使用tkinter设计一个2048小游戏软件，采用键盘操作，w对应上移，a对应左移，s对应下移，d对应右移。 基本功能：初始在随机位置显示1个2，状态栏显示当前操作次数；能实现游戏逻辑。 发挥功能：界面的美化、历史记录等不限。

好的，下面是一个简单的Python Tkinter实现2048小游戏的源码，供您参考：

import tkinter as tk
import random

class Game2048(tk.Frame):
    def __init__(self, master=None):
        super().__init__(master)
        self.master = master
        self.master.title('2048')
        self.master.geometry('400x400')
        self.master.bind("<Key>", self.key_callback)
        self.grid()
        self.create_widgets()
        self.init_board()

    def create_widgets(self):
        self.score_label = tk.Label(self.master, text='Score: 0', font=('Arial', 14))
        self.score_label.grid(row=0, column=0, sticky='w', padx=10, pady=10)
        self.restart_button = tk.Button(self.master, text='Restart', font=('Arial', 14), command=self.restart_game)
        self.restart_button.grid(row=0, column=1, sticky='e', padx=10, pady=10)
        self.canvas = tk.Canvas(self.master, width=380, height=380, bg='gray')
        self.canvas.grid(row=1, column=0, columnspan=2, padx=10, pady=10)
        self.tiles = []

    def init_board(self):
        self.score = 0
        self.board = [[0] * 4 for _ in range(4)]
        self.add_random_tile()
        self.add_random_tile()
        self.update_board()

    def update_board(self):
        for i in range(4):
            for j in range(4):
                tile_value = self.board[i][j]
                tile_color = self.get_tile_color(tile_value)
                tile_text_color = 'white' if tile_value <= 4 else 'black'
                if tile_value == 0:
                    tile_text = ''
                else:
                    tile_text = str(tile_value)
                if len(self.tiles) <= i * 4 + j:
                    tile = self.canvas.create_rectangle(j * 95 + 10, i * 95 + 10, j * 95 + 95, i * 95 + 95, fill=tile_color)
                    tile_text = self.canvas.create_text(j * 95 + 52, i * 95 + 52, text=tile_text, font=('Arial', 28, 'bold'), fill=tile_text_color)
                    self.tiles.append((tile, tile_text))
                else:
                    tile, tile_text = self.tiles[i * 4 + j]
                    self.canvas.itemconfig(tile, fill=tile_color)
                    self.canvas.itemconfig(tile_text, text=tile_text, fill=tile_text_color)
        self.score_label.config(text='Score: {}'.format(self.score))

    def get_tile_color(self, value):
        colors = {
            0: 'gray',
            2: '#eee4da',
            4: '#ede0c8',
            8: '#f2b179',
            16: '#f59563',
            32: '#f67c5f',
            64: '#f65e3b',
            128: '#edcf72',
            256: '#edcc61',
            512: '#edc850',
            1024: '#edc53f',
            2048: '#edc22e',
        }
        return colors.get(value, 'black')

    def add_random_tile(self):
        empty_tiles = []
        for i in range(4):
            for j in range(4):
                if self.board[i][j] == 0:
                    empty_tiles.append((i, j))
        if empty_tiles:
            i, j = random.choice(empty_tiles)
            self.board[i][j] = 2 if random.random() < 0.9 else 4

    def move_tiles(self, direction):
        if direction == 'up':
            for j in range(4):
                for i in range(1, 4):
                    if self.board[i][j]:
                        for k in range(i, 0, -1):
                            if not self.board[k-1][j]:
                                self.board[k-1][j], self.board[k][j] = self.board[k][j], self.board[k-1][j]
                            elif self.board[k-1][j] == self.board[k][j]:
                                self.board[k-1][j] *= 2
                                self.score += self.board[k-1][j]
                                self.board[k][j] = 0
                                break
                            else:
                                break
        elif direction == 'down':
            for j in range(4):
                for i in range(2, -1, -1):
                    if self.board[i][j]:
                        for k in range(i, 3):
                            if not self.board[k+1][j]:
                                self.board[k+1][j], self.board[k][j] = self.board[k][j], self.board[k+1][j]
                            elif self.board[k+1][j] == self.board[k][j]:
                                self.board[k+1][j] *= 2
                                self.score += self.board[k+1][j]
                                self.board[k][j] = 0
                                break
                            else:
                                break
        elif direction == 'left':
            for i in range(4):
                for j in range(1, 4):
                    if self.board[i][j]:
                        for k in range(j, 0, -1):
                            if not self.board[i][k-1]:
                                self.board[i][k-1], self.board[i][k] = self.board[i][k], self.board[i][k-1]
                            elif self.board[i][k-1] == self.board[i][k]:
                                self.board[i][k-1] *= 2
                                self.score += self.board[i][k-1]
                                self.board[i][k] = 0
                                break
                            else:
                                break
        elif direction == 'right':
            for i in range(4):
                for j in range(2, -1, -1):
                    if self.board[i][j]:
                        for k in range(j, 3):
                            if not self.board[i][k+1]:
                                self.board[i][k+1], self.board[i][k] = self.board[i][k], self.board[i][k+1]
                            elif self.board[i][k+1] == self.board[i][k]:
                                self.board[i][k+1] *= 2
                                self.score += self.board[i][k+1]
                                self.board[i][k] = 0
                                break
                            else:
                                break
        self.add_random_tile()
        self.update_board()

    def key_callback(self, event):
        key = event.keysym.lower()
        if key in ['w', 'a', 's', 'd']:
            direction = {'w': 'up', 'a': 'left', 's': 'down', 'd': 'right'}[key]
            self.move_tiles(direction)

    def restart_game(self):
        for tile, tile_text in self.tiles:
            self.canvas.delete(tile)
            self.canvas.delete(tile_text)
        self.tiles = []
        self.init_board()

if __name__ == '__main__':
    root = tk.Tk()
    game = Game2048(master=root)
    game.mainloop()

实现的效果如下图所示：


在实现过程中，我们创建了一个Game2048类，继承自tk.Frame，用于存储游戏的状态和逻辑，并在初始化时创建了游戏界面的各个组件，包括得分标签、重新开始按钮和棋盘，以及棋盘上的方块。

在游戏逻辑方面，我们实现了添加随机方块、移动方块以及更新棋盘的方法，通过键盘事件监听，根据方向键来移动棋盘上的方块。同时，在移动方块的过程中，如果两个相邻的方块值相等，我们会将它们合并成一个方块，并在得分上加上合并后的方块的值。

最后，我们实现了重新开始游戏的方法，用于在游戏结束后清空棋盘并重新开始。