写一个STM32L051C8T6的代码，使用HAL库，使用内部EEPROM存储，要求上电发送“0000”，回复进入地址设置指令，进入地址设定状态，保证7个RGBLED灭，然后在对应地址放入瓶子，轮询三次，相应的RGBLED闪三下，LED闪三下一样的绿色则最后显示绿灯，LED闪三下不同的（绿色或红色）则最后显示红灯，显示绿灯则串口1显示正确的地址，显示红灯则不显，当地址设定正确后，地址设定状态结束，进入工作状态

好的，根据您的要求，我已经编写出一份基于HAL库的STM32L051C8T6代码，并在注释中详细说明了各个步骤的实现方法，供您参考。

#include "stm32l0xx_hal.h"

// 定义串口句柄
UART_HandleTypeDef huart1;

// 定义EEPROM存储地址和大小
#define EEPROM_START_ADDR ((uint32_t)0x08080000)
#define EEPROM_SIZE       ((uint32_t)0x400)

// 定义RGB灯的引脚
#define LED_R_PIN         GPIO_PIN_0
#define LED_G_PIN         GPIO_PIN_1
#define LED_B_PIN         GPIO_PIN_2
#define LED_PORT          GPIOA

// 定义地址设定状态和工作状态的状态变量
#define STATE_ADDR_SETTING  0
#define STATE_WORKING       1
uint8_t state = STATE_ADDR_SETTING;

// 定义瓶子的地址变量
uint8_t bottle_addr = 0;

// 定义三个RGB灯的状态变量
uint8_t led_r_state = 0;
uint8_t led_g_state = 0;
uint8_t led_b_state = 0;

// 定义RGB灯亮的时间和灭的时间
#define LED_ON_TIME        100
#define LED_OFF_TIME       100

// 定义轮询瓶子的次数
#define POLL_COUNT         3

// 声明函数
void SystemClock_Config(void);
static void MX_GPIO_Init(void);
static void MX_USART1_UART_Init(void);
static void MX_FLASH_Init(void);
static void EEPROM_WriteByte(uint32_t addr, uint8_t data);
static uint8_t EEPROM_ReadByte(uint32_t addr);

int main(void)
{
  // 初始化HAL库
  HAL_Init();

  // 配置系统时钟
  SystemClock_Config();

  // 初始化GPIO
  MX_GPIO_Init();

  // 初始化USART1
  MX_USART1_UART_Init();

  // 初始化FLASH
  MX_FLASH_Init();

  // 在上电时发送“0000”
  HAL_UART_Transmit(&huart1, (uint8_t *)"0000\r\n", 6, HAL_MAX_DELAY);

  // 进入地址设置状态
  state = STATE_ADDR_SETTING;

  // 使7个RGB灯熄灭
  HAL_GPIO_WritePin(LED_PORT, LED_R_PIN | LED_G_PIN | LED_B_PIN, GPIO_PIN_RESET);

  // 轮询瓶子三次
  uint8_t led_r_count = 0;
  uint8_t led_g_count = 0;
  uint8_t led_b_count = 0;
  for (uint8_t i = 0; i < POLL_COUNT; i++) {
    // 读取当前地址对应的瓶子
    uint8_t bottle = EEPROM_ReadByte(EEPROM_START_ADDR + bottle_addr);

    // 根据瓶子的颜色控制RGB灯
    if (bottle == 0) {
      HAL_GPIO_WritePin(LED_PORT, LED_R_PIN, GPIO_PIN_RESET);
      HAL_GPIO_WritePin(LED_PORT, LED_G_PIN, GPIO_PIN_SET);
      HAL_GPIO_WritePin(LED_PORT, LED_B_PIN, GPIO_PIN_RESET);
      led_g_count++;
    } else if (bottle == 1) {
      HAL_GPIO_WritePin(LED_PORT, LED_R_PIN, GPIO_PIN_SET);
      HAL_GPIO_WritePin(LED_PORT, LED_G_PIN, GPIO_PIN_RESET);
      HAL_GPIO_WritePin(LED_PORT, LED_B_PIN, GPIO_PIN_RESET);
      led_r_count++;
    } else if (bottle == 2) {
      HAL_GPIO_WritePin(LED_PORT, LED_R_PIN, GPIO_PIN_RESET);
      HAL_GPIO_WritePin(LED_PORT, LED_G_PIN, GPIO_PIN_RESET);
      HAL_GPIO_WritePin(LED_PORT, LED_B_PIN, GPIO_PIN_SET);
      led_b_count++;
    }

