运用C++语言描述书籍类、图书类型类、图书类，每一个类应包含数据成员和成员函数。设计基类和派生类，并运用多态性和虚函数的知识。本课程设计要实现的主要功能如下： 1）建立书籍类、图书类型类、图书类 2）书籍、图书类型、图书信息的初始化 3）书籍、图书类型、图书信息的添加、修改、删除、查找 4）图书信息的输出 5）对图书信息按编号、书名排序 6）将图书信息保存为文件

好的，我可以为您解答这个问题。首先，我们需要定义三个类：书籍类（Book）、图书类型类（BookType）和图书类（Library）。其中，Book类和BookType类都是Library类的派生类。

Book类的数据成员包括：书名、作者、出版社、出版日期、价格和编号。成员函数包括：构造函数、析构函数、设置和获取书名、作者、出版社、出版日期、价格和编号的函数。

BookType类的数据成员包括：类型名称和类型编号。成员函数包括：构造函数、析构函数、设置和获取类型名称和类型编号的函数。

Library类的数据成员包括：书籍的数量、书籍数组、图书类型数组。成员函数包括：构造函数、析构函数、添加、修改、删除、查找图书信息的函数、按编号、书名排序的函数以及将图书信息保存为文件的函数。

在Book和BookType类中，我们可以使用虚函数来实现多态性。例如，在Book类中定义一个虚函数PrintInfo()，在Book的派生类中重写这个函数以输出不同的信息。

下面是一个示例代码：

#include<iostream>
#include<fstream>
#include<algorithm>
#include<string>

using namespace std;

class BookType
{
public:
    BookType(string name, int id);
    virtual ~BookType();
    void SetName(string name);
    string GetName();
    void SetId(int id);
    int GetId();

private:
    string m_name;
    int m_id;
};

BookType::BookType(string name, int id)
{
    m_name = name;
    m_id = id;
}

BookType::~BookType()
{
}

void BookType::SetName(string name)
{
    m_name = name;
}

string BookType::GetName()
{
    return m_name;
}

void BookType::SetId(int id)
{
    m_id = id;
}

int BookType::GetId()
{
    return m_id;
}

class Book
{
public:
    Book(string name, string author, string publisher, string date, double price, int id, BookType* type);
    virtual ~Book();
    void SetName(string name);
    string GetName();
    void SetAuthor(string author);
    string GetAuthor();
    void SetPublisher(string publisher);
    string GetPublisher();
    void SetDate(string date);
    string GetDate();
    void SetPrice(double price);
    double GetPrice();
    void SetId(int id);
    int GetId();
    void SetType(BookType* type);
    BookType* GetType();
    virtual void PrintInfo();

private:
    string m_name;
    string m_author;
    string m_publisher;
    string m_date;
    double m_price;
    int m_id;
    BookType* m_type;
};

Book::Book(string name, string author, string publisher, string date, double price, int id, BookType* type)
{
    m_name = name;
    m_author = author;
    m_publisher = publisher;
    m_date = date;
    m_price = price;
    m_id = id;
    m_type = type;
}

Book::~Book()
{
}

void Book::SetName(string name)
{
    m_name = name;
}

string Book::GetName()
{
    return m_name;
}

void Book::SetAuthor(string author)
{
    m_author = author;
}

string Book::GetAuthor()
{
    return m_author;
}

void Book::SetPublisher(string publisher)
{
    m_publisher = publisher;
}

string Book::GetPublisher()
{
    return m_publisher;
}

void Book::SetDate(string date)
{
    m_date = date;
}

string Book::GetDate()
{
    return m_date;
}

void Book::SetPrice(double price)
{
    m_price = price;
}

double Book::GetPrice()
{
    return m_price;
}

void Book::SetId(int id)
{
    m_id = id;
}

int Book::GetId()
{
    return m_id;
}

void Book::SetType(BookType* type)
{
    m_type = type;
}

BookType* Book::GetType()
{
    return m_type;
}

void Book::PrintInfo()
{
    cout << "书名：" << m_name << endl;
    cout << "作者：" << m_author << endl;
    cout << "出版社：" << m_publisher << endl;
    cout << "出版日期：" << m_date << endl;
    cout << "价格：" << m_price << endl;
    cout << "编号：" << m_id << endl;
    cout << "类型：" << m_type->GetName() << endl;
}

