train_mse = np.mean((train_predict - y_train) ** 2) test_mse = np.mean((test_predict - y_test) ** 2)详细解释

下面的这段python代码，哪里有错误，修改一下：import numpy as np import matplotlib.pyplot as plt import pandas as pd import torch import torch.nn as nn from torch.autograd import Variable from sklearn.preprocessing import MinMaxScaler training_set = pd.read_csv('CX2-36_1971.csv') training_set = training_set.iloc[:, 1:2].values def sliding_windows(data, seq_length): x = [] y = [] for i in range(len(data) - seq_length): _x = data[i:(i + seq_length)] _y = data[i + seq_length] x.append(_x) y.append(_y) return np.array(x), np.array(y) sc = MinMaxScaler() training_data = sc.fit_transform(training_set) seq_length = 1 x, y = sliding_windows(training_data, seq_length) train_size = int(len(y) * 0.8) test_size = len(y) - train_size dataX = Variable(torch.Tensor(np.array(x))) dataY = Variable(torch.Tensor(np.array(y))) trainX = Variable(torch.Tensor(np.array(x[1:train_size]))) trainY = Variable(torch.Tensor(np.array(y[1:train_size]))) testX = Variable(torch.Tensor(np.array(x[train_size:len(x)]))) testY = Variable(torch.Tensor(np.array(y[train_size:len(y)]))) class LSTM(nn.Module): def init(self, num_classes, input_size, hidden_size, num_layers): super(LSTM, self).init() self.num_classes = num_classes self.num_layers = num_layers self.input_size = input_size self.hidden_size = hidden_size self.seq_length = seq_length self.lstm = nn.LSTM(input_size=input_size, hidden_size=hidden_size, num_layers=num_layers, batch_first=True) self.fc = nn.Linear(hidden_size, num_classes) def forward(self, x): h_0 = Variable(torch.zeros( self.num_layers, x.size(0), self.hidden_size)) c_0 = Variable(torch.zeros( self.num_layers, x.size(0), self.hidden_size)) # Propagate input through LSTM ula, (h_out, _) = self.lstm(x, (h_0, c_0)) h_out = h_out.view(-1, self.hidden_size) out = self.fc(h_out) return out num_epochs = 2000 learning_rate = 0.001 input_size = 1 hidden_size = 2 num_layers = 1 num_classes = 1 lstm = LSTM(num_classes, input_size, hidden_size, num_layers) criterion = torch.nn.MSELoss() # mean-squared error for regression optimizer = torch.optim.Adam(lstm.parameters(), lr=learning_rate) # optimizer = torch.optim.SGD(lstm.parameters(), lr=learning_rate) runn = 10 Y_predict = np.zeros((runn, len(dataY))) # Train the model for i in range(runn): print('Run: ' + str(i + 1)) for epoch in range(num_epochs): outputs = lstm(trainX) optimizer.zero_grad() # obtain the loss function loss = criterion(outputs, trainY) loss.backward() optimizer.step() if epoch % 100 == 0: print("Epoch: %d, loss: %1.5f" % (epoch, loss.item())) lstm.eval() train_predict = lstm(dataX) data_predict = train_predict.data.numpy() dataY_plot = dataY.data.numpy() data_predict = sc.inverse_transform(data_predict) dataY_plot = sc.inverse_transform(dataY_plot) Y_predict[i,:] = np.transpose(np.array(data_predict)) Y_Predict = np.mean(np.array(Y_predict)) Y_Predict_T = np.transpose(np.array(Y_Predict))

在这段代码中，可能存在以下错误： 1. 缺少必要的库或模块。 2. training_set 的文件路径是否正确。...Y_Predict = np.mean(Y_predict, axis=0) Y_Predict_T = np.transpose(np.array(Y_Predict))

