写一个基于STM32的智能灌溉系统程序。基本任务： 检测1块农田的土壤湿度和周围环境情况。 单片机A检测土壤湿度2路，并将湿度值取平均通过串行通信送给单片机B。 单片机B检测环境湿度，并接受A的湿度值。 单片机B设置LED数码管，显示土壤湿度，温度。当土壤湿度低于20%时，启动滴灌水阀门，直到湿度值达到95%以上，持续滴灌2分钟，设置系统停止按键 进阶任务： 单片机B检测光照强度，当环境温度高于40摄氏度或光照过强时，无论土壤湿度如何，不能启动滴灌，其他控制任务同上，并设置系统启动按键，使用LCD对所有信息（湿度，温度，光照，水阀状态）集中显示

非常感谢您提供了一个具体的实际问题，我很乐意为您提供一些帮助。

首先，您需要了解基于STM32的智能灌溉系统的硬件组成。其中涉及到的硬件有：STM32单片机、土壤湿度传感器、环境湿度传感器、光照传感器、LED数码管、滴灌水阀门、LCD显示屏等。

其次，您需要编写程序来控制这些硬件。程序的基本任务是检测土壤湿度和周围环境情况，并根据湿度情况控制滴灌水阀门。进阶任务是在基本任务的基础上增加了对光照强度和环境温度的检测和控制，并增加了LCD显示屏。

以下是一个可能的程序框架，您可以根据实际情况进行修改和完善：

#include "stm32f10x.h"
#include "stdio.h"

#define SOIL_HUMIDITY_PIN1 GPIO_Pin_0
#define SOIL_HUMIDITY_PIN2 GPIO_Pin_1
#define ENV_HUMIDITY_PIN GPIO_Pin_2
#define LIGHT_PIN GPIO_Pin_3
#define VALVE_PIN GPIO_Pin_4
#define LED_PIN GPIO_Pin_5
#define LCD_RS_PIN GPIO_Pin_6
#define LCD_RW_PIN GPIO_Pin_7
#define LCD_EN_PIN GPIO_Pin_8
#define LCD_D4_PIN GPIO_Pin_9
#define LCD_D5_PIN GPIO_Pin_10
#define LCD_D6_PIN GPIO_Pin_11
#define LCD_D7_PIN GPIO_Pin_12

void GPIO_Configuration(void);
void ADC_Configuration(void);
void USART_Configuration(void);
void TIM_Configuration(void);
void LCD_Configuration(void);
void LCD_SendCommand(uint8_t cmd);
void LCD_SendData(uint8_t data);
void LCD_Clear(void);
void LCD_SetCursor(uint8_t row, uint8_t col);
void LCD_PrintString(char* str);
void Valve_Control(uint8_t state);
void System_Stop(void);
void System_Start(void);

uint16_t soil_humidity1 = 0, soil_humidity2 = 0, env_humidity = 0, light = 0;
float temperature = 0;
uint8_t valve_state = 0, system_state = 0;

int main(void)
{
    GPIO_Configuration();
    ADC_Configuration();
    USART_Configuration();
    TIM_Configuration();
    LCD_Configuration();

    while (1)
    {
        // 读取土壤湿度传感器1
        ADC_SoftwareStartConvCmd(ADC1, ENABLE);
        while (!ADC_GetFlagStatus(ADC1, ADC_FLAG_EOC));
        soil_humidity1 = ADC_GetConversionValue(ADC1);

        // 读取土壤湿度传感器2
        ADC_SoftwareStartConvCmd(ADC1, ENABLE);
        while (!ADC_GetFlagStatus(ADC1, ADC_FLAG_EOC));
        soil_humidity2 = ADC_GetConversionValue(ADC1);

        // 计算土壤湿度平均值，并通过串口发送给单片机B
        float soil_humidity = (soil_humidity1 + soil_humidity2) / 2.0;
        USART_SendData(USART1, (uint16_t)soil_humidity);

        // 读取环境湿度传感器
        ADC_SoftwareStartConvCmd(ADC1, ENABLE);
        while (!ADC_GetFlagStatus(ADC1, ADC_FLAG_EOC));
        env_humidity = ADC_GetConversionValue(ADC1);

        // 读取光照传感器
        ADC_SoftwareStartConvCmd(ADC1, ENABLE);
        while (!ADC_GetFlagStatus(ADC1, ADC_FLAG_EOC));
        light = ADC_GetConversionValue(ADC1);

        // 读取温度传感器
        ADC_SoftwareStartConvCmd(ADC1, ENABLE);
        while (!ADC_GetFlagStatus(ADC1, ADC_FLAG_EOC));
        uint16_t temp = ADC_GetConversionValue(ADC1);
        temperature = (temp * 3.3 / 4096 - 0.76) / 0.0025 + 25;

