PredResult pred; pred.index = 0; pred.prob = 100; if (contours.size() > 1) { pred.index = 1; } else { cv::Mat blackImage = cv::Mat::zeros(RoIImage.rows, RoIImage.cols, CV_8UC1); cv::drawContours(blackImage, contours, 0, 255, -1); cv::Mat temp; cv::bitwise_and(temp, temp, RoIBinary, blackImage); cv::Scalar area = cv::sum(temp) / 255; //20230711 zjq index_01 bug需修复 if (area[0] > 50000) { pred.index = 2; } } sprintf(pred.label, "%s", this->m_dataLoader->getLabel(pred.index)); sprintf(pred.fileName, "%s", this->m_fileName[it - this->m_cropRawDatas.begin()] .c_str()); ///< 记录文件名 this->m_pred.push_back(pred);这是bug出现的地方

y_pred_2.npy

val_batch1_pred.jpg

glm.pred=rep("Down",100) glm.pred[glm.probs>.5]="Up" table(glm.pred,lable) (11+46)/100 mean(glm.pred==lable)

- 您使用了 glm 模型进行预测，并将预测结果存储在 glm.pred 变量中。 - 预测结果采用了二分类的形式，其中标签为 "Up" 的概率阈值为 0.5。 - 您使用了 table 函数来比较预测结果和真实标签的差异。 - 最后，您计算...

Error in tbl_vars_dispatch(x) : object 'pred.resp.bivar' not found > pred.resp.bivar <- PredictorResponseBivar(fit = fitkm, + min.plot.dist = 0.5, + z.pairs = expos.pairs如何解决

这个错误提示是因为 R 无法找到名为 "pred.resp.bivar" 的对象。请确保你已经正确加载了需要的包（如果有的话），并且在运行代码之前已经定义或创建了 "pred.resp.bivar" 对象。你可以通过以下几个步骤来解决这个...

for(i in 1:nsimu){ aa=data[order(runif(ss)),] A0=aa[c(1:ss0),] A1=aa[-c(1:ss0),] model.1=glm(是否点击 ~ 平台编码+ 竞拍底价 + 是否为全插屏广告 + 手机运营商 + 网络状况 + 设备制造商 + 时段 ,family=binomial(link=logit),data=A0) model.2=glm(是否点击 ~ 平台编码+ 竞拍底价 + 是否为全插屏广告 + 设备制造商 + 时段 ,family=binomial(link=logit),data=A0) model.3=glm(是否点击 ~ 是否为全插屏广告 ,family=binomial(link=logit),data=A0) pred.1=predict(model.1,A1) pred.2=predict(model.2,A1) pred.3=predict(model.3,A1) Y=A1$是否点击 auc.1=roc(Y,pred.1)$auc auc.2=roc(Y,pred.2)$auc auc.3=roc(Y,pred.3)$auc AUC[i,]=c(auc.1,auc.2,auc.3) }

使用predict函数对A1数据集进行预测，得到三个模型的预测结果pred.1、pred.2、pred.3。接着使用roc函数计算出三个模型的AUC值，存放在AUC矩阵中的第i行。这个过程将重复运行nsimu次，得到三个模型...

def train(self, X, y): num_samples, num_features = X.shape # 初始化权重和偏置 self.weights = np.zeros(num_features) self.bias = 0 for _ in range(self.num_iterations): linear_model = np.dot(X, self.weights) + self.bias y_pred = self.sigmoid(linear_model) # 计算梯度 dw = (1 / num_samples) * np.dot(X.T, (y_pred - y)) db = (1 / num_samples) * np.sum(y_pred - y) # 添加正则化项 if self.regularization == 'l1': dw += (self.reg_strength / num_samples) * np.sign(self.weights) elif self.regularization == 'l2': dw += (self.reg_strength / num_samples) * self.weights # 更新权重和偏置 self.weights -= self.learning_rate * dw self.bias -= self.learning_rate * db def predict(self, X): linear_model = np.dot(X, self.weights) + self.bias y_pred = self.sigmoid(linear_model) y_pred_cls = np.where(y_pred >= 0.5, 1, 0) return y_pred_cls def sigmoid(self, x): return 1 / (1 + np.exp(-x)) 的含义

sigmoid函数是逻辑回归中常用的激活函数，用于将线性模型的输出映射到0到1之间的概率值。在训练过程中，先通过线性模型计算出每个样本属于正例的概率，然后通过梯度下降更新权重和偏置，使得损失函数最小化。在更新...

