STM32F103ZET6 HAL库 bootloader 详细代码

这里给出一个简单的基于HAL库的STM32F103ZET6 bootloader代码示例：

#include "main.h"

#define BOOTLOADER_VERSION "1.0"

#define BOOTLOADER_ADDR 0x08000000 // Bootloader程序存储地址
#define APPLICATION_ADDR 0x08004000 // 应用程序存储地址

#define FLASH_PAGE_SIZE 2048 // flash每页大小

#define APP_MAGIC_CODE 0x5A5A // 应用程序标志码

// 函数声明
void SystemClock_Config(void);
static void MX_GPIO_Init(void);
static void MX_USART1_UART_Init(void);
static void MX_CRC_Init(void);
static void JumpToApp(void);
void FlashErase(uint32_t addr);
void FlashWrite(uint32_t addr, uint8_t *data, uint32_t size);
uint16_t CRC16(uint8_t *data, uint32_t size);

// 全局变量
CRC_HandleTypeDef hcrc;
UART_HandleTypeDef huart1;

int main(void)
{
  HAL_Init();
  SystemClock_Config();
  MX_GPIO_Init();
  MX_USART1_UART_Init();
  MX_CRC_Init();

  uint8_t buffer[256];
  uint32_t size, addr, crc;
  uint16_t magic_code;

  // 检查是否需要进入bootloader模式
  if (HAL_GPIO_ReadPin(GPIOC, GPIO_PIN_13) == GPIO_PIN_RESET)
  {
    // 进入bootloader模式
    HAL_GPIO_WritePin(GPIOC, GPIO_PIN_13, GPIO_PIN_SET);

    // 发送欢迎信息
    HAL_UART_Transmit(&huart1, (uint8_t *)"--------------------------------------\r\n", 44, HAL_MAX_DELAY);
    HAL_UART_Transmit(&huart1, (uint8_t *)"STM32F103ZET6 Bootloader\r\n", 29, HAL_MAX_DELAY);
    HAL_UART_Transmit(&huart1, (uint8_t *)"Version: ", 9, HAL_MAX_DELAY);
    HAL_UART_Transmit(&huart1, (uint8_t *)BOOTLOADER_VERSION, strlen(BOOTLOADER_VERSION), HAL_MAX_DELAY);
    HAL_UART_Transmit(&huart1, (uint8_t *)"\r\n", 2, HAL_MAX_DELAY);

    // 等待数据传输
    while (1)
    {
      // 接收地址
      HAL_UART_Receive(&huart1, (uint8_t *)&addr, 4, HAL_MAX_DELAY);

      // 接收大小
      HAL_UART_Receive(&huart1, (uint8_t *)&size, 4, HAL_MAX_DELAY);

      // 接收校验码
      HAL_UART_Receive(&huart1, (uint8_t *)&crc, 4, HAL_MAX_DELAY);

      // 接收数据
      HAL_UART_Receive(&huart1, buffer, size, HAL_MAX_DELAY);

      // 计算数据校验码
      if (CRC16(buffer, size) != crc)
      {
        // 发送错误信息
        HAL_UART_Transmit(&huart1, (uint8_t *)"CRC error!\r\n", 12, HAL_MAX_DELAY);
      }
      else
      {
        // 写入flash
        FlashErase(addr);
        FlashWrite(addr, buffer, size);

        // 发送成功信息
        HAL_UART_Transmit(&huart1, (uint8_t *)"Write success!\r\n", 16, HAL_MAX_DELAY);
      }

      // 接收标志码
      HAL_UART_Receive(&huart1, (uint8_t *)&magic_code, 2, HAL_MAX_DELAY);

      // 检查标志码是否正确
      if (magic_code == APP_MAGIC_CODE)
      {
        // 跳转到应用程序
        JumpToApp();
      }
    }
  }
  else
  {
    // 检查应用程序标志码
    magic_code = *((uint16_t *)APPLICATION_ADDR);

    if (magic_code == APP_MAGIC_CODE)
    {
      // 跳转到应用程序
      JumpToApp();
    }
  }

  while (1)
  {
  }
}

void SystemClock_Config(void)
{
  RCC_OscInitTypeDef RCC_OscInitStruct;
  RCC_ClkInitTypeDef RCC_ClkInitStruct;

  /**Initializes the CPU, AHB and APB busses clocks
  */
  RCC_OscInitStruct.OscillatorType = RCC_OSCILLATORTYPE_HSE;
  RCC_OscInitStruct.HSEState = RCC_HSE_ON;
  RCC_OscInitStruct.HSEPredivValue = RCC_HSE_PREDIV_DIV1;
  RCC_OscInitStruct.PLL.PLLState = RCC_PLL_ON;
  RCC_OscInitStruct.PLL.PLLSource = RCC_PLLSOURCE_HSE;
  RCC_OscInitStruct.PLL.PLLMUL = RCC_PLL_MUL9;
  if (HAL_RCC_OscConfig(&RCC_OscInitStruct) != HAL_OK)
  {
    Error_Handler();
  }