        // 根据湿度情况控制滴灌水阀门
        if (soil_humidity < 20)
        {
            Valve_Control(1);
        }
        else if (soil_humidity > 95)
        {
            Valve_Control(0);
            TIM_Cmd(TIM2, ENABLE);
        }

        // 检测环境温度和光照强度
        if (temperature > 40 || light > 1000)
        {
            Valve_Control(0);
            System_Stop();
        }

        // 更新LED数码管显示
        uint16_t led_value = (uint16_t)(soil_humidity * 4095 / 100);
        GPIO_Write(GPIOA, led_value);

        // 更新LCD显示屏
        LCD_SetCursor(0, 0);
        char str[16];
        sprintf(str, "Soil: %.1f%%   ", soil_humidity);
        LCD_PrintString(str);
        sprintf(str, "Temp: %.1fC   ", temperature);
        LCD_PrintString(str);
        sprintf(str, "Light: %d     ", light);
        LCD_PrintString(str);
        sprintf(str, "Valve: %s     ", valve_state ? "On" : "Off");
        LCD_PrintString(str);
    }
}

void GPIO_Configuration(void)
{
    RCC_APB2PeriphClockCmd(RCC_APB2Periph_GPIOA | RCC_APB2Periph_GPIOB | RCC_APB2Periph_GPIOC | RCC_APB2Periph_GPIOD, ENABLE);

    // 土壤湿度传感器1
    GPIO_InitTypeDef GPIO_InitStructure;
    GPIO_InitStructure.GPIO_Pin = SOIL_HUMIDITY_PIN1;
    GPIO_InitStructure.GPIO_Mode = GPIO_Mode_AIN;
    GPIO_Init(GPIOA, &GPIO_InitStructure);

    // 土壤湿度传感器2
    GPIO_InitStructure.GPIO_Pin = SOIL_HUMIDITY_PIN2;
    GPIO_InitStructure.GPIO_Mode = GPIO_Mode_AIN;
    GPIO_Init(GPIOB, &GPIO_InitStructure);

    // 环境湿度传感器
    GPIO_InitStructure.GPIO_Pin = ENV_HUMIDITY_PIN;
    GPIO_InitStructure.GPIO_Mode = GPIO_Mode_AIN;
    GPIO_Init(GPIOC, &GPIO_InitStructure);

    // 光照传感器
    GPIO_InitStructure.GPIO_Pin = LIGHT_PIN;
    GPIO_InitStructure.GPIO_Mode = GPIO_Mode_AIN;
    GPIO_Init(GPIOC, &GPIO_InitStructure);

    // 滴灌水阀门
    GPIO_InitStructure.GPIO_Pin = VALVE_PIN;
    GPIO_InitStructure.GPIO_Mode = GPIO_Mode_Out_PP;
    GPIO_Init(GPIOC, &GPIO_InitStructure);

    // LED数码管
    GPIO_InitStructure.GPIO_Pin = LED_PIN;
    GPIO_InitStructure.GPIO_Mode = GPIO_Mode_Out_PP;
    GPIO_Init(GPIOA, &GPIO_InitStructure);

    // LCD显示屏
    GPIO_InitStructure.GPIO_Pin = LCD_RS_PIN | LCD_RW_PIN | LCD_EN_PIN | LCD_D4_PIN | LCD_D5_PIN | LCD_D6_PIN | LCD_D7_PIN;
    GPIO_InitStructure.GPIO_Mode = GPIO_Mode_Out_PP;
    GPIO_Init(GPIOD, &GPIO_InitStructure);
}

void ADC_Configuration(void)
{
    RCC_APB2PeriphClockCmd(RCC_APB2Periph_ADC1, ENABLE);

    ADC_InitTypeDef ADC_InitStructure;
    ADC_InitStructure.ADC_Mode = ADC_Mode_Independent;
    ADC_InitStructure.ADC_ScanConvMode = DISABLE;
    ADC_InitStructure.ADC_ContinuousConvMode = DISABLE;
    ADC_InitStructure.ADC_ExternalTrigConv = ADC_ExternalTrigConv_None;
    ADC_InitStructure.ADC_DataAlign = ADC_DataAlign_Right;
    ADC_InitStructure.ADC_NbrOfChannel = 1;
    ADC_Init(ADC1, &ADC_InitStructure);

    ADC_RegularChannelConfig(ADC1, ADC_Channel_0, 1, ADC_SampleTime_55Cycles5);
    ADC_RegularChannelConfig(ADC1, ADC_Channel_1, 2, ADC_SampleTime_55Cycles5);
    ADC_RegularChannelConfig(ADC1, ADC_Channel_2, 3, ADC_SampleTime_55Cycles5);
    ADC_RegularChannelConfig(ADC1, ADC_Channel_3, 4, ADC_SampleTime_55Cycles5);
    ADC_RegularChannelConfig(ADC1, ADC_Channel_16, 5, ADC_SampleTime_55Cycles5);

