请简单描述强化学习PPO算法,并给出可实现的代码。
时间: 2023-05-15 07:08:10 浏览: 73
强化学习PPO算法是一种基于策略梯度的算法,它通过优化策略来最大化累积奖励。PPO算法的主要思想是通过限制策略更新的幅度,来保证策略的稳定性和收敛性。
以下是一个简单的PPO算法的实现代码:
```
import tensorflow as tf
import numpy as np
class PPO:
def __init__(self, state_dim, action_dim, hidden_dim, lr, clip_ratio):
self.state_dim = state_dim
self.action_dim = action_dim
self.hidden_dim = hidden_dim
self.lr = lr
self.clip_ratio = clip_ratio
self._build_graph()
def _build_graph(self):
self.states = tf.placeholder(tf.float32, [None, self.state_dim], name='states')
self.actions = tf.placeholder(tf.int32, [None], name='actions')
self.advantages = tf.placeholder(tf.float32, [None], name='advantages')
self.old_probs = tf.placeholder(tf.float32, [None, self.action_dim], name='old_probs')
self.old_values = tf.placeholder(tf.float32, [None], name='old_values')
# actor network
with tf.variable_scope('actor'):
h1 = tf.layers.dense(self.states, self.hidden_dim, activation=tf.nn.relu)
h2 = tf.layers.dense(h1, self.hidden_dim, activation=tf.nn.relu)
logits = tf.layers.dense(h2, self.action_dim, activation=None)
self.probs = tf.nn.softmax(logits)
# critic network
with tf.variable_scope('critic'):
h1 = tf.layers.dense(self.states, self.hidden_dim, activation=tf.nn.relu)
h2 = tf.layers.dense(h1, self.hidden_dim, activation=tf.nn.relu)
self.values = tf.layers.dense(h2, 1, activation=None)
# loss functions
advantages = tf.expand_dims(self.advantages, axis=-1)
actions_one_hot = tf.one_hot(self.actions, self.action_dim)
probs = tf.reduce_sum(self.probs * actions_one_hot, axis=-1)
old_probs = tf.reduce_sum(self.old_probs * actions_one_hot, axis=-1)
ratio = probs / old_probs
clipped_ratio = tf.clip_by_value(ratio, 1 - self.clip_ratio, 1 + self.clip_ratio)
actor_loss = -tf.reduce_mean(tf.minimum(ratio * advantages, clipped_ratio * advantages))
critic_loss = tf.reduce_mean(tf.square(self.values - self.old_values))
entropy_loss = tf.reduce_mean(tf.reduce_sum(self.probs * tf.log(self.probs + 1e-10), axis=-1))
self.loss = actor_loss + 0.5 * critic_loss - 0.01 * entropy_loss
# optimizer
self.optimizer = tf.train.AdamOptimizer(self.lr).minimize(self.loss)
def train(self, states, actions, advantages, old_probs, old_values):
feed_dict = {
self.states: states,
self.actions: actions,
self.advantages: advantages,
self.old_probs: old_probs,
self.old_values: old_values
}
_, loss = self.sess.run([self.optimizer, self.loss], feed_dict=feed_dict)
return loss
def predict(self, states):
probs, values = self.sess.run([self.probs, self.values], feed_dict={self.states: states})
actions = np.argmax(probs, axis=-1)
return actions, values
def set_session(self, sess):
self.sess = sess
```
这段代码实现了一个简单的PPO算法,包括actor和critic网络的构建、loss函数的定义、优化器的设置等。在训练时,需要传入状态、动作、优势值、旧的概率和旧的价值等参数,然后进行优化。在预测时,只需要传入状态,就可以得到动作和价值的预测结果。