predicted = clf.predict(X_new_tfidf) print(predicted) y_prob=clf.predict_proba(X_new_tfidf) y_pred_class = np.argmax(y_prob, axis=1) # y_pred = [1 if prob > 0.5 else 0 for prob in y_prob] y_pred = np.where(y_prob > 0.5, 1, 0)[:,0] print(y_pred) total_cnt = 0 correct_cnt = 0 for test_label, predicte in zip(test_labels, predicted): total_cnt += 1 if test_label == predicte: correct_cnt += 1 print('%r => %s' % (test_label, predicte)) # 将预测值和真实标签存储在一个数组中 y_true = np.array(test_labels) # 按照预测概率值排序 order = y_prob.argsort() # 计算每个点的两个指标 fp = np.cumsum((y_true[order] == 0) & (y_pred[order] == 1)) tp = np.cumsum((y_true[order] == 1) & (y_pred[order] == 1)) fpr, tpr, thresholds = roc_curve(y_true, y_pred_class)用SciPy计算ks

其中，y_pred_class为预测标签，y_prob[:, 1]为预测为正例的概率值。示例代码如下： python from scipy.stats import ks_2samp from sklearn.metrics import roc_curve import numpy as np # 准备真实...

class FocalLoss(nn.Module): # Wraps focal loss around existing loss_fcn(), i.e. criteria = FocalLoss(nn.BCEWithLogitsLoss(), gamma=1.5) def init(self, loss_fcn, gamma=1.5, alpha=0.25): super(FocalLoss, self).init() self.loss_fcn = loss_fcn # must be nn.BCEWithLogitsLoss() self.gamma = gamma self.alpha = alpha self.reduction = loss_fcn.reduction self.loss_fcn.reduction = 'none' # required to apply FL to each element def forward(self, pred, true): loss = self.loss_fcn(pred, true) # p_t = torch.exp(-loss) # loss = self.alpha (1.000001 - p_t) ** self.gamma # non-zero power for gradient stability # TF implementation https://github.com/tensorflow/addons/blob/v0.7.1/tensorflow_addons/losses/focal_loss.py pred_prob = torch.sigmoid(pred) # prob from logits p_t = true * pred_prob + (1 - true) * (1 - pred_prob) alpha_factor = true * self.alpha + (1 - true) * (1 - self.alpha) modulating_factor = (1.0 - p_t) ** self.gamma loss = alpha_factor modulating_factor if self.reduction == 'mean': return loss.mean() elif self.reduction == 'sum': return loss.sum() else: # 'none' return loss

这个代码实现了一个 Focal Loss 损失函数，它是对二分类问题中的交叉熵损失函数的一种改进。它主要通过增加一个可调的超参数 $\gamma$，来调整难易样本的权重，从而解决类别不平衡问题。在代码中，它被实现为一个 ...

if cfg.deepsupervision: masks_preds = net(imgs) loss = 0 for masks_pred in masks_preds: tot_cross_entropy = 0 for true_mask, pred in zip(true_masks, masks_pred): pred = (pred > cfg.out_threshold).float() #二值化处理 if cfg.n_classes > 1: sub_cross_entropy = F.cross_entropy(pred.unsqueeze(dim=0), true_mask.unsqueeze(dim=0).squeeze(1)).item()#计算损失 else: sub_cross_entropy = dice_coeff(pred, true_mask.squeeze(dim=1)).item()#预测分割掩码和真实标签相似度，将两个结果转化为二值化的掩码，然后计算交集并集 tot_cross_entropy += sub_cross_entropy #计算总损失 tot_cross_entropy = tot_cross_entropy / len(masks_preds) #计算平均损失 tot += tot_cross_entropy #计算总平均损失 else: masks_pred = net(imgs) for true_mask, pred in zip(true_masks, masks_pred): pred = (pred > cfg.out_threshold).float() if cfg.n_classes > 1: tot += F.cross_entropy(pred.unsqueeze(dim=0), true_mask.unsqueeze(dim=0).squeeze(1)).item() else: tot += dice_coeff(pred, true_mask.squeeze(dim=1)).item() pbar.update(imgs.shape[0])

