Java 3D入门教程v1.6.2 (Java 3D API v1.2) - 最新版详解

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Java 3D Tutorial v1.6.2 是一个针对初学者设计的教程，基于 Java 3D API v1.2。这个教程是当时能找到的最新版本，对于想要了解和学习Java 3D编程技术的人来说，是一份宝贵的参考资料。Java 3D 是一个强大的3D图形处理和可视化库，它允许开发者在Java环境中创建复杂的3D场景，包括游戏、虚拟现实应用以及科学可视化等。该教程的第一章概述了Java 3D的基本概念，并介绍了整个API的结构和目的。作为入门指南，它旨在帮助读者快速上手，理解如何在Java环境中利用Java 3D进行3D图形编程。作者Dennis J. Bouvier确保了教程内容的全面性和实用性，适合那些对图形编程感兴趣但缺乏经验的学习者。教程中包含了以下关键知识点： 1. **Java 3D API简介**：讲解了Java 3D API的主要组件，如几何体、光照、纹理、渲染器、相机和动画系统，以及它们在构建3D世界中的作用。 2. **安装和配置**：指导用户如何在开发环境中设置和配置Java 3D，包括JDK的安装和Java 3D库的引入。 3. **基本示例**：通过一系列简单示例演示如何创建基本的3D对象，如立方体、球体和模型，以及如何操控和渲染这些对象。 4. **光照和材质**：介绍如何使用不同的光照模型（如点光源、平行光）和材质（如漫反射、镜面反射）来增强3D场景的视觉效果。 5. **动画和交互**：探讨如何实现对象的运动、变形和交互，例如使用关键帧动画或鼠标/键盘输入控制。 6. **性能优化**：提供了一些关于提高3D应用程序性能的技巧，包括减少冗余计算、合理使用纹理和渲染策略。 7. **高级主题**：涉及更复杂的技术，如网络渲染、多线程优化以及与WebGL和VR的集成，供进阶用户探索。 8. **附录和参考资料**：包含了API文档链接、常见问题解答以及进一步学习的资源，帮助读者在学习过程中查阅和深入研究。由于版权和免责声明的存在，SUN Microsystems强调该教程提供的信息可能随时更新，且不提供任何形式的质保，包括产品适用性或特定用途的适配性。在使用教程时，用户需自行承担可能遇到的技术错误或由此产生的间接损失。 Java 3D Tutorial v1.6.2 是一个非常有价值的资源，对于希望掌握Java平台3D图形开发的人员来说，它提供了坚实的基础和实践指导。随着科技的进步，虽然后续版本的Java 3D API可能会有所发展，这个教程仍然具有参考价值，可以帮助理解早期3D编程的核心概念。

Getting Started with the Java 3D API A. Summary of Example Programs

The Java 3D Tutorial 0-13

0.2.7

Light

examples/light/LightsNPlanes.java

This program renders a scene where three planes are lit by three different lights. One light is directional,

one is a point light, and one is a spot light. See Figure 6-16.

examples/light/LitPlane.java

This program is a basic example of using lights. It renders a scene with a plane and a sphere. See Figure

6-2.

examples/light/LitSphere.java

This program is a basic example of using lights. It renders a scene with a single sphere. See Figure 6-15,

among others.

examples/light/LitTwist.java

This program demonstrates the lighting of a two sided object (

setBackFaceNormalsFlip()

).See

Figure 6-21.

examples/light/LightScope.java

This program demonstrates the use of scoping to limit the influence of light sources. See Figure 6-25.

examples/light/LocalEyeApp.java

This program illustrates the difference between local eye lighting and infinite eye lighting. See Figure 6-

29.

examples/light/ShadowApp.java

This program demonstates SimpleShadow class. SimpleShadow creates shadow polygons for simple

visual objects in certain scenes. See Figure 6-28.

examples/light/ShininessApp.java

This program renders a static scene of nine spheres with different material properties. The only

difference among the material properties of the spheres is the shininess value. See Figure 6-20.

examples/light/SpotLightApp.java

This program illustrates the difference various values for the spot light parameters make in rendering.

See Figure 6-18.

0.2.8

Texture

examples/texture/BoundaryColorApp

This program loads a single texture image into four Texture2D objects for use with four visual objects.

Each of the four textures are configured with a Boundary Color and different Boundary Mode settings.

The resulting image illustrates the interaction between the Boundary Mode setting in the presence of a

Boundary Color.

examples/texture/BoundaryModeApp

This program loads a single texture image into four Texture2D objects for use with four visual objects.

