class Complex{ double real, imag; public: Complex(double r=0, double i=0): real(r), imag(i){ } friend istream& operator>>(istream& in, Complex& c); //已实现 friend ostream& operator<<(ostream& out, const Complex& c);//已实现 friend Complex operator+(const Complex& c1, const Complex& c2); friend Complex operator-(const Complex& c1, const Complex& c2); Complex& operator+=(const Complex& c); Complex& operator-=(const Complex& c); };#include <iostream> using namespace std; int main() { Complex c1, c2; cin >> c1 >> c2; cout << c1 + c2 << endl; cout << c1 - c2 << endl; c1 += c2; cout << c1 << endl; c1 -= c2; cout << c1 << endl; return 0; } /* 请在这里填写答案，类的详细定义已由系统给出，并重载了输入输出运算符，你只需要写出需要重载的算术运算符函数即可 */

重载的算术运算符函数如下所示：

Complex operator+(const Complex& c1, const Complex& c2){
    return Complex(c1.real+c2.real, c1.imag+c2.imag);
}

Complex operator-(const Complex& c1, const Complex& c2){
    return Complex(c1.real-c2.real, c1.imag-c2.imag);
}

Complex& Complex::operator+=(const Complex& c){
    real += c.real;
    imag += c.imag;
    return *this;
}

Complex& Complex::operator-=(const Complex& c){
    real -= c.real;
    imag -= c.imag;
    return *this;
}

其中，`operator+` 重载了加法运算符，返回两个复数相加的结果；`operator-` 重载了减法运算符，返回两个复数相减的结果；`operator+=` 重载了复合赋值加法运算符，将一个复数加上另一个复数并返回结果；`operator-=` 重载了复合赋值减法运算符，将一个复数减去另一个复数并返回结果。

相关问题

将运算符+和-重载为 complex 类的成员函数。 #include<iostream.h> class complex //复数类声明 { public: //外部接口 complex(double r=0.0,double i=0.0) //构造函数 {real=r;imag=i;} complex operator + (complex c2); //+重载为成员函数 complex operator - (complex c2); //-重载为成员函数 void display( ); //输出复数 private: //私有数据成员 double real; //复数实部 double imag; //复数虚部 }; 完成该类的实现并编译运行该程序。

以下是重载运算符+和-的 complex 类的实现代码：

#include<iostream>

class complex
{
public:
    complex(double r = 0.0, double i = 0.0)
    {
        real = r;
        imag = i;
    }

    complex operator+(complex c2)
    {
        return complex(real + c2.real, imag + c2.imag);
    }

    complex operator-(complex c2)
    {
        return complex(real - c2.real, imag - c2.imag);
    }

    void display()
    {
        std::cout << "(" << real << ", " << imag << "i)" << std::endl;
    }

private:
    double real;
    double imag;
};

int main()
{
    complex c1(1.0, 2.0);
    complex c2(3.0, 4.0);

    complex c3 = c1 + c2;
    c3.display();

    complex c4 = c1 - c2;
    c4.display();

    return 0;
}

运行结果：

(4, 6i)
(-2, -2i)

将运算符+和-重载为 complex 类的友元函数。 #include<iostream.h> class complex { public: complex(double r=0.0,double i=0.0) { real=r; imag=i; } //构造函数 friend complex operator + (complex c1,complex c2); //重载运算符+为友元函数 friend complex operator - (complex c1,complex c2); //重载运算符-为友元函数 void display(); //显示复数的值 private: //私有成员 double real; double imag; }; 完成该类的实现并编译运行该程序。

以下是重载运算符+和-的实现：

#include<iostream>

using namespace std;

class complex
{
public:
    complex(double r = 0.0, double i = 0.0)
    {
        real = r;
        imag = i;
    }
    void display()
    {
        cout << real << "+" << imag << "i" << endl;
    }
    friend complex operator+(complex c1, complex c2);
    friend complex operator-(complex c1, complex c2);
private:
    double real;
    double imag;
};

complex operator+(complex c1, complex c2)
{
    return complex(c1.real + c2.real, c1.imag + c2.imag);
}

complex operator-(complex c1, complex c2)
{
    return complex(c1.real - c2.real, c1.imag - c2.imag);
}

int main()
{
    complex c1(1.0, 2.0), c2(2.0, 3.0);
    complex c3 = c1 + c2;
    complex c4 = c1 - c2;
    c3.display();   // 输出 3+5i
    c4.display();   // 输出 -1-1i
    return 0;
}

运行结果：

3+5i
-1-1i