class Library
{
public:
    Library();
    ~Library();
    void AddBook(Book* book);
    void ModifyBook(int id);
    void DeleteBook(int id);
    Book* FindBook(int id);
    void SortById();
    void SortByName();
    void SaveToFile(string filename);

private:
    int m_numBooks;
    Book* m_books[100];
    BookType* m_types[10];
    int m_numTypes;
};

Library::Library()
{
    m_numBooks = 0;
    m_numTypes = 0;
}

Library::~Library()
{
    for (int i = 0; i < m_numBooks; i++)
    {
        delete m_books[i];
    }

    for (int i = 0; i < m_numTypes; i++)
    {
        delete m_types[i];
    }
}

void Library::AddBook(Book* book)
{
    m_books[m_numBooks] = book;
    m_numBooks++;
}

void Library::ModifyBook(int id)
{
    Book* book = FindBook(id);

    if (book != NULL)
    {
        string name, author, publisher, date;
        double price;
        BookType* type;

        cout << "请输入书名：";
        cin >> name;
        book->SetName(name);

        cout << "请输入作者：";
        cin >> author;
        book->SetAuthor(author);

        cout << "请输入出版社：";
        cin >> publisher;
        book->SetPublisher(publisher);

        cout << "请输入出版日期：";
        cin >> date;
        book->SetDate(date);

        cout << "请输入价格：";
        cin >> price;
        book->SetPrice(price);

        cout << "请选择类型：" << endl;

        for (int i = 0; i < m_numTypes; i++)
        {
            cout << i + 1 << "、" << m_types[i]->GetName() << endl;
        }

        int choice;
        cin >> choice;

        if (choice >= 1 && choice <= m_numTypes)
        {
            type = m_types[choice - 1];
            book->SetType(type);
        }
        else
        {
            cout << "选择的类型不存在！" << endl;
        }
    }
    else
    {
        cout << "未找到编号为" << id << "的图书！" << endl;
    }
}

void Library::DeleteBook(int id)
{
    Book* book = FindBook(id);

    if (book != NULL)
    {
        int index = -1;

        for (int i = 0; i < m_numBooks; i++)
        {
            if (m_books[i]->GetId() == id)
            {
                index = i;
                break;
            }
        }

        if (index != -1)
        {
            delete m_books[index];

            for (int i = index; i < m_numBooks - 1; i++)
            {
                m_books[i] = m_books[i + 1];
            }

            m_numBooks--;
        }
    }
    else
    {
        cout << "未找到编号为" << id << "的图书！" << endl;
    }
}

Book* Library::FindBook(int id)
{
    for (int i = 0; i < m_numBooks; i++)
    {
        if (m_books[i]->GetId() == id)
        {
            return m_books[i];
        }
    }

    return NULL;
}

void Library::SortById()
{
    sort(m_books, m_books + m_numBooks, [](Book* a, Book* b) {return a->GetId() < b->GetId(); });
}

void Library::SortByName()
{
    sort(m_books, m_books + m_numBooks, [](Book* a, Book* b) {return a->GetName() < b->GetName(); });
}

void Library::SaveToFile(string filename)
{
    ofstream fout(filename);

    for (int i = 0; i < m_numBooks; i++)
    {
        fout << m_books[i]->GetName() << " ";
        fout << m_books[i]->GetAuthor() << " ";
        fout << m_books[i]->GetPublisher() << " ";
        fout << m_books[i]->GetDate() << " ";
        fout << m_books[i]->GetPrice() << " ";
        fout << m_books[i]->GetId() << " ";
        fout << m_books[i]->GetType()->GetName() << endl;
    }

    fout.close();
}

int main()
{
    Library lib;

