不使用opencv将膨胀后的图像和腐蚀后的图像相减c语言

不使用OpenCV库也可以实现膨胀和腐蚀操作，并且可以通过自定义函数实现对两幅图像的相减操作。以下是实现的示例代码：

#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <string.h>

// 膨胀操作
void dilate(unsigned char *src, unsigned char *dst, int width, int height)
{
    int i, j, k, l;
    unsigned char max_val;
    for (i = 1; i < height - 1; i++)
    {
        for (j = 1; j < width - 1; j++)
        {
            max_val = 0;
            for (k = -1; k <= 1; k++)
            {
                for (l = -1; l <= 1; l++)
                {
                    if (src[(i + k) * width + j + l] > max_val)
                    {
                        max_val = src[(i + k) * width + j + l];
                    }
                }
            }
            dst[i * width + j] = max_val;
        }
    }
}

// 腐蚀操作
void erode(unsigned char *src, unsigned char *dst, int width, int height)
{
    int i, j, k, l;
    unsigned char min_val;
    for (i = 1; i < height - 1; i++)
    {
        for (j = 1; j < width - 1; j++)
        {
            min_val = 255;
            for (k = -1; k <= 1; k++)
            {
                for (l = -1; l <= 1; l++)
                {
                    if (src[(i + k) * width + j + l] < min_val)
                    {
                        min_val = src[(i + k) * width + j + l];
                    }
                }
            }
            dst[i * width + j] = min_val;
        }
    }
}

// 图像相减操作
void subtract(unsigned char *src1, unsigned char *src2, unsigned char *dst, int width, int height)
{
    int i, j;
    for (i = 0; i < height; i++)
    {
        for (j = 0; j < width; j++)
        {
            dst[i * width + j] = abs(src1[i * width + j] - src2[i * width + j]);
        }
    }
}

int main()
{
    // 读取原始图像
    FILE *fp = fopen("lena.raw", "rb");
    if (fp == NULL)
    {
        printf("读取图像失败！\n");
        return -1;
    }
    int width = 512;
    int height = 512;
    unsigned char *srcImage = (unsigned char *)malloc(width * height * sizeof(unsigned char));
    fread(srcImage, sizeof(unsigned char), width * height, fp);
    fclose(fp);

    // 将原始图像转化为灰度图像
    unsigned char *grayImage = (unsigned char *)malloc(width * height * sizeof(unsigned char));
    int i, j;
    for (i = 0; i < height; i++)
    {
        for (j = 0; j < width; j++)
        {
            grayImage[i * width + j] = srcImage[i * width * 3 + j * 3] * 0.299 + srcImage[i * width * 3 + j * 3 + 1] * 0.587 + srcImage[i * width * 3 + j * 3 + 2] * 0.114;
        }
    }

    // 对灰度图像进行膨胀操作
    unsigned char *dilateImage = (unsigned char *)malloc(width * height * sizeof(unsigned char));
    dilate(grayImage, dilateImage, width, height);

    // 对灰度图像进行腐蚀操作
    unsigned char *erodeImage = (unsigned char *)malloc(width * height * sizeof(unsigned char));
    erode(grayImage, erodeImage, width, height);

    // 对膨胀后的图像和腐蚀后的图像进行相减操作
    unsigned char *subtractImage = (unsigned char *)malloc(width * height * sizeof(unsigned char));
    subtract(dilateImage, erodeImage, subtractImage, width, height);

    // 将差值图像保存为raw格式文件
    fp = fopen("subtract.raw", "wb");
    fwrite(subtractImage, sizeof(unsigned char), width * height, fp);
    fclose(fp);

    // 释放内存
    free(srcImage);
    free(grayImage);
    free(dilateImage);
    free(erodeImage);
    free(subtractImage);

    return 0;
}

在上述代码中，我们首先读取原始图像并将其转化为灰度图像，然后使用自定义的`dilate()`和`erode()`函数对灰度图像进行膨胀和腐蚀操作，最后使用自定义的`subtract()`函数对膨胀后的图像和腐蚀后的图像进行相减操作，得到差值图像。最后，我们将差值图像保存为raw格式文件。