这段代码是语义分割任务中的损失计算部分，其中使用了深监督（Deep Supervision）的方法。在深监督中，一个模型通常会产生多个输出，每个输出都对应着...其中pbar.update(imgs.shape[0])表示当前已经处理了多少张图片。

class Net(nn.Module): def init(self,input_size,hidden_size,num_layers,output_size,batch_size,seq_length) -> None: super(Net,self).init() self.input_size=input_size self.hidden_size=hidden_size self.num_layers=num_layers self.output_size=output_size self.batch_size=batch_size self.seq_length=seq_length self.num_directions=1 # 单向LSTM self.lstm=nn.LSTM(input_size=input_size,hidden_size=hidden_size,num_layers=num_layers,batch_first=True) # LSTM层 self.fc=nn.Linear(hidden_size,output_size) # 全连接层 def forward(self,x): # e.g. x(10,3,100) 三个句子，十个单词，一百维的向量,nn.LSTM(input_size=100,hidden_size=20,num_layers=4) # out.shape=(10,3,20) h/c.shape=(4,b,20) batch_size, seq_len = x.size()[0], x.size()[1] # x.shape=(604,3,3) h_0 = torch.randn(self.num_directions * self.num_layers, x.size(0), self.hidden_size) c_0 = torch.randn(self.num_directions * self.num_layers, x.size(0), self.hidden_size) # output(batch_size, seq_len, num_directions * hidden_size) output, _ = self.lstm(x, (h_0, c_0)) # output(5, 30, 64) pred = self.fc(output) # (5, 30, 1) pred = pred[:, -1, :] # (5, 1) return pred改成python代码

batch_size, seq_len = x.size()[0], x.size()[1] h_0 = torch.randn(self.num_directions * self.num_layers, x.size(0), self.hidden_size) c_0 = torch.randn(self.num_directions * self.num_layers, x.size...

data_pred=pd.read_csv('D:/Desktop/统计案例分析/随机森林.csv',index_col=0,encoding='gb2312') index=data_pred.index y_pred=rf.predict(data_pred.values)

其中，读取的数据存储在 'D:/Desktop/统计案例分析/随机森林.csv' 文件中，使用了 pandas 库的 read_csv() 函数读取数据，指定了 index_col=0 参数，将数据的第一列作为索引，指定了 encoding='gb2312' 参数，以 GB...

public void Delete(IRBNode template, out IRBNode deletedAlt) { deletedAlt = null; IRBNode n = LookupNode(template); template = n; if (n == null) return; // Key not found, do nothing if (n.Left != null && n.Right != null) { // Copy key/value from predecessor and then delete it instead IRBNode pred = MaximumNode(n.Left); pred.AssignValueTo(n); n = pred; deletedAlt = pred; } //assert n.left == null || n.right == null; IRBNode child = (n.Right == null) ? n.Left : n.Right; if (NodeColor(n) == Color.BLACK) { n.Color = NodeColor(child); DeleteCase1(n); } ReplaceNode(n, child); if (NodeColor(Root) == Color.RED) { Root.Color = Color.BLACK; } return; }这段代码是什么意思c#

这段代码是一个红黑树的删除操作，用于删除一个给定的节点。具体来说，它接受一个 IRBNode 对象作为模板，查找并删除与该模板匹配的节点。如果该节点存在且有两个子节点，它将使用该节点的前驱节点（左子树的最大...

class BCEBlurWithLogitsLoss(nn.Module): # BCEwithLogitLoss() with reduced missing label effects. def init(self, alpha=0.05): super().init() self.loss_fcn = nn.BCEWithLogitsLoss(reduction='none') # must be nn.BCEWithLogitsLoss() self.alpha = alpha def forward(self, pred, true): loss = self.loss_fcn(pred, true) pred = torch.sigmoid(pred) # prob from logits dx = pred - true # reduce only missing label effects # dx = (pred - true).abs() # reduce missing label and false label effects alpha_factor = 1 - torch.exp((dx - 1) / (self.alpha + 1e-4)) loss *= alpha_factor return loss.mean()这个代码什么意思

具体来说，该函数的输入参数为模型的预测 pred 和真实标签 true，首先通过调用 nn.BCEWithLogitsLoss 计算二元交叉熵损失。接着，将模型的预测值 pred 通过 torch.sigmoid() 转换为概率值，然后计算预测值...

fuzzy_pred = [] for i in range(len(y_pred)): fuzzy_class = np.zeros((3,)) fuzzy_class[y_pred[i]] = 1.0 fuzzy_pred.append(fuzzy_class) fuzzy_pred = np.array(fuzzy_pred) fuzzy_pred = np.argmax(fuzzy_pred, axis=1) report = classification_report(y_test, fuzzy_pred) print(report)该成四分类

fuzzy_pred.append(fuzzy_class) fuzzy_pred = np.array(fuzzy_pred) fuzzy_pred = np.argmax(fuzzy_pred, axis=1) report = classification_report(y_test, fuzzy_pred, labels=[0, 1, 2, 3]) print(report)

# 将预测结果进行后处理 pred = pred.cpu().numpy() # 转换为numpy数组 output_data = input_data.cpu().numpy() output_data = np.reshape(output_data, (int(num + 30), 1)) pred = np.reshape(pred, (31, 1)) pred = np.delete(pred, 0, axis=0) # 输出预测结果 print(pred)在这段代码后加上将pred结果以及使用的文件名输出到Excel中

result_dict = {'File Name': file_name, 'Predicted Value': pred.flatten()} 其中，file_name是文件名，pred.flatten()是将预测结果展平为一维数组。 2. 接下来，将字典转换为Pandas的DataFrame对象，如下所...