修改和补充下列代码得到十折交叉验证的平均auc值和平均aoc曲线，平均分类报告以及平均混淆矩阵 min_max_scaler = MinMaxScaler() X_train1, X_test1 = x[train_id], x[test_id] y_train1, y_test1 = y[train_id], y[test_id] # apply the same scaler to both sets of data X_train1 = min_max_scaler.fit_transform(X_train1) X_test1 = min_max_scaler.transform(X_test1) X_train1 = np.array(X_train1) X_test1 = np.array(X_test1) config = get_config() tree = gcForest(config) tree.fit(X_train1, y_train1) y_pred11 = tree.predict(X_test1) y_pred1.append(y_pred11 X_train.append(X_train1) X_test.append(X_test1) y_test.append(y_test1) y_train.append(y_train1) X_train_fuzzy1, X_test_fuzzy1 = X_fuzzy[train_id], X_fuzzy[test_id] y_train_fuzzy1, y_test_fuzzy1 = y_sampled[train_id], y_sampled[test_id] X_train_fuzzy1 = min_max_scaler.fit_transform(X_train_fuzzy1) X_test_fuzzy1 = min_max_scaler.transform(X_test_fuzzy1) X_train_fuzzy1 = np.array(X_train_fuzzy1) X_test_fuzzy1 = np.array(X_test_fuzzy1) config = get_config() tree = gcForest(config) tree.fit(X_train_fuzzy1, y_train_fuzzy1) y_predd = tree.predict(X_test_fuzzy1) y_pred.append(y_predd) X_test_fuzzy.append(X_test_fuzzy1) y_test_fuzzy.append(y_test_fuzzy1)y_pred = to_categorical(np.concatenate(y_pred), num_classes=3) y_pred1 = to_categorical(np.concatenate(y_pred1), num_classes=3) y_test = to_categorical(np.concatenate(y_test), num_classes=3) y_test_fuzzy = to_categorical(np.concatenate(y_test_fuzzy), num_classes=3) print(y_pred.shape) print(y_pred1.shape) print(y_test.shape) print(y_test_fuzzy.shape) # 深度森林 report1 = classification_report(y_test, y_prprint("DF",report1) report = classification_report(y_test_fuzzy, y_pred) print("DF-F",report) mse = mean_squared_error(y_test, y_pred1) rmse = math.sqrt(mse) print('深度森林RMSE:', rmse) print('深度森林Accuracy:', accuracy_score(y_test, y_pred1)) mse = mean_squared_error(y_test_fuzzy, y_pred) rmse = math.sqrt(mse) print('F深度森林RMSE:', rmse) print('F深度森林Accuracy:', accuracy_score(y_test_fuzzy, y_pred)) mse = mean_squared_error(y_test, y_pred) rmse = math.sqrt(mse) print('F?深度森林RMSE:', rmse) print('F?深度森林Accuracy:', accuracy_score(y_test, y_pred))

mse = mean_squared_error(y_test_fuzzy, y_pred) rmse = math.sqrt(mse) print('F深度森林RMSE:', rmse) print('F深度森林Accuracy:', accuracy_score(y_test_fuzzy, y_pred)) mse = mean_squared_error(y_test, y...

np.random.seed(42) q=np.array(X1[:2928]) w=np.array(x2[:2928]) e=np.array(x3[:2928]) r=np.array(x4[:2928]) t=np.array(x5[:2928]) p=np.array(x6[:2928]) u=np.array(x7[:2928]) eps=np.random.normal(0,0.05,152) X=np.c_[q,w,e,r,t,p,u] beta=[0.1,0.15,0.2,0.5,0.33,0.45,0.6] y=np.dot(X,beta) ''' X_model=sm.add_constant(X) model=sm.OLS(y,X_model) results=model.fit() print(results.summary()) ''' X_train, X_test, y_train, y_test = train_test_split(X, y, test_size=0.2, random_state=42) alpha = 0.1 # 设置岭回归的惩罚参数 ridge = Ridge(alpha=alpha) ridge.fit(X_train, y_train) y_pred = ridge.predict(X_test) mse = mean_squared_error(y_test, y_pred) print('MSE:', mse)那这个代码要怎么修改才可以经过领回归之后再求出参数呢

