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首页IEEE 802.3-2012标准:以太网接入网络规范
"IEEE Std 802.3-2012-section5 是一份官方标准文档,详细规定了以太网在订阅者接入网络中的应用和技术细节。文档涵盖了从Clause 56到Clause 77以及Annex 57A到Annex 76A的内容。"
这篇文档主要涉及以下几个关键知识点:
1. **以太网接入网络概述** (56.1 Overview)
- 提供了对点对点(P2P)子层和点对多点(P2MP)子层的总结。点对点子层主要处理单个连接,而点对多点子层则涉及到多个设备间的通信,比如以太网到家庭或企业的接入。
- 多点MAC控制协议(MPCP)是P2MP子层中的一个重要组成部分,用于控制和管理接入点与多个终端之间的通信。
- 和解子层(RS)和媒体独立接口(MIIs)也在此部分被提及,它们是确保不同物理层设备之间兼容性的重要机制。
2. **物理层信号系统** (56.1.3 Physical Layer signaling systems)
- 这一部分详细描述了以太网接入网络中使用的各种物理层信号系统,包括不同的传输速度、编码方式和物理介质。
3. **管理** (56.1.4 Management)
- 详细介绍了网络管理功能,如配置、监控、故障检测和性能管理等,这些都是确保网络稳定运行的关键元素。
4. **单向传输** (56.1.5 Unidirectional transmission)
- 讨论了单向传输的概念,可能涉及到单纤传输技术或者特定应用场景下的数据传输方式。
5. **状态图** (56.2 State diagrams)
- 描述了网络设备和协议的不同状态以及它们之间的转换,这对于理解协议行为和网络操作至关重要。
6. **协议实施一致性声明(PICS)表格** (56.3 Protocol implementation conformance statement (PICS) proforma)
- PICS是评估设备是否符合标准规定的一套测试参数,帮助开发者和制造商确保其产品符合IEEE 802.3标准。
7. **操作、管理和维护(OAM)** (57 Operations, Administration, and Maintenance)
- OAM是一组功能,用于检测、诊断和修复网络问题,保证服务质量和可靠性。它包括范围、目标、非目标、在IEEE 802.3架构中的定位以及与其他标准的兼容性等方面的内容。
8. **OAM的兼容性考虑** (57.1.5 Compatibility considerations)
- 阐述了OAM如何与其他网络技术和协议协同工作,以及应用方面的注意事项。
这份文档是网络工程师、设备制造商和服务提供商的重要参考资料,对于理解和实现以太网接入网络的标准操作具有指导意义。通过深入学习,读者可以掌握从网络设计到故障排查的各个环节,以确保高效可靠的网络服务。
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16 Copyright © 2012 IEEE. All rights reserved.
66.2 Modifications to the physical coding sublayer (PCS) and physical medium attachment
(PMA) sublayer, type 1000BASE-X ........................................................................................ 375
66.2.1 Overview........................................................................................................................... 375
66.2.2 Functional specifications .................................................................................................. 375
66.2.2.1 Variables ................................................................................................................. 376
66.2.2.2 Transmit .................................................................................................................. 376
66.2.2.3 Transmit state diagram............................................................................................ 376
66.3 Modifications to the reconciliation sublayer (RS) for P2P 10 Gb/s operation ......................... 377
66.3.1 Overview........................................................................................................................... 377
66.3.2 Functional specifications .................................................................................................. 377
66.3.2.1 Link fault signaling................................................................................................. 377
66.3.2.2 Variables ................................................................................................................. 377
66.3.2.3 State diagram .......................................................................................................... 377
66.4 Modifications to the RS for P2MP 10 Gb/s operation.............................................................. 378
66.4.1 Overview........................................................................................................................... 378
66.4.2 Functional specifications .................................................................................................. 378
66.4.2.1 Link fault signaling................................................................................................. 378
66.4.2.2 Variables ................................................................................................................. 378
66.4.2.3 State diagram .......................................................................................................... 378
66.5 Protocol implementation conformance statement (PICS) proforma for Clause 66,
Extensions of the 10 Gb/s Reconciliation Sublayer (RS), 100BASE-X PHY, and
1000BASE-X PHY for unidirectional transport....................................................................... 380
66.5.1 Introduction....................................................................................................................... 380
66.5.2 Identification..................................................................................................................... 380
66.5.2.1 Implementation identification................................................................................. 380
66.5.2.2 Protocol summary ................................................................................................... 380
66.5.3 Major capabilities/options................................................................................................. 381
66.5.4 PICS proforma tables for Extensions of the 10 Gb/s Reconciliation Sublayer (RS),
100BASE-X PHY, and 1000BASE-X PHY for unidirectional transport......................... 381
66.5.4.1 Maintaining compatibility with IEEE 802.1 protocols........................................... 381
66.5.4.2 Extensions of the 100BASE-X PHY ...................................................................... 381
66.5.4.3 Extensions of the 1000BASE-X PHY .................................................................... 382
66.5.4.4 Extensions of the 10 Gb/s P2P RS.......................................................................... 382
66.5.4.5 Extensions of the 10 Gb/s P2MP RS ...................................................................... 383
67. System considerations for Ethernet subscriber access networks ........................................................ 385
67.1 Overview................................................................................................................................... 385
67.2 Discussion and examples of EFM P2MP topologies................................................................ 386
67.2.1 Trade off between link span and split ratio....................................................................... 386
67.2.2 Single splitter topology..................................................................................................... 386
67.2.3 Tree-and-branch topology................................................................................................. 386
67.2.4 Interoperability between certain 1000BASE-PX10 and 1000BASE-PX20 ..................... 387
67.3 Hybrid media topologies........................................................................................................... 387
67.4 Topology limitations................................................................................................................. 387
