __name__ == '__main__':
    app = QApplication([])
    widget = OpenGLWidget()
    widget.resize(800, 600)
    widget.show()
    app.exec_()

这个示例代码实现了一个三角形的绘制，并且支持旋转、缩放和移动操作。可以通过鼠标左键旋转，右键平移，中键移动视角，滚轮缩放。