编写一个可以将正规式：((ab)|b)(a|(ba)*)a转化为NFA图，并将NFA图输出的python代码

以下是将正规式 ((ab)|b)(a|(ba)*)a 转化为 NFA 图的 Python 代码：

from collections import defaultdict

class NFA:
    def __init__(self, start_state):
        self.states = set()
        self.alphabet = set()
        self.transitions = defaultdict(dict)
        self.start_state = start_state
        self.accept_states = set()

    def add_transition(self, start_state, symbol, end_state):
        self.states.add(start_state)
        self.states.add(end_state)
        self.alphabet.add(symbol)
        self.transitions[start_state][symbol] = end_state

    def add_epsilon_transition(self, start_state, end_state):
        self.states.add(start_state)
        self.states.add(end_state)
        self.transitions[start_state]['epsilon'] = end_state

    def add_accept_state(self, state):
        self.states.add(state)
        self.accept_states.add(state)

    def to_dot(self):
        dot = ['digraph {', 'rankdir=LR;']
        dot.append('"" [shape=none];')
        dot.append('"" -> {} [label="start"]'.format(self.start_state))
        for state in sorted(self.states):
            shape = 'doublecircle' if state in self.accept_states else 'circle'
            dot.append('{} [shape={}];'.format(state, shape))
            for symbol in self.alphabet | {'epsilon'}:
                if symbol in self.transitions[state]:
                    dot.append('{} -> {} [label="{}"];'.format(state, self.transitions[state][symbol], symbol))
        dot.append('}')
        return '\n'.join(dot)

def regex_to_nfa(regex):
    nfa = NFA(0)
    nfa.add_transition(0, 'epsilon', 1)
    for i, symbol in enumerate(regex):
        start_state = i + 1
        end_state = i + 2
        if symbol == 'a':
            nfa.add_transition(start_state, 'a', end_state)
        elif symbol == 'b':
            nfa.add_transition(start_state, 'b', end_state)
        elif symbol == '(':
            j = regex.find(')', i)
            sub_regex = regex[i+1:j]
            sub_nfa, end_state = regex_to_nfa(sub_regex)
            nfa.states |= sub_nfa.states
            nfa.alphabet |= sub_nfa.alphabet
            nfa.transitions.update(sub_nfa.transitions)
            nfa.add_epsilon_transition(start_state, sub_nfa.start_state)
            nfa.add_epsilon_transition(sub_nfa.accept_states.pop(), end_state)
            i = j
        elif symbol == '|':
            nfa.add_epsilon_transition(start_state, i+2)
            nfa.add_epsilon_transition(i+1, end_state)
        elif symbol == '*':
            nfa.add_epsilon_transition(start_state, end_state)
            nfa.add_epsilon_transition(end_state-1, start_state)
        else:
            raise ValueError('invalid symbol: {}'.format(symbol))
    nfa.add_accept_state(end_state)
    return nfa, end_state + 1

nfa, _ = regex_to_nfa('((ab)|b)(a|(ba)*)a')
print(nfa.to_dot())

运行此代码将输出 NFA 图的 Graphviz DOT 代码，您可以使用 Graphviz 软件包将其转换为可视化图形。