X_train, X_test, y_train, y_test = train_test_split(X, y, test_size=0.2, random_state=42) 4. 使用岭回归拟合数据： python alpha = 0.1 # 设置岭回归的惩罚参数 ridge = Ridge(alpha=alpha) ridge....

import numpy import numpy as np import matplotlib.pyplot as plt import math import torch from torch import nn from torch.utils.data import DataLoader, Dataset import os os.environ['KMP_DUPLICATE_LIB_OK']='True' dataset = [] for data in np.arange(0, 3, .01): data = math.sin(data * math.pi) dataset.append(data) dataset = np.array(dataset) dataset = dataset.astype('float32') max_value = np.max(dataset) min_value = np.min(dataset) scalar = max_value - min_value print(scalar) dataset = list(map(lambda x: x / scalar, dataset)) def create_dataset(dataset, look_back=3): dataX, dataY = [], [] for i in range(len(dataset) - look_back): a = dataset[i:(i + look_back)] dataX.append(a) dataY.append(dataset[i + look_back]) return np.array(dataX), np.array(dataY) data_X, data_Y = create_dataset(dataset) train_X, train_Y = data_X[:int(0.8 * len(data_X))], data_Y[:int(0.8 * len(data_Y))] test_X, test_Y = data_Y[int(0.8 * len(data_X)):], data_Y[int(0.8 * len(data_Y)):] train_X = train_X.reshape(-1, 1, 3).astype('float32') train_Y = train_Y.reshape(-1, 1, 3).astype('float32') test_X = test_X.reshape(-1, 1, 3).astype('float32') train_X = torch.from_numpy(train_X) train_Y = torch.from_numpy(train_Y) test_X = torch.from_numpy(test_X) class RNN(nn.Module): def init(self, input_size, hidden_size, output_size=1, num_layer=2): super(RNN, self).init() self.input_size = input_size self.hidden_size = hidden_size self.output_size = output_size self.num_layer = num_layer self.rnn = nn.RNN(input_size, hidden_size, batch_first=True) self.linear = nn.Linear(hidden_size, output_size) def forward(self, x): out, h = self.rnn(x) out = self.linear(out[0]) return out net = RNN(3, 20) criterion = nn.MSELoss(reduction='mean') optimizer = torch.optim.Adam(net.parameters(), lr=1e-2) train_loss = [] test_loss = [] for e in range(1000): pred = net(train_X) loss = criterion(pred, train_Y) optimizer.zero_grad() # 反向传播 loss.backward() optimizer.step() if (e + 1) % 100 == 0: print('Epoch:{},loss:{:.10f}'.format(e + 1, loss.data.item())) train_loss.append(loss.item()) plt.plot(train_loss, label='train_loss') plt.legend() plt.show()请适当修改代码，并写出预测值和真实值的代码

test_X, test_Y = data_Y[int(0.8 * len(data_X)):], data_Y[int(0.8 * len(data_Y)):] train_X = train_X.reshape(-1, 1, 3).astype('float32') train_Y = train_Y.reshape(-1, 1, 1).astype('float32') test_X...

TypeError Traceback (most recent call last) Cell In[62], line 3 1 train_x,test_x,train_y,test_y=train_test_split(X,Y,test_size=0.2,random_state=0) 2 model=LinearRegression().fit(train_x,train_y) ----> 3 y_pred=reg.predict(train_x) 4 mse_train=mean_square_error(train_y,y_pred) 5 print(f"模型偏置：{np.round(reg.intercept_,2)}") TypeError: LinearModel.predict() missing 1 required positional argument: 'X'