此段代码报错怎么处理import numpy as np class Perceptron: def init(self, input_size, lr=0.01, epochs=100): self.W = np.zeros(input_size + 1) self.lr = lr self.epochs = epochs def sigmoid(self, x): return 1 / (1 + np.exp(-x)) def fit(self, X): for i in range(self.epochs): for j in range(len(X)): y_pred = np.dot(X[j].reshape(-1, 1), self.W) * self.sigmoid(X[j]) error = y_pred - X[j][0] delta = error * self.sigmoid(X[j]) * (1 - self.sigmoid(X[j])) self.W = self.W - self.lr * np.dot(X[j].reshape(-1, 1).T, delta) self.W = self.W * self.lr * (1 - self.sigmoid(X[j])) def predict(self, X): y_pred = np.dot(X.reshape(-1, 1), self.W) * self.sigmoid(X) return np.where(y_pred == 1, 1, -1) X = np.array([[1, 1, -1], [1, 2, -1], [2, 2, -1], [2, 1, -1], [3, 3, 1], [3, 4, 1], [4, 4, 1], [4, 3, 1]]) perceptron = Perceptron(input_size=3) perceptron.fit(X)

这段代码的报错是缺失一个 ")" 符号，需要在第5行 "self.W = np.zeros(input_size 1)" 的结尾加上 ")"，即改为 "self.W = np.zeros((input_size, 1))"。这样修改后，代码就可以正常运行了。

y_true = y_true.astype(np.int64) assert y_pred.size == y_true.size D = max(y_pred.max(), y_true.max()) + 1 w = np.zeros((D, D), dtype=np.int64) for i in range(y_pred.size): w[y_pred[i], y_true[i]] += 1 ind = linear_assignment(w.max() - w) return sum([w[i, j] for i, j in ind]) * 1.0 / y_pred.size

具体来说，y_pred和y_true分别表示模型的预测和真实标签，D等于两者中最大的标签加1，w是大小为DxD的矩阵，其中w[i, j]表示预测为i且真实标签为j的样本数量。然后通过匈牙利算法求解最大权匹配，得到ind表示最优匹配...

plotJL <- function(city="JL") { x_label <- seq(from=as.Date("2022/2/25"),to=as.Date("2022/5/25"),by=7) pfile=paste0("Fig_",city,".png") png(pfile,width = 5006,height = 5004) par( mfrow=c(2,2),mar=c(5,5,5,1)*3 ) plot(df.pred$date,df.pred$dI,pch='x',xaxt='n', xlab="Date",ylab="Daily Confirmed" ,cex.lab=3,cex.axis = 2, cex=3) axis(1,x_label,format(x_label,"%m-%d"),las=1,cex.axis=2) title(main = "A",cex.main=3) predlines <- c(1:10) plty <- c(2:11) pcol <- c(2:11) matlines(df.mean$date,df.mean[,3+predlines], lty=1,col=1,lwd = 3) matlines(df.pred$date,df.pred[,3+predlines], lty=plty,col=pcol,lwd = 2) abline(v=df.mean$date[c(18,27)],lty=2) legend("topright",paste("Predicted on",df.pred$date[(18:50)][predlines]), lty=plty,col=pcol,cex = 3,lwd=2 ) plot(df.pred$date,df.pred$dI,pch='x',xaxt='n', xlab="Date",ylab="Daily Confirmed" ,cex.lab=3,cex.axis = 2, cex=3) axis(1,x_label,format(x_label,"%m-%d"),cex.axis=2) title(main = "B",cex.main=3) predlines <- c(11:18) plty <- c(2:9) pcol <- c(2:9) matlines(df.mean$date,df.mean[,3+predlines], lty=1,col=1,lwd = 3) matlines(df.pred$date,df.pred[,3+predlines], lty=plty,col=pcol,lwd = 2) abline(v=df.mean$date[c(28,35)],lty=2) legend("topright",paste("Predicted on",df.pred$date[(18:50)][predlines]), lty=plty,col=pcol,cex = 3,lwd=2 ) plot(df.pred$date,df.pred$dI,pch='x',xaxt='n', xlab="Date",ylab="Daily Confirmed" ,cex.lab=3,cex.axis = 2, cex=3) axis(1,x_label,format(x_label,"%m-%d"),cex.axis=2) title(main = "C",cex.main=3) predlines <- c(19:26) plty <- c(2:9) pcol <- c(2:9) matlines(df.mean$date,df.mean[,3+predlines], lty=1,col=1,lwd = 3) matlines(df.pred$date,df.pred[,3+predlines], lty=plty,col=pcol,lwd = 2) abline(v=df.mean$date[c(36,43)],lty=2) legend("topright",paste("Predicted on",df.pred$date[(18:50)][predlines]), lty=plty,col=pcol,cex = 3,lwd=2 ) plot(df.pred$date,df.pred$dI,pch='x',xaxt='n', xlab="Date",ylab="Daily Confirmed" ,cex.lab=3,cex.axis = 2, cex=3) axis(1,x_label,format(x_label,"%m-%d"),cex.axis=2) title(main = "D",cex.main=3) predlines <- c(27:33) plty <- c(2:8) pcol <- c(2:8) matlines(df.mean$date,df.mean[,3+predlines], lty=1,col=1,lwd = 3) matlines(df.pred$date,df.pred[,3+predlines], lty=plty,col=pcol,lwd = 2) abline(v=df.mean$date[c(44,50)],lty=2) legend("topright",paste("Predicted on",df.pred$date[(18:50)][predlines]), lty=plty,col=pcol,cex = 3,lwd=2 ) dev.off() }