Each of the four textures are configured with a different set of Boundary Mode settings (CLAMP or

Getting Started with the Java 3D API A. Summary of Example Programs

The Java 3D Tutorial 0-14

WRAP). The resulting image illustrates the possible combinations of Boundary Mode setting for a 2D

texture.

examples/texture/MIPmapApp

This program loads a single texture image into a Texture2D object with the MIPmap Mode set to

MULTI_LEVEL. The images for each level (other than the base level) are created at runtime from the

loaded base image by the TextureLoader utility. Compare this program to MIPmapApp2.

examples/texture/MIPmapApp2

This program loads multiple texture images into a Texture2D object with the MIPmap Mode set to

MULTI_LEVEL. Each image is loaded by the TextureLoader utility. Compare this program to

MIPmapApp.

examples/texture/MIPmapDemo

This program loads multiple texture images into a Texture2D object with the MIPmap Mode set to

MULTI_LEVEL. Each image is loaded by the TextureLoader utility. The texture images used

distinguish this application from the typical MIPmap application. The textures are solid color and

alternate between red and green on each level. The resulting image shows how textures from a variety of

levels can be used for a single visual object.

examples/texture/SimpleTextureApp

This is a very simple example using a texture for a single plane. This application is the result of the

straightforward application of the simple texture recipe presented in Section 7.2. See also the

TexturedPlaneApp.

examples/texture/SimpleTextureSpinApp

This application takes the SimpleTextureApp one step further and animates the textured plane. It

illustrates the single sided nature of textured objects.

examples/texture/Text2DTextureApp

A Text2D object (see chapter 3)creates its image using a Texture2D object. This program applies the

texture created by texture Text2D object to another object.

examples/texture/TextureCoordApp

Each of the four planes in this application is textured with the same texture, but each plane is different.

This program demonstrates some of the alternate orientations a texture may have when applied to a

plane. More texture orientations are demonstrated in TextureRequestApp.

examples/texture/TextureCoordGenApp

In this program a TexCoordGeneration object is used to create the texture coordinates at runtime. This

allows the programmer to ignore this detail. It is especially useful for adding textures to visual objects

loaded from files. Also, the TexCoordGeneration object is capable of creating varying texture

coordinates (in EYE_LINEAR mode) which would hardly be possible otherwise.

examples/texture/TexturedLineApp

This program uses a 1D texture to texture the lines (not the filled polygons) of some geometry. It is an

example of a less common application of textures.

Getting Started with the Java 3D API B. Reference Material

The Java 3D Tutorial 0-16

0.3

(Appendix B) Reference Material

0.3.1

Books

Henry Sowizral, Kevin Rushforth, and Michael Deering,

The Java 3D API Specification

Addison-

Wesley, Reading, Mass., December 1997. ISBN 0-201-32576-4

This book describes version 1.0 of the Java 3D API. There are some differences between this

specification and the current release of the product. It is comprehensive in coverage, but not intended as

a programmer’s guide.

It is also available online at

http://java.sun.com/products/java-media/3D

It is also available in Japanese: translated by Yukio Andoh, Rika Takeuchi; ISBN 4-7561-3017-8

Ken Arnold and James Gosling,

The Java Programming Language

, Addison-Wesley, Reading, Mass.

The Java reference.

David M. Geary,

graphic JAVA Mastering the AWT

, Sunsoft Press, 1997

Complete coverage of the AWT.

Foley, vanDam, Feiner, and Hughes,

Computer Graphics

, Addison-Wesley

This book is widely considered the “bible of computer graphics”. Comprehensive coverage of general

computer graphics concepts including representation of points, lines, surfaces, and transformations.

Other topics include projection, texturing, z-buffer, and many, many others.

OpenGL ARB,

OpenGL Programming Guide

Addison-Wesley

While not directly related, this book provides a good foundation in graphics programming via the

OpenGL API. Java 3D resembles OpenGL in many ways and some implementations of Java 3D are built

on an OpenGL implementation.

0.3.2

The Java 3D API can be downloaded from the Java 3D Home Page:

http://java.sun.com/products/java-media/3D/

Follow the "Java 3D Implementation" link to the

download.html

page. Also from this page, you can

download documentation for Java 3D API classes.

0.3.3

Sun Java Web Pages

For additional information, refer to these Sun Microsystems pages on the World Wide Web:

http://java.sun.com/products/java-media/3D

The Java 3D marketing homepage, this links to many related pages.

http://java.sun.com/

The Java Software web site, with the latest information on Java technology, product information, news,

and features.

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