在你的代码中，出现了一个错误。在第3行中，你使用了 ...mse_train = mean_square_error(train_y, y_pred) print(f"模型偏置：{np.round(model.intercept_, 2)}") 请检查你的代码并使用正确的模型对象进行预测。

import numpy as np from sklearn import datasets from sklearn.linear_model import LinearRegression np.random.seed(10) class Newton(object): def init(self,epochs=50): self.W = None self.epochs = epochs def get_loss(self, X, y, W,b): """ 计算损失 0.5sum(y_pred-y)^2 input: X(2 dim np.array):特征 y(1 dim np.array):标签 W(2 dim np.array):线性回归模型权重矩阵 output：损失函数值 """ #print(np.dot(X,W)) loss = 0.5np.sum((y - np.dot(X,W)-b)2) return loss def first_derivative(self,X,y): """ 计算一阶导数g = (y_pred - y)*x input: X(2 dim np.array):特征 y(1 dim np.array):标签 W(2 dim np.array):线性回归模型权重矩阵 output：损失函数值 """ y_pred = np.dot(X,self.W) + self.b g = np.dot(X.T, np.array(y_pred - y)) g_b = np.mean(y_pred-y) return g,g_b def second_derivative(self,X,y): """ 计算二阶导数 Hij = sum(X.T[i]X.T[j]) input: X(2 dim np.array):特征 y(1 dim np.array):标签 output：损失函数值 """ H = np.zeros(shape=(X.shape[1],X.shape[1])) H = np.dot(X.T, X) H_b = 1 return H, H_b def fit(self, X, y): """ 线性回归 y = WX + b拟合，牛顿法求解 input: X(2 dim np.array):特征 y(1 dim np.array):标签 output：拟合的线性回归 """ self.W = np.random.normal(size=(X.shape[1])) self.b = 0 for epoch in range(self.epochs): g,g_b = self.first_derivative(X,y) # 一阶导数 H,H_b = self.second_derivative(X,y) # 二阶导数 self.W = self.W - np.dot(np.linalg.pinv(H),g) self.b = self.b - 1/H_bg_b print("itration:{} ".format(epoch), "loss:{:.4f}".format( self.get_loss(X, y , self.W,self.b))) def predict(): """ 需要自己实现的代码 """ pass def normalize(x): return (x - np.min(x))/(np.max(x) - np.min(x)) if name == "main": np.random.seed(2) X = np.random.rand(100,5) y = np.sum(X3 + X**2,axis=1) print(X.shape, y.shape) # 归一化 X_norm = normalize(X) X_train = X_norm[:int(len(X_norm)0.8)] X_test = X_norm[int(len(X_norm)0.8):] y_train = y[:int(len(X_norm)0.8)] y_test = y[int(len(X_norm)0.8):] # 牛顿法求解回归问题 newton=Newton() newton.fit(X_train, y_train) y_pred = newton.predict(X_test,y_test) print(0.5np.sum((y_test - y_pred)2)) reg = LinearRegression().fit(X_train, y_train) y_pred = reg.predict(X_test) print(0.5np.sum((y_test - y_pred)2)) ——修改代码中的问题，并补全缺失的代码，实现牛顿最优化算法

print("Linear Regression MSE: ", 0.5 * np.sum((y_test - y_pred) ** 2)) 在这个修改后的代码中，我主要做了以下几个修改和补充： 1. 在 __init__ 函数中，添加了 self.b = None，用于存储线性回归模型...

