将这段代码变成用matlab实现#include<bits/stdc++.h> using namespace std; struct Pos{ int p; int w; int s; int v; int Get(){ return p*8+w*4+s*2+v; } }; Pos Change(Pos a,int i){ if(i==0) a.p=abs(a.p-1); else if(i==1){ //商人和狼 if(a.p==a.w)a.w=abs(a.w-1); a.p=abs(a.p-1); } else if(i==2){ //商人和羊 if(a.p==a.s)a.s=abs(a.s-1); a.p=abs(a.p-1); } else { //商人和菜 if(a.p==a.v)a.v=abs(a.v-1); a.p=abs(a.p-1); } return a; } int Judge(Pos a) { if(a.p==a.s||(a.p==a.w&&a.w==a.v)) return true; return false; } int Judge(Pos a,Pos b){ if(a.w==b.w&&a.p==b.p&&a.s==b.s&&a.v==b.v ) return true; return false; } void GetLength(Pos start,Pos a,Pos *prev){ vector<Pos> path; Pos p = a; path.push_back(p); while (!Judge(p,start)) { path.push_back(prev[p.Get()]); p = prev[p.Get()]; } cout << "Shortest path length: " << path.size()<< endl; cout << "Shortest path: \n"; for (int i = path.size() - 1; i >= 0; i--) { cout << "(" << path[i].p << "," << path[i].w << "," << path[i].s << "," << path[i].v << ") \n"; } cout << endl; } void BFS(Pos start, Pos goal, int* f) { queue<Pos> q; int len = 0; Pos prev[16]; // 用于记录每个状态是由哪个状态转移而来 memset(f, 0, sizeof(f)); q.push(start); prev[start.Get()] = start; f[start.Get()] = 1; while (!q.empty()) { Pos a; a = q.front(); q.pop(); len++; if (Judge(a, goal)) { return GetLength(start,a,prev); } else { for (int i = 0; i < 4; i++) { Pos b; b = Change(a, i); if (Judge(b) && f[b.Get()] == 0) { q.push(b); f[b.Get()] = 1; prev[b.Get()] = a; // 记录当前状态是由哪个状态转移而来 } } } } } int main(){ int pathlength,f[16]; Pos start; Pos goal; start.p=0; start.s=0; start.w=0; start.v=0; goal.p=1; goal.s=1; goal.v=1; goal.w=1; for(int i=0;i<16;i++) f[i]=0; BFS(start,goal,f); return 0; }

好的，以下是用 Matlab 实现的代码：

% 定义结构体 Pos
Pos.p = 0;
Pos.w = 0;
Pos.s = 0;
Pos.v = 0;

% 定义函数 Change
function a = Change(a, i)
    if i == 0
        a.p = abs(a.p - 1);
    elseif i == 1
        if a.p == a.w
            a.w = abs(a.w - 1);
        end
        a.p = abs(a.p - 1);
    elseif i == 2
        if a.p == a.s
            a.s = abs(a.s - 1);
        end
        a.p = abs(a.p - 1);
    else
        if a.p == a.v
            a.v = abs(a.v - 1);
        end
        a.p = abs(a.p - 1);
    end
end

% 定义函数 Judge
function flag = Judge(a, b)
    if a.p == b.p && a.w == b.w && a.s == b.s && a.v == b.v
        flag = true;
    else
        flag = false;
    end
end

% 定义函数 GetLength
function GetLength(start, a, prev)
    path = [];
    p = a;
    path = [path, p];
    while ~Judge(p, start)
        path = [path, prev(p.p*8+p.w*4+p.s*2+p.v+1)];
        p = prev(p.p*8+p.w*4+p.s*2+p.v+1);
    end
    disp(['Shortest path length: ', num2str(length(path))]);
    disp('Shortest path:');
    for i = length(path):-1:1
        disp(['(', num2str(path(i).p), ',', num2str(path(i).w), ',', num2str(path(i).s), ',', num2str(path(i).v), ')']);
    end
end

% 定义函数 BFS
function BFS(start, goal, f)
    q = [];
    len = 0;
    prev = repmat(Pos, 16, 1);
    memset(f, 0, 16);
    q = [q, start];
    prev(start.p*8+start.w*4+start.s*2+start.v+1) = start;
    f(start.p*8+start.w*4+start.s*2+start.v+1) = 1;
    while ~isempty(q)
        a = q(1);
        q(1) = [];
        len = len + 1;
        if Judge(a, goal)
            GetLength(start, a, prev);
            return
        else
            for i = 0:3
                b = Change(a, i);
                if Judge(b) && f(b.p*8+b.w*4+b.s*2+b.v+1) == 0
                    q = [q, b];
                    f(b.p*8+b.w*4+b.s*2+b.v+1) = 1;
                    prev(b.p*8+b.w*4+b.s*2+b.v+1) = a;
                end
            end
        end
    end
end

% 主函数
start.p = 0;
start.s = 0;
start.w = 0;
start.v = 0;
goal.p = 1;
goal.s = 1;
goal.v = 1;
goal.w = 1;
f = zeros(1, 16);
BFS(start, goal, f);

在上面的示例中，我们首先定义了结构体 `Pos`，并分别初始化其四个属性。接着定义了三个函数 `Change`、`Judge` 和 `GetLength`，分别对应原 C++ 代码中的三个函数。最后定义了主函数，在其中初始化起点和终点，并创建一个长度为16的数组 `f` 用于记录状态是否已经访问过。然后调用 `BFS` 函数进行广度优先搜索，找到从起点到终点的最短路径。