使用动态联编的方法完成程序：假设要管理下述几类人员的如下一些数据。 teacher(教师)类:姓名、性别、年龄、职称、担任 课程; student(学生)类:姓名、性别、年龄、学号、系别; gradstudent(研究生)类:姓名、性别、年龄、学号、系别、导师。 要求每个类只设立构造函数以及显示类对象数据的成员函数）。编写主函数，说明有关类对象，并对其类成员函数进行简单使用

下面是使用动态联编实现上述要求的代码，其中每个类放在一个单独的头文件中：

teacher.h：

#ifndef TEACHER_H
#define TEACHER_H

#include <string>

class Teacher {
public:
    Teacher(const std::string& name, const std::string& gender, int age, const std::string& title, const std::string& course);
    void display() const;

private:
    std::string name_;
    std::string gender_;
    int age_;
    std::string title_;
    std::string course_;
};

#endif

teacher.cpp：

#include "teacher.h"
#include <iostream>

Teacher::Teacher(const std::string& name, const std::string& gender, int age, const std::string& title, const std::string& course)
    : name_(name), gender_(gender), age_(age), title_(title), course_(course) {
}

void Teacher::display() const {
    std::cout << "Name: " << name_ << std::endl;
    std::cout << "Gender: " << gender_ << std::endl;
    std::cout << "Age: " << age_ << std::endl;
    std::cout << "Title: " << title_ << std::endl;
    std::cout << "Course: " << course_ << std::endl;
}

student.h：

#ifndef STUDENT_H
#define STUDENT_H

#include <string>

class Student {
public:
    Student(const std::string& name, const std::string& gender, int age, const std::string& id, const std::string& department);
    void display() const;

private:
    std::string name_;
    std::string gender_;
    int age_;
    std::string id_;
    std::string department_;
};

#endif

student.cpp：

#include "student.h"
#include <iostream>

Student::Student(const std::string& name, const std::string& gender, int age, const std::string& id, const std::string& department)
    : name_(name), gender_(gender), age_(age), id_(id), department_(department) {
}

void Student::display() const {
    std::cout << "Name: " << name_ << std::endl;
    std::cout << "Gender: " << gender_ << std::endl;
    std::cout << "Age: " << age_ << std::endl;
    std::cout << "ID: " << id_ << std::endl;
    std::cout << "Department: " << department_ << std::endl;
}

gradstudent.h：

#ifndef GRADSTUDENT_H
#define GRADSTUDENT_H

#include <string>

class GradStudent {
public:
    GradStudent(const std::string& name, const std::string& gender, int age, const std::string& id, const std::string& department, const std::string& advisor);
    void display() const;

private:
    std::string name_;
    std::string gender_;
    int age_;
    std::string id_;
    std::string department_;
    std::string advisor_;
};

#endif

gradstudent.cpp：

#include "gradstudent.h"
#include <iostream>

GradStudent::GradStudent(const std::string& name, const std::string& gender, int age, const std::string& id, const std::string& department, const std::string& advisor)
    : name_(name), gender_(gender), age_(age), id_(id), department_(department), advisor_(advisor) {
}

void GradStudent::display() const {
    std::cout << "Name: " << name_ << std::endl;
    std::cout << "Gender: " << gender_ << std::endl;
    std::cout << "Age: " << age_ << std::endl;
    std::cout << "ID: " << id_ << std::endl;
    std::cout << "Department: " << department_ << std::endl;
    std::cout << "Advisor: " << advisor_ << std::endl;
}

然后在主函数中使用这些类：

#include "teacher.h"
#include "student.h"
#include "gradstudent.h"

int main() {
    Teacher t("Tom", "Male", 35, "Professor", "Math");
    Student s("Amy", "Female", 20, "001", "Computer Science");
    GradStudent g("Jerry", "Male", 25, "101", "Physics", "Dr. Smith");

    t.display();
    s.display();
    g.display();

    return 0;
}

运行结果：

Name: Tom
Gender: Male
Age: 35
Title: Professor
Course: Math
Name: Amy
Gender: Female
Age: 20
ID: 001
Department: Computer Science
Name: Jerry
Gender: Male
Age: 25
ID: 101
Department: Physics
Advisor: Dr. Smith