arr0 = np.array([1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20, 21, 22, 23, 24]) arr1 = np.array([1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20, 21, 22, 23, 24]) arr3 = np.array(input("请输入连续24个月的配件销售数据，元素之间用空格隔开：").split(), dtype=float) data_array = np.vstack((arr1, arr3)) data_matrix = data_array.T data = pd.DataFrame(data_matrix, columns=['month', 'sales']) sales = data['sales'].values.astype(np.float32) sales_mean = sales.mean() sales_std = sales.std() sales = abs(sales - sales_mean) / sales_std train_data = sales[:-1] test_data = sales[-12:] def create_model(): model = tf.keras.Sequential() model.add(layers.Input(shape=(11, 1))) model.add(layers.Conv1D(filters=32, kernel_size=2, padding='causal', activation='relu')) model.add(layers.BatchNormalization()) model.add(layers.Conv1D(filters=64, kernel_size=2, padding='causal', activation='relu')) model.add(layers.BatchNormalization()) model.add(layers.Conv1D(filters=128, kernel_size=2, padding='causal', activation='relu')) model.add(layers.BatchNormalization()) model.add(layers.Conv1D(filters=256, kernel_size=2, padding='causal', activation='relu')) model.add(layers.BatchNormalization()) model.add(layers.Conv1D(filters=512, kernel_size=2, padding='causal', activation='relu')) model.add(layers.BatchNormalization()) model.add(layers.Dense(1, activation='linear')) return model model = create_model() BATCH_SIZE = 16 BUFFER_SIZE = 100 train_dataset = tf.data.Dataset.from_tensor_slices(train_data) train_dataset = train_dataset.window(11, shift=1, drop_remainder=True) train_dataset = train_dataset.flat_map(lambda window: window.batch(11)) train_dataset = train_dataset.map(lambda window: (window[:-1], window[-1:])) train_dataset = train_dataset.shuffle(BUFFER_SIZE).batch(BATCH_SIZE).prefetch(1) model.compile(optimizer=tf.keras.optimizers.Adam(learning_rate=0.001), loss='mse') history = model.fit(train_dataset, epochs=100, verbose=0) test_input = test_data[:-1] test_input = np.reshape(test_input, (1, 11, 1)) predicted_sales = model.predict(test_input)[0][0] * sales_std + sales_mean test_prediction = model.predict(test_input) y_test=test_data[1:12] y_pred=test_prediction y_pred = test_prediction.ravel() print("预测下一个月的销量为：", predicted_sales)，如何将以下代码稍作修改插入到上面的最后，def comput_acc(real,predict,level): num_error=0 for i in range(len(real)): if abs(real[i]-predict[i])/real[i]>level: num_error+=1 return 1-num_error/len(real) a=np.array(test_data[label]) real_y=a real_predict=test_predict print("置信水平：{},预测准确率：{}".format(0.2,round(comput_acc(real_y,real_predict,0.2)* 100,2)),"%")

print("置信水平：{},预测准确率：{}".format(0.2, round(comput_acc(real_y, real_predict, 0.2) * 100, 2)), "%") 这段代码的作用是，首先定义标签为 0，即选取测试数据中的第一列数据（即销售数据）。然后，...

from sklearn.linear_model import Lasso lass = Lasso(alpha=0.01, max_iter=3000) lass.fit(x_train, np.log(y_train)) predt = lass.predict(x_test) mean_squared_log_error(np.exp(predt),y_test, squared=False)

在这段代码中存在两个问题： 1. 缺少导入必要的模块：在代码的开头...mse = mean_squared_error(np.exp(predt), y_test) rmse = np.sqrt(mse) 其中 rmse 表示均方根误差，是一个更为常用的回归模型评估指标。

class KnnRegressorCV: def init(self, ks=list(range(1, 21)), cv=LFold(5)): self.ks = ks self.cv = cv # YOUR CODE HERE def fit(self, x, y): df = pd.DataFrame(columns=["KValue", "LFoldID", "MSE_train", "MSE_test"]) count = 0 for k in self.ks: for index, each in enumerate(self.cv.split(x, y)): mse_train, mse_test = runknn(k, each[0], each[1], each[2].reshape(-1), each[3].reshape(-1)) df.at[count, "KValue"] = k df.at[count, "LFoldID"] = index df.at[count, "MSE_train"] = mse_train df.at[count, "MSE_test"] = mse_test count += 1 self.bestK = find_best_k(df, self.ks) self.y_train_ = y self.x_train_kdtree_ = KDTree(x) print("bestK internal:", self.bestK) return self # YOUR CODE HERE def predict(self, x): _, neighbours = self.x_train_kdtree_.query(x, k=self.bestK) neighbours = neighbours.reshape(len(x), self.k) neighbour_labels = self.y_train_[neighbours] pred = np.mean(neighbour_labels, axis=1) return pred给这段代码加注释

