if else elif

If-else and elif are conditional statements in programming languages that allow the program to execute different sets of instructions based on certain conditions.

If statement: It is a basic conditional statement that executes a set of instructions if a condition is true. If the condition is false, the program will skip the instructions in the if block.

Syntax:

if condition:
#execute instructions if condition is true

Example:

x = 10
if x > 5:
print("x is greater than 5")

Output: x is greater than 5

Else statement: It is used after an if statement to execute a set of instructions when the condition is false.

Syntax:

if condition:
#execute instructions if condition is true
else:
#execute instructions if condition is false

Example:

x = 3
if x > 5:
print("x is greater than 5")
else:
print("x is less than or equal to 5")

Output: x is less than or equal to 5

Elif statement: It is used to check additional conditions after the if statement. It allows the program to execute different sets of instructions based on multiple conditions.

Syntax:

if condition1:
#execute instructions if condition1 is true
elif condition2:
#execute instructions if condition2 is true
else:
#execute instructions if both condition1 and condition2 are false

Example:

x = 7
if x > 10:
print("x is greater than 10")
elif x > 5:
print("x is greater than 5 but less than or equal to 10")
else:
print("x is less than or equal to 5")

Output: x is greater than 5 but less than or equal to 10