    ADC_Cmd(ADC1, ENABLE);
}

void USART_Configuration(void)
{
    RCC_APB2PeriphClockCmd(RCC_APB2Periph_USART1, ENABLE);

    USART_InitTypeDef USART_InitStructure;
    USART_InitStructure.USART_BaudRate = 9600;
    USART_InitStructure.USART_WordLength = USART_WordLength_8b;
    USART_InitStructure.USART_StopBits = USART_StopBits_1;
    USART_InitStructure.USART_Parity = USART_Parity_No;
    USART_InitStructure.USART_HardwareFlowControl = USART_HardwareFlowControl_None;
    USART_InitStructure.USART_Mode = USART_Mode_Tx;
    USART_Init(USART1, &USART_InitStructure);

    USART_Cmd(USART1, ENABLE);
}

void TIM_Configuration(void)
{
    RCC_APB1PeriphClockCmd(RCC_APB1Periph_TIM2, ENABLE);

    TIM_TimeBaseInitTypeDef TIM_InitStructure;
    TIM_InitStructure.TIM_Period = 2000;
    TIM_InitStructure.TIM_Prescaler = 7200 - 1;
    TIM_InitStructure.TIM_ClockDivision = TIM_CKD_DIV1;
    TIM_InitStructure.TIM_CounterMode = TIM_CounterMode_Up;
    TIM_TimeBaseInit(TIM2, &TIM_InitStructure);

    NVIC_InitTypeDef NVIC_InitStructure;
    NVIC_InitStructure.NVIC_IRQChannel = TIM2_IRQn;
    NVIC_InitStructure.NVIC_IRQChannelPreemptionPriority = 0;
    NVIC_InitStructure.NVIC_IRQChannelSubPriority = 0;
    NVIC_InitStructure.NVIC_IRQChannelCmd = ENABLE;
    NVIC_Init(&NVIC_InitStructure);

    TIM_ITConfig(TIM2, TIM_IT_Update, ENABLE);
}

void LCD_Configuration(void)
{
    GPIO_SetBits(GPIOD, LCD_RS_PIN | LCD_RW_PIN | LCD_EN_PIN | LCD_D4_PIN | LCD_D5_PIN | LCD_D6_PIN | LCD_D7_PIN);

    LCD_SendCommand(0x28);
    LCD_SendCommand(0x0C);
    LCD_SendCommand(0x06);
    LCD_SendCommand(0x01);
}

void LCD_SendCommand(uint8_t cmd)
{
    GPIO_ResetBits(GPIOD, LCD_RS_PIN);
    GPIO_ResetBits(GPIOD, LCD_RW_PIN);
    GPIO_SetBits(GPIOD, LCD_EN_PIN);

    GPIO_Write(GPIOD, (cmd >> 4) & 0x0F);
    GPIO_ResetBits(GPIOD, LCD_EN_PIN);

    GPIO_SetBits(GPIOD, LCD_EN_PIN);

    GPIO_Write(GPIOD, cmd & 0x0F);
    GPIO_ResetBits(GPIOD, LCD_EN_PIN);
}

void LCD_SendData(uint8_t data)
{
    GPIO_SetBits(GPIOD, LCD_RS_PIN);
    GPIO_ResetBits(GPIOD, LCD_RW_PIN);
    GPIO_SetBits(GPIOD, LCD_EN_PIN);

    GPIO_Write(GPIOD, (data >> 4) & 0x0F);
    GPIO_ResetBits(GPIOD, LCD_EN_PIN);

    GPIO_SetBits(GPIOD, LCD_EN_PIN);

    GPIO_Write(GPIOD, data & 0x0F);
    GPIO_ResetBits(GPIOD, LCD_EN_PIN);
}

void LCD_Clear(void)
{
    LCD_SendCommand(0x01);
}

void LCD_SetCursor(uint8_t row, uint8_t col)
{
    uint8_t pos = row * 0x40 + col;
    LCD_SendCommand(0x80 | pos);
}

void LCD_PrintString(char* str)
{
    while (*str)
    {
        LCD_SendData(*str++);
    }
}

void Valve_Control(uint8_t state)
{
    valve_state = state;
    GPIO_WriteBit(GPIOC, VALVE_PIN, state ? Bit_SET : Bit_RESET);
}

void System_Stop(void)
{
    system_state = 0;
    GPIO_WriteBit(GPIOC, VALVE_PIN, Bit_RESET);
}

void System_Start(void)
{
    system_state = 1;
}

void TIM2_IRQHandler(void)
{
    if (TIM_GetITStatus(TIM2, TIM_IT_Update) != RESET)
    {
        Valve_Control(1);
        TIM_Cmd(TIM2, DISABLE);
        TIM_ClearITPendingBit(TIM2, TIM_IT_Update);
    }
}

需要注意的是，上述程序只是一个大致的框架，具体实现还需要根据硬件的具体情况进行调整和完善，同时需要注意代码的可读性和可维护性。