    BookType* type1 = new BookType("计算机科学", 1);
    BookType* type2 = new BookType("物理学", 2);
    BookType* type3 = new BookType("历史", 3);

    lib.m_types[0] = type1;
    lib.m_types[1] = type2;
    lib.m_types[2] = type3;
    lib.m_numTypes = 3;

    Book* book1 = new Book("C++程序设计", "谭浩强", "清华大学出版社", "2012-09-01", 45.0, 1, type1);
    Book* book2 = new Book("计算物理学", "周加村", "高等教育出版社", "2015-06-01", 38.0, 2, type2);
    Book* book3 = new Book("明朝那些事儿", "当年明月", "作家出版社", "2005-06-01", 20.0, 3, type3);

    lib.AddBook(book1);
    lib.AddBook(book2);
    lib.AddBook(book3);

    while (true)
    {
        cout << "请选择操作：" << endl;
        cout << "1、添加图书" << endl;
        cout << "2、修改图书" << endl;
        cout << "3、删除图书" << endl;
        cout << "4、查找图书" << endl;
        cout << "5、按编号排序" << endl;
        cout << "6、按书名排序" << endl;
        cout << "7、保存为文件" << endl;
        cout << "0、退出" << endl;

        int choice;
        cin >> choice;

        if (choice == 1)
        {
            string name, author, publisher, date;
            double price;
            BookType* type;

            cout << "请输入书名：";
            cin >> name;

            cout << "请输入作者：";
            cin >> author;

            cout << "请输入出版社：";
            cin >> publisher;

            cout << "请输入出版日期：";
            cin >> date;

            cout << "请输入价格：";
            cin >> price;

            cout << "请选择类型：" << endl;

            for (int i = 0; i < lib.m_numTypes; i++)
            {
                cout << i + 1 << "、" << lib.m_types[i]->GetName() << endl;
            }

            int typeChoice;
            cin >> typeChoice;

            if (typeChoice >= 1 && typeChoice <= lib.m_numTypes)
            {
                type = lib.m_types[typeChoice - 1];
                Book* book = new Book(name, author, publisher, date, price, lib.m_numBooks + 1, type);
                lib.AddBook(book);
                cout << "添加成功！" << endl;
            }
            else
            {
                cout << "选择的类型不存在！" << endl;
            }
        }
        else if (choice == 2)
        {
            int id;
            cout << "请输入要修改的图书编号：";
            cin >> id;
            lib.ModifyBook(id);
        }
        else if (choice == 3)
        {
            int id;
            cout << "请输入要删除的图书编号：";
            cin >> id;
            lib.DeleteBook(id);
        }
        else if (choice == 4)
        {
            int id;
            cout << "请输入要查找的图书编号：";
            cin >> id;
            Book* book = lib.FindBook(id);

            if (book != NULL)
            {
                book->PrintInfo();
            }
            else
            {
                cout << "未找到编号为" << id << "的图书！" << endl;
            }
        }
        else if (choice == 5)
        {
            lib.SortById();
            cout << "按编号排序成功！" << endl;
        }
        else if (choice == 6)
        {
            lib.SortByName();
            cout << "按书名排序成功！" << endl;
        }
        else if (choice == 7)
        {
            string filename;
            cout << "请输入要保存的文件名：";
            cin >> filename;
            lib.SaveToFile(filename);
            cout << "保存成功！" << endl;
        }
        else if (choice == 0)
        {
            break;
        }
        else
        {
            cout << "输入有误，请重新输入！" << endl;
        }
    }

    return 0;
}

这个代码实现了您提出的所有功能，您可以根据自己的需要对其进行修改和扩展。