    // 等待LED亮的时间
    HAL_Delay(LED_ON_TIME);

    // 关闭RGB灯
    HAL_GPIO_WritePin(LED_PORT, LED_R_PIN | LED_G_PIN | LED_B_PIN, GPIO_PIN_RESET);

    // 等待LED灭的时间
    HAL_Delay(LED_OFF_TIME);
  }

  // 根据亮的次数判断显示什么颜色的灯
  if (led_r_count == POLL_COUNT) {
    HAL_GPIO_WritePin(LED_PORT, LED_R_PIN, GPIO_PIN_SET);
    HAL_GPIO_WritePin(LED_PORT, LED_G_PIN, GPIO_PIN_RESET);
    HAL_GPIO_WritePin(LED_PORT, LED_B_PIN, GPIO_PIN_RESET);

    // 显示地址
    if (state == STATE_WORKING) {
      HAL_UART_Transmit(&huart1, &bottle_addr, 1, HAL_MAX_DELAY);
    }
  } else if (led_g_count == POLL_COUNT) {
    HAL_GPIO_WritePin(LED_PORT, LED_R_PIN, GPIO_PIN_RESET);
    HAL_GPIO_WritePin(LED_PORT, LED_G_PIN, GPIO_PIN_SET);
    HAL_GPIO_WritePin(LED_PORT, LED_B_PIN, GPIO_PIN_RESET);
  } else {
    HAL_GPIO_WritePin(LED_PORT, LED_R_PIN, GPIO_PIN_SET);
    HAL_GPIO_WritePin(LED_PORT, LED_G_PIN, GPIO_PIN_RESET);
    HAL_GPIO_WritePin(LED_PORT, LED_B_PIN, GPIO_PIN_SET);
  }

  // 进入工作状态
  state = STATE_WORKING;

  while (1)
  {
    // 读取串口接收到的数据
    uint8_t data;
    HAL_UART_Receive(&huart1, &data, 1, HAL_MAX_DELAY);

    // 如果接收到进入地址设置状态的指令，则进入地址设置状态
    if (state == STATE_WORKING && data == 'A') {
      state = STATE_ADDR_SETTING;
      HAL_GPIO_WritePin(LED_PORT, LED_R_PIN | LED_G_PIN | LED_B_PIN, GPIO_PIN_RESET);
      continue;
    }

    // 如果当前是地址设置状态，则将接收到的数据作为地址值
    if (state == STATE_ADDR_SETTING) {
      bottle_addr = data;
      continue;
    }

    // 如果当前是工作状态，则将接收到的数据作为瓶子颜色放入对应的地址
    if (state == STATE_WORKING) {
      EEPROM_WriteByte(EEPROM_START_ADDR + bottle_addr, data);
      continue;
    }
  }
}

void SystemClock_Config(void)
{
  RCC_OscInitTypeDef RCC_OscInitStruct = {0};
  RCC_ClkInitTypeDef RCC_ClkInitStruct = {0};

  /** Initializes the RCC Oscillators according to the specified parameters
  * in the RCC_OscInitTypeDef structure.
  */
  RCC_OscInitStruct.OscillatorType = RCC_OSCILLATORTYPE_HSI;
  RCC_OscInitStruct.HSIState = RCC_HSI_ON;
  RCC_OscInitStruct.HSICalibrationValue = RCC_HSICALIBRATION_DEFAULT;
  RCC_OscInitStruct.PLL.PLLState = RCC_PLL_NONE;
  if (HAL_RCC_OscConfig(&RCC_OscInitStruct) != HAL_OK)
  {
    Error_Handler();
  }
  /** Initializes the CPU, AHB and APB buses clocks
  */
  RCC_ClkInitStruct.ClockType = RCC_CLOCKTYPE_HCLK|RCC_CLOCKTYPE_SYSCLK
                              |RCC_CLOCKTYPE_PCLK1|RCC_CLOCKTYPE_PCLK2;
  RCC_ClkInitStruct.SYSCLKSource = RCC_SYSCLKSOURCE_HSI;
  RCC_ClkInitStruct.AHBCLKDivider = RCC_SYSCLK_DIV1;
  RCC_ClkInitStruct.APB1CLKDivider = RCC_HCLK_DIV1;
  RCC_ClkInitStruct.APB2CLKDivider = RCC_HCLK_DIV1;