67.5 Deployment restrictions for subscriber access copper.............................................................. 387
67.6 Operations, Administration, and Maintenance ......................................................................... 388
67.6.1 Unidirectional links........................................................................................................... 388
67.6.2 Active and Passive modes................................................................................................. 388
67.6.3 Link status signaling in P2MP networks .......................................................................... 388
68. Physical medium dependent (PMD) sublayer type 10GBASE-LRM ................................................ 389
68.1 Overview................................................................................................................................... 389
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Copyright © 2012 IEEE. All rights reserved. 17
68.1.1 Physical Medium Dependent (PMD) sublayer service interface...................................... 389
68.2 Delay constraints....................................................................................................................... 389
68.3 PMD MDIO function mapping................................................................................................. 389
68.4 PMD functional specifications.................................................................................................. 390
68.4.1 PMD block diagram.......................................................................................................... 390
68.4.2 PMD transmit function .....................................................................................................390
68.4.3 PMD receive function....................................................................................................... 390
68.4.4 PMD signal detect function .............................................................................................. 390
68.4.5 PMD_reset function.......................................................................................................... 391
68.4.6 PMD_fault function .......................................................................................................... 391
68.4.7 PMD_global_transmit_disable function ........................................................................... 391
68.4.8 PMD_transmit_fault function ........................................................................................... 391
68.4.9 PMD_receive_fault function............................................................................................. 391
68.5 PMD to MDI optical specifications .......................................................................................... 392
68.5.1 Transmitter optical specifications..................................................................................... 392
68.5.2 Characteristics of signal within, and at the receiving end of, a compliant 10GBASE-
LRM channel (informative) .............................................................................................. 392
68.5.3 Receiver optical specifications ......................................................................................... 392
68.5.3.1 Dynamic response................................................................................................... 392
68.6 Definitions of optical parameters and measurement methods .................................................. 392
68.6.1 Test patterns and related subclauses for optical parameters ............................................. 393
68.6.2 Optical modulation amplitude (OMA) ............................................................................. 393
68.6.3 Extinction ratio measurement ........................................................................................... 393
68.6.4 Relationship between OMA, extinction ratio and average power (informative).............. 393
68.6.5 Transmitter optical waveform—transmitter eye mask ..................................................... 396
68.6.5.1 Transmitter eye mask acceptable hit count examples (informative) ...................... 396
68.6.6 Transmitter waveform and dispersion penalty (TWDP)................................................... 397
68.6.6.1 TWDP measurement procedure.............................................................................. 398
68.6.6.2 TWDP signal processing algorithm, ...................................................................... 400
68.6.7 Transmitter signal to noise ratio ....................................................................................... 402
68.6.8 Transmitter uncorrelated jitter .......................................................................................... 403
68.6.9 Comprehensive stressed receiver sensitivity and overload............................................... 404
68.6.9.1 Comprehensive stressed receiver sensitivity and overload test block diagram ...... 404
68.6.9.2 Comprehensive stressed receiver test signal characteristics................................... 405
68.6.9.3 Comprehensive stressed receiver test signal calibration......................................... 406
68.6.9.4 Comprehensive stressed receiver test procedure .................................................... 406
68.6.10 Simple stressed receiver sensitivity and overload (informative) ...................................... 409
68.6.11 Receiver jitter tolerance .................................................................................................... 409
68.7 Safety, installation, environment, and labeling......................................................................... 410
68.7.1 Safety ................................................................................................................................ 410
68.7.2 Installation ........................................................................................................................ 410
68.7.3 Environment...................................................................................................................... 410
68.7.4 PMD labeling.................................................................................................................... 410
68.8 Fiber optic cabling model ......................................................................................................... 410
68.9 Characteristics of the fiber optic cabling (channel) .................................................................. 410
68.9.1 Optical fiber and cable...................................................................................................... 411