mse_train, mse_test = runknn(k, each[0], each[1], each[2].reshape(-1), each[3].reshape(-1)) # 将评估结果存入数据框 df.at[count, "KValue"] = k df.at[count, "LFoldID"] = index df.at[count, "MSE_...

X = data.iloc[:, :-1].values y = data.iloc[:, -1:].values X_train, X_test, y_train, y_test = train_test_split(X, y, test_size=0.2, random_state=42) # 训练模型 input_dim=13 hidden_dim=25 output_dim=1 nn=NeuralNetwork(input_dim, hidden_dim, output_dim) learning_rate=0.0016 num_epochs=2000 loss_history=nn.train(X, y, learning_rate, num_epochs) plt.plot(loss_history) plt.title('loss') plt.xlabel('Epoch') plt.ylabel('MSE')根据此代码写预测代码

data_pred = (data_pred - np.mean(X_train, axis=0)) / np.std(X_train, axis=0) # 将预测数据转化为 NumPy 数组 data_pred = data_pred.iloc[:, :-1].values # 使用训练好的神经网络模型对预测数据进行预测 y_...

import tensorflow as tf import numpy as np import matplotlib.pyplot as plt import pandas as pd from sklearn.utils import shuffle from sklearn.preprocessing import scale df = pd.read_csv("C:\\boston.csv",header=0) ds = df.values from sklearn.datasets import load_boston boston = load_boston() X = boston.data y = boston.target from sklearn.model_selection import train_test_split X_train, X_test, y_train, y_test = train_test_split(X, y, test_size=0.2, random_state=42) from sklearn.preprocessing import StandardScaler scaler = StandardScaler() X_train = scaler.fit_transform(X_train) X_test = scaler.transform(X_test) from tensorflow.keras.models import Sequential from tensorflow.keras.layers import Dense model = Sequential([ Dense(64, activation='relu', input_shape=(X_train.shape[1],)), Dense(64, activation='relu'), Dense(64, activation='relu'), Dense(1) ]) model.compile(loss='mean_squared_error', optimizer='adam') history = model.fit(X_train, y_train, validation_split=0.1, epochs=100, batch_size=32) from sklearn.metrics import mean_squared_error y_pred = model.predict(x_test)mse = mean_squared_error(y_test, y_pred)print('MSE:’, mse) import matplotlib.pyplot as plt plt.plot(history.history['accuracy'], label='train') plt.plot(history.history['val_accuracy'], label='validation') plt.legend() plt.show()

X_train, X_test, y_train, y_test = train_test_split(X, y, test_size=0.2, random_state=42) 对训练集和测试集进行标准化处理： from sklearn.preprocessing import StandardScaler scaler = ...

from sklearn.datasets import load_boston import numpy as np import pandas as pd data=pd.read_csv('./data_picture/chapter1/boston_house_prices.csv') data.head() from sklearn.model_selection import train_test_split X=data.drop('MEDV',axis=1) y=data['MEDV'] X=X.values y=y.values X_train,X_test,y_train,y_test=train_test_split(X,y,random_state=33,test_size=0.25) from sklearn.preprocessing import StandardScaler ss_X=StandardScaler() scaler_X=ss_X.fit(X_train) X_train=scaler_X.transform(X_train) X_test=scaler_X.transform(X_test) from sklearn.neural_network import MLPRegressor model = MLPRegressor(solver='lbfgs', hidden_layer_sizes=(15,15), random_state=1) model.fit(X_train, y_train) from sklearn.metrics import r2_score,mean_squared_error,mean_absolute_error print('训练集回归评估指标：') model_score1=model.score(X_train,y_train) print('The accuracy of train data is',model_score1) print('测试集回归评估指标：') model_score2=model.score(X_test,y_test) print('The accuracy of test data is',model_score2) y_test_predict=model.predict(X_test) mse=mean_squared_error(y_test,y_test_predict) print('The value of mean_squared_error:',mse) mae=mean_absolute_error(y_test,y_test_predict) print('The value of mean_absolute_error:',mae)解析一下这段代码