  /**Initializes the CPU, AHB and APB busses clocks
  */
  RCC_ClkInitStruct.ClockType = RCC_CLOCKTYPE_HCLK | RCC_CLOCKTYPE_SYSCLK |
                                RCC_CLOCKTYPE_PCLK1 | RCC_CLOCKTYPE_PCLK2;
  RCC_ClkInitStruct.SYSCLKSource = RCC_SYSCLKSOURCE_PLLCLK;
  RCC_ClkInitStruct.AHBCLKDivider = RCC_SYSCLK_DIV1;
  RCC_ClkInitStruct.APB1CLKDivider = RCC_HCLK_DIV2;
  RCC_ClkInitStruct.APB2CLKDivider = RCC_HCLK_DIV1;

  if (HAL_RCC_ClockConfig(&RCC_ClkInitStruct, FLASH_LATENCY_2) != HAL_OK)
  {
    Error_Handler();
  }
}

static void MX_GPIO_Init(void)
{
  GPIO_InitTypeDef GPIO_InitStruct = {0};

  /* GPIO Ports Clock Enable */
  __HAL_RCC_GPIOC_CLK_ENABLE();
  __HAL_RCC_GPIOD_CLK_ENABLE();
  __HAL_RCC_AFIO_CLK_ENABLE();

  /*Configure GPIO pin Output Level */
  HAL_GPIO_WritePin(GPIOC, GPIO_PIN_13, GPIO_PIN_RESET);

  /*Configure GPIO pin : PC13 */
  GPIO_InitStruct.Pin = GPIO_PIN_13;
  GPIO_InitStruct.Mode = GPIO_MODE_OUTPUT_PP;
  GPIO_InitStruct.Speed = GPIO_SPEED_FREQ_LOW;
  HAL_GPIO_Init(GPIOC, &GPIO_InitStruct);
}

static void MX_CRC_Init(void)
{
  hcrc.Instance = CRC;
  hcrc.Init.DefaultPolynomialUse = DEFAULT_POLYNOMIAL_ENABLE;
  hcrc.Init.DefaultInitValueUse = DEFAULT_INIT_VALUE_ENABLE;
  hcrc.Init.InputDataInversionMode = CRC_INPUTDATA_INVERSION_NONE;
  hcrc.Init.OutputDataInversionMode = CRC_OUTPUTDATA_INVERSION_DISABLE;
  hcrc.InputDataFormat = CRC_INPUTDATA_FORMAT_BYTES;
  if (HAL_CRC_Init(&hcrc) != HAL_OK)
  {
    Error_Handler();
  }
}

static void MX_USART1_UART_Init(void)
{
  huart1.Instance = USART1;
  huart1.Init.BaudRate = 115200;
  huart1.Init.WordLength = UART_WORDLENGTH_8B;
  huart1.Init.StopBits = UART_STOPBITS_1;
  huart1.Init.Parity = UART_PARITY_NONE;
  huart1.Init.Mode = UART_MODE_TX_RX;
  huart1.Init.HwFlowCtl = UART_HWCONTROL_NONE;
  huart1.Init.OverSampling = UART_OVERSAMPLING_16;
  if (HAL_UART_Init(&huart1) != HAL_OK)
  {
    Error_Handler();
  }
}

void JumpToApp(void)
{
  // 关闭中断
  __disable_irq();

  // 跳转到应用程序
  uint32_t jump_address = *((volatile uint32_t *)(APPLICATION_ADDR + 4));
  void (*application)(void) = (void (*)(void))jump_address;
  application();
}

void FlashErase(uint32_t addr)
{
  // 解锁flash
  HAL_FLASH_Unlock();

  // 擦除flash
  FLASH_EraseInitTypeDef erase = {
      .TypeErase = FLASH_TYPEERASE_PAGES,
      .Banks = FLASH_BANK_1,
      .PageAddress = addr,
      .NbPages = 1};
  uint32_t error;
  HAL_FLASHEx_Erase(&erase, &error);

  // 上锁flash
  HAL_FLASH_Lock();
}

void FlashWrite(uint32_t addr, uint8_t *data, uint32_t size)
{
  uint32_t i;

  // 解锁flash
  HAL_FLASH_Unlock();

  // 写入flash
  for (i = 0; i < size; i += 2)
  {
    uint16_t value = (uint16_t)data[i] | ((uint16_t)data[i + 1] << 8);
    HAL_FLASH_Program(FLASH_TYPEPROGRAM_HALFWORD, addr + i, value);
  }

  // 上锁flash
  HAL_FLASH_Lock();
}

uint16_t CRC16(uint8_t *data, uint32_t size)
{
  uint32_t crc = 0xFFFFFFFF;

  for (uint32_t i = 0; i < size; i++)
  {
    crc ^= (uint32_t)(data[i]) << 24;

    for (uint32_t j = 0; j < 8; j++)
    {
      if (crc & 0x80000000)
      {
        crc = (crc << 1) ^ 0x04C11DB7;
      }
      else
      {
        crc <<= 1;
      }
    }
  }

  return (uint16_t)(crc >> 16) & 0xFFFF;
}

这个bootloader程序的功能比较简单，可以接收通过串口发送的数据，写入到flash中。同时，当接收到应用程序标志码时，会跳转到应用程序的入口地址。注意，这里的bootloader程序大小应该小于应用程序的大小。