68.9.2 Optical fiber connections .................................................................................................. 411
68.9.2.1 Connection insertion loss........................................................................................ 411
68.9.2.2 Maximum discrete reflectance................................................................................ 411
68.9.3 Single-mode fiber offset-launch mode-conditioning patch cord ...................................... 412
68.10 Protocol implementation conformance statement (PICS) proforma for Clause 68, Physical
medium dependent (PMD) sublayer type 10GBASE-LRM ..................................................... 413
68.10.1 Introduction....................................................................................................................... 413
68.10.2 Identification..................................................................................................................... 413
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18 Copyright © 2012 IEEE. All rights reserved.
68.10.2.1 Implementation identification................................................................................. 413
68.10.2.2 Protocol summary ................................................................................................... 413
68.10.2.3 Major capabilities/options....................................................................................... 414
68.10.3 PICS proforma tables for physical medium dependent (PMD) sublayer type
10GBASE-LRM ............................................................................................................... 414
68.10.3.1 PMD functional specifications ............................................................................... 414
68.10.3.2 Management functions............................................................................................ 415
68.10.3.3 PMD to MDI optical specifications ........................................................................ 415
68.10.3.4 Definitions of optical parameters and measurement methods ................................ 416
68.10.3.5 Safety, installation, environment, and labeling....................................................... 416
68.10.3.6 Characteristics of the fiber optic cabling (channel) ................................................ 417
69. Introduction to Ethernet operation over electrical backplanes ........................................................... 419
69.1 Overview................................................................................................................................... 419
69.1.1 Scope................................................................................................................................. 419
69.1.2 Objectives ......................................................................................................................... 419
69.1.3 Relationship of Backplane Ethernet to the ISO OSI reference model.............................. 420
69.2 Summary of Backplane Ethernet Sublayers ............................................................................. 421
69.2.1 Reconciliation sublayer and media independent interfaces.............................................. 421
69.2.2 Management interface....................................................................................................... 421
69.2.3 Physical Layer signaling systems ..................................................................................... 421
69.2.4 Auto-Negotiation .............................................................................................................. 422
69.2.5 Management...................................................................................................................... 422
69.2.6 Low-Power Idle ................................................................................................................ 422
69.3 Delay constraints....................................................................................................................... 422
69.4 State diagrams........................................................................................................................... 423
69.5 Protocol implementation conformance statement (PICS) proforma......................................... 424
70. Physical Medium Dependent sublayer and baseband medium, type 1000BASE-KX ....................... 425
70.1 Overview................................................................................................................................... 425
70.2 Physical Medium Dependent (PMD) service interface ............................................................ 425
70.2.1 PMD_RXQUIET.request.................................................................................................. 426
70.2.1.1 Semantics of the service primitive.......................................................................... 426
70.2.1.2 When generated ...................................................................................................... 426
70.2.1.3 Effect of receipt ...................................................................................................... 426
70.2.2 PMD_TXQUIET.request.................................................................................................. 426
70.2.2.1 Semantics of the service primitive.......................................................................... 426
70.2.2.2 When generated ...................................................................................................... 426
70.2.2.3 Effect of receipt ...................................................................................................... 426
70.3 PCS requirements for Auto-Negotiation (AN) service interface.............................................. 426
70.4 Delay constraints....................................................................................................................... 426
70.5 PMD MDIO function mapping................................................................................................. 427
70.6 PMD functional specifications.................................................................................................. 427
70.6.1 Link block diagram........................................................................................................... 427
70.6.2 PMD transmit function .....................................................................................................428
70.6.3 PMD receive function.....................................................................................................
