E: Sub-process /usr/bin/dpkg returned an error code (1)

This error message usually occurs when the dpkg package manager encounters an issue during the installation, upgrade or removal of a package. The error code (1) indicates a generic error that could be caused by various factors such as missing dependencies, corrupt package files or conflicts with other packages.

To fix this error, try the following solutions:

1. Update the package lists and upgrade the system packages using the command:

sudo apt-get update && sudo apt-get upgrade

2. Use the dpkg command with the --configure option to manually configure the package that caused the error. For example:

sudo dpkg --configure -a

This will attempt to configure all the packages that were not properly installed or configured.

3. Remove the problematic package using the dpkg command with the --remove option. For example:

sudo dpkg --remove package-name

Replace package-name with the name of the package that caused the error.

4. Install the missing dependencies using the apt-get command. For example:

sudo apt-get install missing-package-name

Replace missing-package-name with the name of the missing package.

5. If none of the above solutions work, try removing the package and its configuration files completely using the purge option. For example:

sudo apt-get purge package-name

Then try reinstalling the package again.

If none of the above solutions work, you may need to seek further assistance from the package maintainers or the Debian community.