b<-a[which(a[,4]-a[,3]>1000000),]

时间: 2024-01-05 10:03:33 浏览: 44
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计算4的10000次方（C#）

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This code selects all rows from the data frame "a" where the difference between the values in the fourth and third column is greater than 1,000,000. The selected rows are then assigned to a new data frame called "b".
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Running-MOVES-2014b-vs-3

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distance_discrimination <- function(train_data, train_group, new_data) { n_train <- nrow(train_data) n_features <- ncol(train_data) group_levels <- unique(train_group) n_groups <- length(group_levels) means <- matrix(0, n_groups, n_features) # 计算各组的均值 for (i in 1:n_groups) { means[i,] <- colMeans(train_data[train_group == group_levels[i],]) } # 计算各组的协方差矩阵 covs <- list() for (i in 1:n_groups) { covs[[i]] <- cov(train_data[train_group == group_levels[i],]) } # 计算马氏距离 distances <- matrix(0, nrow(new_data), n_groups) for (i in 1:n_groups) { distances[,i] <- mahalanobis(new_data, means[i,], covs[[i]]) } # 返回分类结果 group_levels[apply(distances, 1, which.min)] } #数据两组数据，两个属性x,y，标签为"A","B" x1 <- c(1, 2, 3, 4, 5) y1 <- c(1, 2, 1, 2, 1) x2 <- c(10, 11, 12, 13, 14) y2 <- c(10, 9, 10, 9, 10) train_data <- rbind(cbind(x1, y1), cbind(x2, y2)) train_group <- c("A","A","A","A","A","B","B","B","B","B") new_data <- cbind(c(3, 5, 11, 13), c(1, 1, 9, 10)) # 使用距离判别函数进行分类 distance_discrimination(train_data, train_group, new_data)解释一下代码

在这个例子中，训练数据中有两个标签组，分别为"A"和"B"，每个标签组有两个属性 "x" 和 "y"。新数据包含了四个样本，分别为 (3, 1), (5, 1), (11, 9), (13, 10)，程序运行后将会输出对应的分类结果。

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d1.a <- d1[,c(grep("A",colnames(d1)))] aa <- Entropy_Weight(X = d1.a, index = rep(1, ncol(d1.a))) wa <- aa$w # 计算一级指标 B 的二级指标权重 d1.b <- d1[,c(grep("B",colnames(d1)))] aa <- Entropy_...

Please write a simply code in python, the requirement is as followed: The Tower of Hanoi is a mathematical game or puzzle. It consists of three rods, and a number of disks of different sizes which can slide onto any rod. The puzzle starts with the disks in a neat stack in ascending order of size on one rod, the smallest at the top, thus making a conical shape. The following figure shows the initial state of the Tower of Hanoi with 5 disks.The objective of the puzzle is to move the entire stack to another rod, obeying the following simple rules: 1. Only one disk can be moved at a time. 2. Each move consists of taking the upper disk from one of the stacks and placing it on top of another stack i.e. a disk can only be moved if it is the uppermost disk on a stack. 3. No disk may be placed on top of a smaller disk. Assume that initially all the disks are placed on rod A. Write a non-recursive Python function to print out the steps to move all the disks from rod A to rod C via rod B (Hint: a recursive algorithm can be converted into a non-recursive algorithm using stack). The header of the function is: def HanoiTower(n) Here n represents the number of disks. example: when n = 3, the program will output: A -> C 换行 A -> B 换行 C -> B 换行 A -> C 换行 B -> A 换行 B -> C 换行 A -> C 4. simple enough for freshman of university can understand

以下是一个非递归实现的汉诺塔程序： python def HanoiTower(n): # 定义三个列表表示三根柱子，初始时所有盘子都在A柱 A = [i for i in range(n, 0, -1)] ...A -> B C -> B A -> C B -> A B -> C A -> C

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非递归算法解决汉诺塔问题的 Python 代码如下： def HanoiTower(n): stack = [] stack.append((n, 'A', 'C', 'B')) while len(stack) > 0: ...A -> B C -> B A -> C B -> A B -> C A -> C

<a,b>R<c,d><=>a+d=b+c

It states that the cross product of two vectors <a,b> and <c,d> is equal to the determinant of the matrix: | a b | | c d | which is equal to ad - bc. Therefore, <a,b> x <c,d> = ad - bc.