.. 428
70.6.4 PMD signal detect function .............................................................................................. 428
70.6.5 PMD transmit disable function ......................................................................................... 429
70.6.6 Loopback mode................................................................................................................. 429
70.6.7 PMD fault function ........................................................................................................... 429
70.6.8 PMD transmit fault function ............................................................................................. 429
70.6.9 PMD receive fault function............................................................................................... 429
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Copyright © 2012 IEEE. All rights reserved. 19
70.6.10 PMD LPI function ............................................................................................................ 429
70.7 1000BASE-KX electrical characteristics.................................................................................. 430
70.7.1 Transmitter characteristics................................................................................................ 430
70.7.1.1 Test fixtures ............................................................................................................ 431
70.7.1.2 Test fixture impedance............................................................................................ 431
70.7.1.3 Signaling speed ....................................................................................................... 431
70.7.1.4 Differential output eye mask................................................................................... 431
70.7.1.5 Output amplitude .................................................................................................... 432
70.7.1.6 Differential output return loss................................................................................. 433
70.7.1.7 Transition time........................................................................................................ 433
70.7.1.8 Transmit jitter .........................................................................................................434
70.7.1.9 Transmit jitter test requirements ............................................................................. 434
70.7.2 Receiver characteristics .................................................................................................... 434
70.7.2.1 Receiver interference tolerance .............................................................................. 434
70.7.2.2 Signaling speed range ............................................................................................. 435
70.7.2.3 AC-coupling............................................................................................................ 435
70.7.2.4 Input signal amplitude ............................................................................................ 435
70.7.2.5 Differential input return loss................................................................................... 435
70.8 Interconnect characteristics....................................................................................................... 436
70.9 Environmental specifications.................................................................................................... 436
70.9.1 General safety ................................................................................................................... 436
70.9.2 Network safety.................................................................................................................. 436
70.9.3 Installation and maintenance guidelines ........................................................................... 436
70.9.4 Electromagnetic compatibility.......................................................................................... 436
70.9.5 Temperature and humidity................................................................................................ 436
70.10 Protocol implementation conformance statement (PICS) proforma for Clause 70, Physical
Medium Dependent (PMD) sublayer and baseband medium, type 1000BASE-KX................ 437
70.10.1 Introduction....................................................................................................................... 437
70.10.2 Identification..................................................................................................................... 437
70.10.2.1 Implementation identification................................................................................. 437
70.10.2.2 Protocol summary ................................................................................................... 437
70.10.3 Major capabilities/options................................................................................................. 438
70.10.4 PICS proforma tables for Clause 70, Physical Medium Dependent (PMD) sublayer
and baseband medium, type 1000BASE-KX. .................................................................. 439
70.10.4.1 PMD functional specifications................................................................................ 439
70.10.4.2 Management functions............................................................................................ 440
70.10.4.3 Transmitter electrical characteristics ...................................................................... 440
70.10.4.4 Receiver electrical characteristics........................................................................... 441
70.10.4.5 Environmental and safety specifications ................................................................ 441
71. Physical Medium Dependent sublayer and baseband medium, type 10GBASE-KX4....................... 443
71.1 Overview................................................................................................................................... 443
71.2 Physical Medium Dependent (PMD) service interface ............................................................ 443
71.2.1 PMD_RXQUIET.request.................................................................................................. 444
71.2.1.1 Semantics of the service primitive.......................................................................... 444
71.2.1.2 When generated ...................................................................................................... 444
71.2.1.3 Effect of receipt ......................................................................................................