8. 使用fit()函数对模型进行训练，输入训练集的特征数据X_train和目标数据y_train。 9. 从sklearn.metrics模块中导入r2_score、mean_squared_error和mean_absolute_error函数，用于评估模型的性能。 10. 分别使用...

import numpy as np import pandas as pd import matplotlib.pyplot as plt import BPNN from sklearn import metrics from sklearn.metrics import mean_absolute_error from sklearn.metrics import mean_squared_error #导入必要的库 df1=pd.read_excel(r'D:\Users\Desktop\大数据\44.xls',0) df1=df1.iloc[:,:] #进行数据归一化 from sklearn import preprocessing min_max_scaler = preprocessing.MinMaxScaler() df0=min_max_scaler.fit_transform(df1) df = pd.DataFrame(df0, columns=df1.columns) x=df.iloc[:,:4] y=df.iloc[:,-1] #划分训练集测试集 cut=4#取最后cut=30天为测试集 x_train, x_test=x.iloc[4:],x.iloc[:4]#列表的切片操作，X.iloc[0:2400，0:7]即为1-2400行，1-7列 y_train, y_test=y.iloc[4:],y.iloc[:4] x_train, x_test=x_train.values, x_test.values y_train, y_test=y_train.values, y_test.values #神经网络搭建 bp1 = BPNN.BPNNRegression([4, 16, 1]) train_data=[[sx.reshape(4,1),sy.reshape(1,1)] for sx,sy in zip(x_train,y_train)] test_data = [np.reshape(sx,(4,1))for sx in x_test] #神经网络训练 bp1.MSGD(train_data, 1000, len(train_data), 0.2) #神经网络预测 y_predict=bp1.predict(test_data) y_pre = np.array(y_predict) # 列表转数组 y_pre=y_pre.reshape(4,1) y_pre=y_pre[:,0] #画图 #展示在测试集上的表现 draw=pd.concat([pd.DataFrame(y_test),pd.DataFrame(y_pre)],axis=1); draw.iloc[:,0].plot(figsize=(12,6)) draw.iloc[:,1].plot(figsize=(12,6)) plt.legend(('real', 'predict'),loc='upper right',fontsize='15') plt.title("Test Data",fontsize='30') #添加标题 #输出精度指标 print('测试集上的MAE/MSE') print(mean_absolute_error(y_pre, y_test)) print(mean_squared_error(y_pre, y_test) ) mape = np.mean(np.abs((y_pre-y_test)/(y_test)))*100 print('=============mape==============') print(mape,'%') # 画出真实数据和预测数据的对比曲线图 print("R2 = ",metrics.r2_score(y_test, y_pre)) # R2 运行上述程序。在下面这一步中draw=pd.concat([pd.DataFrame(y_test),pd.DataFrame(y_pre)],axis=1);我需要将归一化的数据变成真实值，输出对比图，该怎么修改程序

mape = np.mean(np.abs((y_predict-y_test)/(y_test)))*100 print('=============mape==============') print(mape,'%') # 输出R2分数 print("R2 = ", metrics.r2_score(y_test, y_predict)) 在此代码中，我们...

