用c++如何定义行列数未知的复数矩阵并计算复数矩阵的普通乘法
时间: 2024-05-12 22:18:21 浏览: 29
要定义行列数未知的复数矩阵,需要使用动态数组来实现。在C++中,可以使用指针和new运算符动态分配内存空间。下面是一个示例代码:
```c++
#include <iostream>
using namespace std;
int main() {
int rows, cols; // 行列数未知
cout << "请输入矩阵的行数和列数:" << endl;
cin >> rows >> cols;
// 动态分配内存空间
double **mat = new double *[rows];
for(int i = 0; i < rows; i++) {
mat[i] = new double[cols];
}
// 输入矩阵元素
cout << "请依次输入矩阵的元素:" << endl;
for(int i = 0; i < rows; i++) {
for(int j = 0; j < cols; j++) {
cin >> mat[i][j];
}
}
// 打印矩阵
cout << "输入的矩阵为:" << endl;
for(int i = 0; i < rows; i++) {
for(int j = 0; j < cols; j++) {
cout << mat[i][j] << " ";
}
cout << endl;
}
// 释放内存空间
for(int i = 0; i < rows; i++) {
delete[] mat[i];
}
delete[] mat;
return 0;
}
```
计算复数矩阵的普通乘法也类似,只需要在输入矩阵的时候将元素类型改为复数类型即可。具体实现可以参考下面的代码:
```c++
#include <iostream>
#include <complex> // 复数计算库
using namespace std;
int main() {
int rows1, cols1, rows2, cols2;
cout << "请输入第一个矩阵的行数与列数:" << endl;
cin >> rows1 >> cols1;
cout << "请输入第二个矩阵的行数与列数:" << endl;
cin >> rows2 >> cols2;
if(cols1 != rows2) {
cout << "矩阵无法相乘,请重新输入!" << endl;
return 0;
}
// 动态分配内存空间
complex<double> **mat1 = new complex<double> *[rows1];
for(int i = 0; i < rows1; i++) {
mat1[i] = new complex<double>[cols1];
}
complex<double> **mat2 = new complex<double> *[rows2];
for(int i = 0; i < rows2; i++) {
mat2[i] = new complex<double>[cols2];
}
complex<double> **res = new complex<double> *[rows1];
for(int i = 0; i < rows1; i++) {
res[i] = new complex<double>[cols2];
}
// 输入矩阵元素
cout << "请依次输入第一个矩阵的元素:" << endl;
for(int i = 0; i < rows1; i++) {
for(int j = 0; j < cols1; j++) {
double real, imag;
cout << "请输入第一个矩阵的第 " << i+1 << " 行第 " << j+1 << " 列元素的实部和虚部:" << endl;
cin >> real >> imag;
mat1[i][j] = complex<double>(real, imag);
}
}
cout << "请依次输入第二个矩阵的元素:" << endl;
for(int i = 0; i < rows2; i++) {
for(int j = 0; j < cols2; j++) {
double real, imag;
cout << "请输入第二个矩阵的第 " << i+1 << " 行第 " << j+1 << " 列元素的实部和虚部:" << endl;
cin >> real >> imag;
mat2[i][j] = complex<double>(real, imag);
}
}
// 矩阵乘法
for(int i = 0; i < rows1; i++) {
for(int j = 0; j < cols2; j++) {
res[i][j] = 0;
for(int k = 0; k < cols1; k++) {
res[i][j] += mat1[i][k] * mat2[k][j];
}
}
}
// 打印结果
cout << "矩阵乘积为:" << endl;
for(int i = 0; i < rows1; i++) {
for(int j = 0; j < cols2; j++) {
cout << res[i][j].real() << "+" << res[i][j].imag() << "i ";
}
cout << endl;
}
// 释放内存空间
for(int i = 0; i < rows1; i++) {
delete[] mat1[i];
}
delete[] mat1;
for(int i = 0; i < rows2; i++) {
delete[] mat2[i];
}
delete[] mat2;
for(int i = 0; i < rows1; i++) {
delete[] res[i];
}
delete[] res;
return 0;
}
```