微软Azure服务平台详解：Windows Azure, .NET Services, SQL Services
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"Windows Azure是微软推出的云计算平台，旨在提供一种基于互联网的计算服务，帮助企业和个人开发者构建、部署和管理应用程序及服务。这个平台由多个组件构成，包括Windows Azure、.NET Services、SQL Services以及Live Services。
Windows Azure是Azure服务平台的核心，它是一个运行在数据中心全球网络上的操作系统，为开发者提供了构建分布式应用程序的基础。开发者可以在Windows Azure上运行自己的应用程序，无需购买和维护物理硬件。Azure支持多种编程模型，如.NET、PHP、Java和Python，允许开发者选择他们熟悉的语言进行开发。
.NET Services是Azure的一部分，包含Access Control Service（ACS）、Service Bus和Workflow Service。ACS提供了身份验证和授权服务，使得应用程序可以轻松地集成多种身份验证提供者。Service Bus则是一个消息传递基础设施，用于连接云中的不同组件或在云与企业内部系统之间建立通信。Workflow Service则允许开发者创建和执行复杂的业务流程和服务工作流。
SQL Services提供了基于云的关系数据库服务，包括SQL Azure数据库，它是一个可扩展的、高可用的数据库服务，可替代传统的本地SQL Server。用户可以存储和管理数据，并确保数据的安全性和可靠性。
Live Services则主要关注用户交互和社交功能，它包括Live Connect，使得开发者能够将Microsoft Live账号整合到应用程序中，实现用户身份验证和数据同步。此外，Live Mesh提供了设备间的数据同步和远程访问能力，使用户可以从不同的设备上访问和共享信息。
在Azure Services Platform中，应用程序可以充分利用这些服务进行设计。例如，一个Web应用可以使用Windows Azure运行，利用.NET Services进行安全控制和通信，将数据存储在SQL Services中，并通过Live Services实现用户登录和跨设备同步。这种架构让开发者专注于应用程序的业务逻辑，而将基础设施的管理和扩展交给Azure。
总结来说，Windows Azure代表了微软在云计算领域的重大举措，它为开发者提供了一套全面的工具和服务，以构建、托管和扩展云计算解决方案，同时减少了对本地硬件的依赖。随着技术的不断发展，Azure持续进化，增加了更多功能，如容器服务、物联网(IoT)解决方案和人工智能(AI)工具，以适应不断变化的市场需求。"
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provides queues for communication between components of Windows Azure applications, and even
offers a form of tables with a straightforward query language.
Running applications and storing their data in the cloud can have clear benefits. Rather than buying,
installing, and operating its own systems, for example, an organization can rely on a cloud provider to do
this for them. Also, customers pay just for the computing and storage they use, rather than maintaining a
large set of servers only for peak loads. And if they’re written correctly, applications can scale easily,
taking advantage of the enormous data centers that cloud providers offer.
Yet achieving these benefits requires effective management. In Windows Azure, each application has a
configuration file, as shown in Figure 2. By changing the information in this file manually or
programmatically, an application’s owner can control various aspects of its behavior, such as setting the
number of instances that Windows Azure should run. The Windows Azure fabric monitors the application
to maintain this desired state.
To let its customers create, configure, and monitor applications, Windows Azure provides a browser-
accessible portal. A customer provides a Windows Live ID, then chooses whether to create a hosting
account for running applications, a storage account for storing data, or both. An application is free to
charge its customers in any way it likes: subscriptions, per-use fees, or anything else.
Windows Azure is a general platform that can be used in various scenarios. Here are a few examples, all
based on what the CTP version allows:
A start-up creating a new Web site—the next Facebook, say—could build its application on Windows
Azure. Because this platform supports both Web-facing services and background processes, the
application can provide an interactive user interface as well as executing work for users
asynchronously. Rather than spending time and money worrying about infrastructure, the start-up
can instead focus solely on creating code that provides value to its users and investors. The company
can also start small, incurring low costs while its application has only a few users. If their application
catches on and usage increases, Windows Azure can scale the application as needed.
An ISV creating a software-as-a-service (SaaS) version of an existing on-premises .NET application
might choose to build it on Windows Azure. Because Windows Azure mostly provides a standard .NET
environment, moving the application’s .NET business logic to this cloud platform won’t typically pose
many problems. And once again, building on an existing platform lets the ISV focus on their business
logic—the thing that makes them money—rather than spending time on infrastructure.
An enterprise creating an application for its customers might choose to build it on Windows Azure.
Because Windows Azure is .NET-based, developers with the right skills aren’t difficult to find, nor are
they prohibitively expensive. Running the application in Microsoft’s data centers frees the enterprise
from the responsibility and expense of managing its own servers, turning capital expenses into
operating expenses. And especially if the application has spikes in usage—maybe it’s an on-line
flower store that must handle the Mother’s Day rush—letting Microsoft maintain the large server
base required for this can make economic sense.
Running applications in the cloud is one of the most important aspects of cloud computing. With
Windows Azure, Microsoft provides a platform for doing this, along with a way to store application data.
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