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Describe how to "squish" the frustum into a cuboid(n->n,f->f)

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A^X mod PIt's easy for ACMer to calculate A^X mod P. Now given seven integers n, A, K, a, b, m, P, and a function f(x) which defined as following.f(x) = K, x = 1f(x) = (a*f(x-1) + b)%m , x > 1Now, Your task is to calculate( A^(f(1)) + A^(f(2)) + A^(f(3)) + ...... + A^(f(n)) ) modular P.输入In the first line there is an integer T (1 < T <= 40), which indicates the number of test cases, and then T test cases follow. A test case contains seven integers n, A, K, a, b, m, P in one line.1 <= n <= 10^60 <= A, K, a, b <= 10^91 <= m, P <= 10^9输出For each case, the output format is “Case #c: ans”.c is the case number start from 1.ans is the answer of this problem.

当x>1时，f(x)等于(a*f(x-1) + b)%m。 然后，我们可以使用循环来计算表达式的结果。从x=1到x=n，我们将每个f(x)对应的A^(f(x)) mod P加到结果中。最后，我们将结果对P取模，并输出答案。 下面是一个示例代码实现：...

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回答下面问题Part 1: Multiple Choice Questions (2 points each, total 20 points) Choose the best answer for each question. 1.Which of the following is NOT a passive component? a) resistor b) capacitor c) inductor d) transistor 2.What is the primary purpose of modulation in communication systems? a) to reduce noise b) to increase the frequency of the signal c) to improve the quality of the signal d) to transmit the signal over long distances 3.What is the purpose of a voltage regulator? a) to amplify the voltage of the input signal b) to regulate the output voltage to a constant level c) to provide DC power to the load d) to convert AC power to DC power 4.Which theorem is used to simplify complex circuits for analysis? a) Kirchhoff's law b) The venin's theorem c) Faraday's law d) Ohm's law 5.What is the function of a decoder circuit? a) to convert digital signals into analogue signals b) to convert analogue signals into digital signals c) to select one of several output signals based on the input code d) to amplify signals to a higher power level 6.Which is an advantage of using optical fibers over copper wires in communication systems? a) higher cost b) higher bandwidth c) higher resistance to interference d) easier installation and maintenance 7.What does a low-pass filter do? a) allows low-frequency signals to pass through b) allows high-frequency signals to pass through c) blocks all signals above a certain frequency d) blocks all signals below a certain frequency 8.Which type of transistor has higher input impedance: common-emitter or common-base? a) common-emitter b) common-base c) they have the same input impedance d) it depends on the specific circuit configuration 9.What is the function of a mixer in radio communication systems? a) to amplify the received signal b) to combine two or more signals of different frequencies c) to filter out unwanted signals d) to transmit the signal over long distances 10.Which of the following is NOT a type of noise in electronic circuits? a) shot noise b) thermal noise c) cosmic noise d) flicker noise

3. b) to regulate the output voltage to a constant level 4. b) The venin's theorem 5. c) to select one of several output signals based on the input code 6. b) higher bandwidth 7. a) allows low-...

Each letter in the alphabet can be given a value based on its position in the alphabet, A being 1 throughto Z being 26. Two letters can produce a third letter by adding together their values, deducting 26 fromthe sum if it is greater than 26, and finding the letter whose value equals this result.A simple encryption scheme for a string is as follows. Working from left to right, after leaving the left-most character alone, each character is replaced with the character produced by adding it to thecharacter to its immediate left.For example:• The string ENCRYPT goes through the steps ENCRYPT → ESCRYPT → ESVRYPT → ESVNYPT →ESVNMPT -> ESVNMCT -> ESVNMCW1(a) [ 24 marks ]Write a program that reads in an encrypted string, between 1 and 10 uppercaseletters inclusive, and outputs the original version of that string

The decrypt function takes a string s, converts it to a list of ASCII codes (where A=1, B=2, etc.), applies the decryption formula to each code, and converts the result back to a string....
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