444
71.2.2 PMD_TXQUIET.request.................................................................................................. 444
71.2.2.1 Semantics of the service primitive.......................................................................... 444
71.2.2.2 When generated ...................................................................................................... 444
71.2.2.3 Effect of receipt ...................................................................................................... 444
71.3 PCS requirements for Auto-Negotiation (AN) service interface.............................................. 444
71.4 Delay constraints....................................................................................................................... 445
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20 Copyright © 2012 IEEE. All rights reserved.
71.5 PMD MDIO function mapping................................................................................................. 445
71.6 PMD functional specifications.................................................................................................. 445
71.6.1 Link block diagram........................................................................................................... 445
71.6.2 PMD Transmit function .................................................................................................... 446
71.6.3 PMD Receive function......................................................................................................447
71.6.4 Global PMD signal detect function .................................................................................. 447
71.6.5 PMD lane-by-lane signal detect function ......................................................................... 447
71.6.6 Global PMD transmit disable function ............................................................................. 447
71.6.7 PMD lane-by-lane transmit disable function .................................................................... 447
71.6.8 Loopback mode................................................................................................................. 448
71.6.9 PMD fault function ........................................................................................................... 448
71.6.10 PMD transmit fault function ............................................................................................. 448
71.6.11 PMD receive fault function...............................................................................................448
71.6.12 PMD LPI function ............................................................................................................ 448
71.7 Electrical characteristics for 10GBASE-KX4 .......................................................................... 449
71.7.1 Transmitter characteristics................................................................................................ 449
71.7.1.1 Test fixtures ............................................................................................................ 450
71.7.1.2 Test fixture impedance............................................................................................ 450
71.7.1.3 Signaling speed ....................................................................................................... 450
71.7.1.4 Output amplitude .................................................................................................... 450
71.7.1.5 Output return loss.................................................................................................... 451
71.7.1.6 Differential output template.................................................................................... 452
71.7.1.7 Transition time........................................................................................................ 454
71.7.1.8 Transmit jitter .........................................................................................................454
71.7.1.9 Transmit jitter test requirements ............................................................................. 454
71.7.2 Receiver characteristics .................................................................................................... 454
71.7.2.1 Receiver interference tolerance .............................................................................. 455
71.7.2.2 Signaling speed ....................................................................................................... 455
71.7.2.3 AC-coupling............................................................................................................ 455
71.7.2.4 Input signal amplitude ............................................................................................ 455
71.7.2.5 Differential input return loss................................................................................... 456
71.8 Interconnect characteristics....................................................................................................... 456
71.9 Environmental specifications.................................................................................................... 456
71.9.1 General safety ................................................................................................................... 456
71.9.2 Network safety.................................................................................................................. 456
71.9.3 Installation and maintenance guidelines ........................................................................... 456
71.9.4 Electromagnetic compatibility.......................................................................................... 456
71.9.5 Temperature and humidity................................................................................................ 456
71.10 Protocol implementation conformance statement (PICS) proforma for Clause 71, Physical
Medium Dependent (PMD) sublayer and baseband medium, type 10GBASE-KX4............... 457
71.10.1 Introduction....................................................................................................................... 457
71.10.2 Identification..................................................................................................................... 457
71.10.2.1 Implementation identification................................................................................. 457
71.10.2.2 Protocol summary ................................................................................................... 457
71.10.3 Major capabilities/options................................................................................................. 458
71.10.4 PICS proforma tables for Clause 71, Physical Medium Dependent (PMD) sublayer
and baseband medium, type 10GBASE-KX4................................................................... 458
71.10.4.1 PCS requirements for AN service interface............................................................ 458
71.10.4.2 PMD functional specifications................................................................................ 459
71.10.4.3 Management functions............................................................................................ 461
71.10.4.4 Transmitter electrical characteristics ...................................................................... 462
71.10.4.5 Receiver electrical characteristics........................................................................... 463
71.10.4.6 Environmental and safety specifications ................................................................ 463
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