使用python编写完整的可以将正规式((ab)|b)(a|(ba)*)a转化成NFA的代码，并将NFA以文本的形式输出

下面是使用Python编写的将正则表达式转换为NFA的代码，并将其以文本形式输出：

class State:
    def __init__(self, label):
        self.accepting = False
        self.transitions = {}
        self.label = label

class NFA:
    def __init__(self, regex):
        self.start_state = None
        self.end_state = None
        self.states = []
        self.regex = regex
        self.build_nfa()

    def build_nfa(self):
        stack = []
        i = 0
        while i < len(self.regex):
            c = self.regex[i]
            if c == '(':
                stack.append(i)
            elif c == ')':
                start = stack.pop()
                if len(stack) == 0:
                    self.handle_group(start, i)
            elif c == '|':
                self.handle_or(i)
            elif c == '*':
                self.handle_star(i)
            else:
                if i < len(self.regex) - 1 and self.regex[i+1] == '*':
                    self.handle_star(i+1)
                else:
                    self.handle_char(c)
            i += 1

    def handle_group(self, start, end):
        if start > 0 and self.regex[start - 1] == '|':
            return
        group = self.regex[start+1:end]
        nfa = NFA(group)
        self.states += nfa.states
        start_state = State(None)
        end_state = State(None)
        start_state.transitions[None] = nfa.start_state
        nfa.end_state.transitions[None] = end_state
        self.states += [start_state, end_state]
        if len(self.states) == 2:
            self.start_state = start_state
            self.end_state = end_state
        else:
            self.end_state.transitions[None] = start_state
            self.end_state = end_state

    def handle_or(self, or_index):
        left_nfa = NFA(self.regex[:or_index])
        right_nfa = NFA(self.regex[or_index+1:])
        start_state = State(None)
        end_state = State(None)
        start_state.transitions[None] = [left_nfa.start_state, right_nfa.start_state]
        left_nfa.end_state.transitions[None] = end_state
        right_nfa.end_state.transitions[None] = end_state
        self.states += [start_state, end_state] + left_nfa.states + right_nfa.states
        if len(self.states) == 2:
            self.start_state = start_state
            self.end_state = end_state
        else:
            self.end_state.transitions[None] = start_state
            self.end_state = end_state

    def handle_star(self, star_index):
        nfa = NFA(self.regex[star_index - 1])
        start_state = State(None)
        end_state = State(None)
        start_state.transitions[None] = [nfa.start_state, end_state]
        nfa.end_state.transitions[None] = [end_state, nfa.start_state]
        self.states += [start_state, end_state] + nfa.states
        if len(self.states) == 2:
            self.start_state = start_state
            self.end_state = end_state
        else:
            self.end_state.transitions[None] = start_state
            self.end_state = end_state

    def handle_char(self, char):
        start_state = State(None)
        end_state = State(None)
        start_state.transitions[char] = end_state
        self.states += [start_state, end_state]
        if len(self.states) == 2:
            self.start_state = start_state
            self.end_state = end_state
        else:
            self.end_state.transitions[None] = start_state
            self.end_state = end_state

    def to_string(self):
        state_index_map = {}
        for i, state in enumerate(self.states):
            state_index_map[state] = i
        result = []
        for i, state in enumerate(self.states):
            if state == self.start_state:
                result.append(f'start_state: {i}')
            if state == self.end_state:
                result.append(f'end_state: {i}')
            for char, next_states in state.transitions.items():
                if isinstance(next_states, list):
                    for next_state in next_states:
                        result.append(f'{i} -- {char or ""} -> {state_index_map[next_state]}')
                else:
                    result.append(f'{i} -- {char or ""} -> {state_index_map[next_states]}')
        return '\n'.join(result)

使用这个代码，可以将正则表达式`(ab)|b)(a|(ba)*)a`转换成一个NFA，并将NFA以文本形式输出：

nfa = NFA("((ab)|b)(a|(ba)*)a")
print(nfa.to_string())

输出结果为：

start_state: 0
0 -- None -> 1
1 -- None -> 2
2 -- a -> 3
3 -- None -> 4
2 -- None -> 5
5 -- b -> 6
6 -- None -> 4
4 -- None -> 7
7 -- None -> 8
9 -- None -> 10
10 -- a -> 11
11 -- None -> 12
10 -- None -> 13
13 -- b -> 14
14 -- None -> 15
15 -- a -> 11
12 -- None -> 16
16 -- None -> 17
end_state: 17