  if (HAL_RCC_ClockConfig(&RCC_ClkInitStruct, FLASH_LATENCY_0) != HAL_OK)
  {
    Error_Handler();
  }
}

static void MX_GPIO_Init(void)
{
  GPIO_InitTypeDef GPIO_InitStruct = {0};

  /* GPIO Ports Clock Enable */
  __HAL_RCC_GPIOA_CLK_ENABLE();

  /*Configure GPIO pin Output Level */
  HAL_GPIO_WritePin(LED_PORT, LED_R_PIN | LED_G_PIN | LED_B_PIN, GPIO_PIN_RESET);

  /*Configure GPIO pins : LED_R_PIN LED_G_PIN LED_B_PIN */
  GPIO_InitStruct.Pin = LED_R_PIN | LED_G_PIN | LED_B_PIN;
  GPIO_InitStruct.Mode = GPIO_MODE_OUTPUT_PP;
  GPIO_InitStruct.Pull = GPIO_NOPULL;
  GPIO_InitStruct.Speed = GPIO_SPEED_FREQ_LOW;
  HAL_GPIO_Init(LED_PORT, &GPIO_InitStruct);
}

static void MX_USART1_UART_Init(void)
{
  huart1.Instance = USART1;
  huart1.Init.BaudRate = 115200;
  huart1.Init.WordLength = UART_WORDLENGTH_8B;
  huart1.Init.StopBits = UART_STOPBITS_1;
  huart1.Init.Parity = UART_PARITY_NONE;
  huart1.Init.Mode = UART_MODE_TX_RX;
  huart1.Init.HwFlowCtl = UART_HWCONTROL_NONE;
  huart1.Init.OverSampling = UART_OVERSAMPLING_16;
  huart1.Init.OneBitSampling = UART_ONEBIT_SAMPLING_DISABLED;
  huart1.AdvancedInit.AdvFeatureInit = UART_ADVFEATURE_NO_INIT;
  if (HAL_UART_Init(&huart1) != HAL_OK)
  {
    Error_Handler();
  }
}

static void MX_FLASH_Init(void)
{
  /* USER CODE BEGIN FLASH_Init 0 */

  /* USER CODE END FLASH_Init 0 */

  /* USER CODE BEGIN FLASH_Init 1 */

  /* USER CODE END FLASH_Init 1 */
  HAL_FLASH_Unlock();
  /* USER CODE BEGIN FLASH_Init 2 */

  /* USER CODE END FLASH_Init 2 */
  HAL_FLASH_Lock();
}

void EEPROM_WriteByte(uint32_t addr, uint8_t data)
{
  // 等待上一个操作完成
  while (FLASH->SR & FLASH_SR_BSY);

  // 解锁FLASH
  HAL_FLASH_Unlock();

  // 擦除要写入的地址所在的扇区
  FLASH_EraseInitTypeDef erase_init = {0};
  erase_init.TypeErase = FLASH_TYPEERASE_PAGES;
  erase_init.PageAddress = addr;
  erase_init.NbPages = 1;
  uint32_t page_error;
  HAL_FLASHEx_Erase(&erase_init, &page_error);

  // 写入数据
  HAL_FLASH_Program(FLASH_TYPEPROGRAM_BYTE, addr, data);

  // 加锁FLASH
  HAL_FLASH_Lock();
}

uint8_t EEPROM_ReadByte(uint32_t addr)
{
  return *(uint8_t *)addr;
}

需要注意的是，这份代码并没有完全测试过，可能存在一些bug或需要调整的地方，但是它可以作为您开始实现这个项目的一个参考。