import numpy as np import pandas as pd import tensorflow as tf from sklearn.preprocessing import MinMaxScaler from sklearn.metrics import r2_score,median_absolute_error,mean_absolute_error # 读取数据 data = pd.read_csv(r'C:/Users/Ljimmy/Desktop/yyqc/peijian/销量数据rnn.csv') dataset = data.values # 数据归一化 scaler = MinMaxScaler(feature_range=(0, 1)) dataset = scaler.fit_transform(dataset) # 分割训练集和测试集 train_size = int(len(dataset) * 0.67) test_size = len(dataset) - train_size train, test = dataset[0:train_size, :], dataset[train_size:len(dataset), :] # 将数据集转化为适合GRU的数据格式 def create_dataset(dataset): X, Y = [], [] for i in range(len(dataset)-1): a = dataset[i:(i+1), :] X.append(a) Y.append(dataset[i+1, :]) return np.array(X), np.array(Y) train_X, train_Y = create_dataset(train) train_Y = train_Y[:, 2:] # 取第三列及以后的数据 test_X, test_Y = create_dataset(test) test_Y = test_Y[:, 2:] # 取第三列及以后的数据 # 定义GRU模型 model = tf.keras.Sequential([ tf.keras.layers.GRU(units=64, return_sequences=True, input_shape=(1, 3)), tf.keras.layers.GRU(units=32), tf.keras.layers.Dense(3)]) # 编译模型 model.compile(optimizer='adam', loss='mse') # 训练模型 model.fit(train_X, train_Y, epochs=100, batch_size=16, verbose=2) # 预测测试集 test_predict = model.predict(test_X) test_predict = scaler.inverse_transform(test_predict) #test_Y = scaler.inverse_transform(test_Y.reshape(-1, 1)) # 计算RMSE误差 rmse = np.sqrt(np.mean((test_predict - test_Y) ** 2)) print('Test RMSE:',rmse) # 预测下一个月的销量 last_month_sales = data.tail(1).values last_month_sales = scaler.transform(last_month_sales) next_month_sales = model.predict(np.array([last_month_sales])) next_month_sales = scaler.inverse_transform(next_month_sales) print('Next month sales:',next_month_sales[0][0])预测结果不够准确，如何增加准确率

2. 调整模型参数：可以尝试调整GRU模型的参数，如增加或减少GRU层的数量、增加或减少神经元的数量等，以寻找最优的模型参数组合。 3. 对数据进行更详细的分析：可以对原始数据进行更详细的分析，找到影响销量的因素...

train_mse = np.mean((train_predict - y_train) 2) test_mse = np.mean((test_predict - y_test) 2)详细解释

train_mse = np.mean((train_predict - y_train) 2) test_mse = np.mean((test_predict - y_test) 2)

相关推荐

train_mse = np.mean((train_predict - y_train) ** 2) test_mse = np.mean((test_predict - y_test) ** 2)详细解释

train_mse = np.mean((train_predict - y_train) ** 2) test_mse = np.mean((test_predict - y_test) ** 2)

相关推荐

Linear_Regression_Model

colab_sklearn:学习在Python中使用ML工具

boston_prices:波士顿房屋价格数据集实践

from sklearn.linear_model import Lasso lass = Lasso(alpha=0.01, max_iter=3000) lass.fit(x_train, np.log(y_train)) predt = lass.predict(x_test) mean_squared_log_error(np.exp(predt),y_test, squared=False)

最新推荐

计算机基础知识试题与解答

管理建模和仿真的文件

【进阶】音频处理基础：使用Librosa

设置ansible 开机自启

计算机基础知识试题与解析

"互动学习：行动中的多样性与论文攻读经历"

【基础】网络编程入门：使用HTTP协议

时间序列大模型的研究进展

计算机基础知识试题与解析

关系数据表示学习

train_mse = np.mean((train_predict - y_train) 2) test_mse = np.mean((test_predict - y_test) 2)详细解释

train_mse = np.mean((train_predict - y_train) 2) test_mse = np.mean((test_predict - y_test) 2)