这段代码是用于绘制四个子图的函数，每个子图都是基于来自数据框 df.pred 和 df.mean 的数据绘制的。每个子图都有一个标题（A，B，C，D），并且包含了预测线和实际线。其中预测线是基于预测数据绘制的，实际线是基于...

import pandas as pd import numpy as np from keras.models import load_model # 加载已经训练好的kerasBP模型 model = load_model('D://model.h5') # 读取Excel文件中的数据 data = pd.read_excel('D://数据1.xlsx', sheet_name='4') # 对数据进行预处理，使其符合模型的输入要求# 假设模型的输入是一个包含4个特征的向量# 需要将Excel中的数据转换成一个(n, 4)的二维数组 X = data[['A', 'B', 'C', 'D']].values # 使用模型进行预测 y_pred = model.predict(X) # 对预测结果进行反归一化 y_pred_int = scaler_y.inverse_transform(y_pred).round().astype(int) # 构建带有概率的预测结果 y_pred_prob = pd.DataFrame(y_pred_int, columns=data.columns[:4]) mse = ((y_test - y_pred) 2).mean(axis=None) y_pred_prob['Probability'] = 1 / (1 + mse - ((y_pred_int - y_test) 2).mean(axis=None)) # 过滤掉和值超过6或小于6的预测值 y_pred_filtered = y_pred_prob[(y_pred_prob.iloc[:, :4].sum(axis=1) == 6)] # 去除重复的行 y_pred_filtered = y_pred_filtered.drop_duplicates() # 重新计算低于1.2的 Probability 值 low_prob_indices = y_pred_filtered[y_pred_filtered['Probability'] < 1.5].index for i in low_prob_indices: y_pred_int_i = y_pred_int[i] y_test_i = y_test[i] mse_i = ((y_test_i - y_pred_int_i) 2).mean(axis=None) new_prob_i = 1 / (1 + mse_i - ((y_pred_int_i - y_test_i) 2).mean(axis=None)) y_pred_filtered.at[i, 'Probability'] = new_prob_i # 打印带有概率的预测结果 print('Predicted values with probabilities:') print(y_pred_filtered)

low_prob_indices = y_pred_filtered[y_pred_filtered['Probability'] ].index for i in low_prob_indices: y_pred_int_i = y_pred_int[i] y_test_i = y_test[i] mse_i = ((y_test_i - y_pred_int_i) ** 2)....

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Error in tbl_vars_dispatch(x) : object 'pred.resp.bivar' not found > pred.resp.bivar <- PredictorResponseBivar(fit = fitkm, + min.plot.dist = 0.5, + z.pairs = expos.pairs如何解决

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fuzzy_pred = [] for i in range(len(y_pred)): fuzzy_class = np.zeros((3,)) fuzzy_class[y_pred[i]] = 1.0 fuzzy_pred.append(fuzzy_class) fuzzy_pred = np.array(fuzzy_pred) fuzzy_pred = np.argmax(fuzzy_pred, axis=1) report = classification_report(y_test, fuzzy_pred) print(report)该成四分类

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