用标准C语言在window环境下写基于tcp协议的socket通信

以下是基于TCP协议的socket通信的示例代码，使用标准C语言在Windows环境下编写：

#include <stdio.h>
#include <winsock2.h>

#pragma comment(lib, "ws2_32.lib")

int main() {
    // 初始化Winsock库
    WSADATA wsaData;
    if (WSAStartup(MAKEWORD(2, 2), &wsaData) != 0) {
        printf("WSAStartup failed\n");
        return 1;
    }

    // 创建socket
    SOCKET server_socket = socket(AF_INET, SOCK_STREAM, IPPROTO_TCP);
    if (server_socket == INVALID_SOCKET) {
        printf("socket creation failed\n");
        return 1;
    }

    // 绑定socket到本地IP和端口
    struct sockaddr_in server_addr = {0};
    server_addr.sin_family = AF_INET;
    server_addr.sin_addr.s_addr = htonl(INADDR_ANY);
    server_addr.sin_port = htons(12345);
    if (bind(server_socket, (struct sockaddr*)&server_addr, sizeof(server_addr)) == SOCKET_ERROR) {
        printf("socket binding failed\n");
        closesocket(server_socket);
        return 1;
    }

    // 监听端口
    if (listen(server_socket, SOMAXCONN) == SOCKET_ERROR) {
        printf("socket listening failed\n");
        closesocket(server_socket);
        return 1;
    }

    printf("Waiting for incoming connections...\n");

    // 接受客户端连接请求
    struct sockaddr_in client_addr = {0};
    int client_addr_len = sizeof(client_addr);
    SOCKET client_socket = accept(server_socket, (struct sockaddr*)&client_addr, &client_addr_len);
    if (client_socket == INVALID_SOCKET) {
        printf("client connection failed\n");
        closesocket(server_socket);
        return 1;
    }

    printf("Client connected: %s:%d\n", inet_ntoa(client_addr.sin_addr), ntohs(client_addr.sin_port));

    // 接收客户端的消息
    char buffer[1024];
    int recv_size;
    while ((recv_size = recv(client_socket, buffer, sizeof(buffer), 0)) > 0) {
        buffer[recv_size] = '\0';
        printf("Received message: %s\n", buffer);

        // 发送回复消息
        if (send(client_socket, "Hello from server", 18, 0) == SOCKET_ERROR) {
            printf("send failed\n");
            closesocket(client_socket);
            closesocket(server_socket);
            return 1;
        }
    }

    if (recv_size == SOCKET_ERROR) {
        printf("recv failed\n");
    }

    // 关闭socket
    closesocket(client_socket);
    closesocket(server_socket);

    // 卸载Winsock库
    WSACleanup();

    return 0;
}

此示例代码创建了一个TCP服务器，绑定在本地IP地址和端口12345上。它使用`socket()`函数创建一个socket，然后使用`bind()`函数将其绑定到本地地址和端口上。接下来，使用`listen()`函数将socket设置为监听模式，等待客户端的连接请求。一旦有客户端连接，使用`accept()`函数接受它。然后，使用`recv()`函数接收客户端发送的消息，并使用`send()`函数向客户端发送回复消息。最后，关闭客户端和服务器socket，并卸载Winsock库。

需要注意的是，此示例代码仅处理单个客户端连接。如果需要处理多个客户端连接，需要使用多线程或多进程来处理。