写一段红黑树的插入代码
时间: 2023-09-25 16:06:51 浏览: 64
### 回答1:
红黑树插入代码: // 创建新节点,并将其设为红色
struct node *newNode = (struct node*)malloc(sizeof(struct node));
newNode->key = key;
newNode->color = RED;
newNode->left = NULL;
newNode->right = NULL; // 插入新节点
struct node *root = insertNode(root, newNode); // 修正红黑树
root = insertFixup(root, newNode); // 修正函数
void insertFixup(struct node *root, struct node *newNode)
{
struct node *parent = NULL;
// 从根节点开始,找到新插入节点的父节点
while (root && root != newNode)
{
parent = root;
if (newNode->key < root->key)
root = root->left;
else
root = root->right;
}
// 修正红色节点的指向
newNode->parent = parent;
// 修正红黑树的性质
fixViolation(root, newNode);
}
### 回答2:
红黑树是一种自平衡的二叉搜索树,插入操作需要保持树的平衡性和红黑规则。以下是一个简化的红黑树插入代码:
```python
# 定义红黑树节点的类
class Node:
def __init__(self, key):
self.key = key
self.left = None
self.right = None
self.parent = None
self.color = None # 定义颜色属性
# 定义红黑树的插入函数
def insert(root, key):
# 创建新节点
node = Node(key)
node.color = "RED" # 新插入节点默认为红色
# 在适当的位置插入节点
parent = None
current = root
while current is not None:
parent = current
if key < current.key:
current = current.left
else:
current = current.right
node.parent = parent
if parent is None:
root = node # 若树为空,则该节点为根节点
elif key < parent.key:
parent.left = node
else:
parent.right = node
# 调整红黑树
insert_fixup(root, node)
# 调整红黑树平衡
def insert_fixup(root, node):
while node.parent is not None and node.parent.color == "RED":
if node.parent == node.parent.parent.left:
uncle = node.parent.parent.right
if uncle is not None and uncle.color == "RED":
node.parent.color = "BLACK"
uncle.color = "BLACK"
node.parent.parent.color = "RED"
node = node.parent.parent
else:
if node == node.parent.right:
node = node.parent
left_rotate(root, node)
node.parent.color = "BLACK"
node.parent.parent.color = "RED"
right_rotate(root, node.parent.parent)
else:
uncle = node.parent.parent.left
if uncle is not None and uncle.color == "RED":
node.parent.color = "BLACK"
uncle.color = "BLACK"
node.parent.parent.color = "RED"
node = node.parent.parent
else:
if node == node.parent.left:
node = node.parent
right_rotate(root, node)
node.parent.color = "BLACK"
node.parent.parent.color = "RED"
left_rotate(root, node.parent.parent)
root.color = "BLACK" # 根节点始终为黑色
# 左旋操作
def left_rotate(root, node):
right_child = node.right
node.right = right_child.left
if right_child.left is not None:
right_child.left.parent = node
right_child.parent = node.parent
if node.parent is None:
root = right_child
elif node == node.parent.left:
node.parent.left = right_child
else:
node.parent.right = right_child
right_child.left = node
node.parent = right_child
# 右旋操作
def right_rotate(root, node):
left_child = node.left
node.left = left_child.right
if left_child.right is not None:
left_child.right.parent = node
left_child.parent = node.parent
if node.parent is None:
root = left_child
elif node == node.parent.left:
node.parent.left = left_child
else:
node.parent.right = left_child
left_child.right = node
node.parent = left_child
```
以上是一个简化版本的红黑树插入代码,用于向红黑树中插入一个节点并保持树的平衡性和红黑规则。实际应用中,可能需要根据具体情况进行更多的处理。