Oracle RMAN备份与恢复官方指南详解

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Oracle Database Backup and Recovery User's Guide (11g Release 2, 11.2) 是Oracle官方发布的文档，专为数据库管理员（DBA）提供详尽的指导，内容涵盖RMAN（Recovery Manager）备份与恢复技术。RMAN是Oracle数据库管理的核心工具，用于保护数据安全，确保在发生故障时能够快速恢复关键业务操作。该文档详细解释了RMAN备份策略，包括全面备份、增量备份、差异备份以及归档日志备份，这些都是数据保护的基础。它强调了RMAN的高级特性，如多时间点恢复、多段恢复和并行操作，以提升备份效率和恢复速度。此外，文档还讨论了如何设置和管理RMAN配置，以及如何进行数据传输，比如远程复制和数据泵迁移，这对于维护分布式环境中的数据一致性至关重要。 Oracle Flashback Technology也是文档重点介绍的一部分，它允许用户回滚到过去的某个时间点，提供了强大的数据恢复能力。用户管理备份和恢复的概念也被深入剖析，DBA可以理解如何结合RMAN与自定义脚本或第三方工具来实现更灵活的数据保护方案。在版权方面，Oracle保留所有权利，只有在许可协议允许或法律允许的情况下，用户才能使用、复制、翻译、广播、修改、授权或分发这些软件和文档。该文档是由多位经验丰富的Oracle专家共同编撰，包括Lance Ashdown等，他们贡献了各自的专业知识，确保了内容的权威性和实用性。 Oracle Database Backup and Recovery User's Guide (11g Release 2) 是任何想要深入了解Oracle数据库备份与恢复机制的DBA必备的学习资料，它不仅提供了技术细节，还涵盖了最佳实践和实用案例，帮助DBA在实际环境中有效地管理和保护数据。

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Part VIII Performing User-Managed Backup and Recovery

28 Making User-Managed Database Backups

Querying V$ Views to Obtain Backup Information ...................................................................... 28-1

Listing Database Files Before a Backup ....................................................................................... 28-1

Determining Data File Status for Online Tablespace Backups................................................. 28-2

Making User-Managed Backups of the Whole Database.............................................................. 28-3

Making User-Managed Backups of Tablespaces and Data Files................................................. 28-4

Making User-Managed Backups of Offline Tablespaces and Data Files ................................ 28-4

Making User-Managed Backups of Online Tablespaces and Data Files................................. 28-5

Making User-Managed Backups of the Control File.................................................................... 28-10

Backing Up the Control File to a Binary File............................................................................. 28-10

Backing Up the Control File to a Trace File............................................................................... 28-11

Making User-Managed Backups of Archived Redo Logs ........................................................... 28-11

Making User-Managed Backups in SUSPEND Mode ................................................................. 28-11

About the Suspend/Resume Feature......................................................................................... 28-12

Making Backups in a Suspended Database............................................................................... 28-12

Making User-Managed Backups to Raw Devices......................................................................... 28-14

Backing Up to Raw Devices on Linux and UNIX..................................................................... 28-14

Backing Up to Raw Devices on Windows................................................................................. 28-16

Making Backups with the Volume Shadow Copy Service (VSS) ............................................. 28-17

Verifying User-Managed Data File Backups ................................................................................. 28-17

Testing the Restoration of Data File Backups ........................................................................... 28-17

Running the DBVERIFY Utility .................................................................................................. 28-17

29 Performing User-Managed Database Flashback and Recovery

Performing Flashback Database with SQL*Plus ............................................................................ 29-1

Overview of User-Managed Media Recovery.................................................................................. 29-2

About User-Managed Restore and Recovery.............................................................................. 29-2

Automatic Recovery with the RECOVER Command................................................................ 29-4

Recovery When Archived Logs Are in the Default Location ................................................... 29-5

Recovery When Archived Logs Are in a Nondefault Location................................................ 29-5

Recovery Cancellation.................................................................................................................... 29-6

Parallel Media Recovery ................................................................................................................ 29-7

Performing Complete Database Recovery ....................................................................................... 29-7

Performing Closed Database Recovery ....................................................................................... 29-8

Performing Open Database Recovery........................................................................................ 29-11

Performing Incomplete Database Recovery................................................................................... 29-13

Performing Cancel-Based Incomplete Recovery...................................................................... 29-14

Performing Time-Based or Change-Based Incomplete Recovery.......................................... 29-16

Recovering a Database in NOARCHIVELOG Mode................................................................... 29-16

Troubleshooting Media Recovery.................................................................................................... 29-18

About User-Managed Media Recovery Problems.................................................................... 29-18

Investigating the Media Recovery Problem: Phase 1............................................................... 29-20

Trying to Fix the Recovery Problem Without Corrupting Blocks: Phase 2.......................... 29-20

Deciding Whether to Allow Recovery to Mark as Corrupt Blocks: Phase 3 ........................ 29-22

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Allowing Recovery to Corrupt Blocks: Phase 4........................................................................ 29-23

Performing Trial Recovery........................................................................................................... 29-23

30 Performing User-Managed Recovery: Advanced Scenarios

Responding to the Loss of a Subset of the Current Control Files ............................................... 30-1

Copying a Multiplexed Control File to a Default Location ...................................................... 30-1

Copying a Multiplexed Control File to a Nondefault Location ............................................... 30-2

Recovering After the Loss of All Current Control Files ................................................................ 30-2

Recovering with a Backup Control File in the Default Location ............................................. 30-3

Recovering with a Backup Control File in a Nondefault Location ......................................... 30-4

Recovering Through an Added Data File with a Backup Control File ................................... 30-4

Recovering Read-Only Tablespaces with a Backup Control File............................................. 30-5

Re-Creating a Control File ................................................................................................................... 30-6

Recovering Through a RESETLOGS with a Created Control File........................................... 30-7

Recovery of Read-Only Files with a Re-Created Control File.................................................. 30-8

Re-Creating Data Files When Backups Are Unavailable .............................................................. 30-8

Recovering NOLOGGING Tables and Indexes.............................................................................. 30-9

Recovering Transportable Tablespaces .......................................................................................... 30-10

Recovering After the Loss of Online Redo Log Files................................................................... 30-10

Recovering After Losing a Member of a Multiplexed Online Redo Log Group ................. 30-11

Recovering After Losing All Members of an Online Redo Log Group................................. 30-12

Recovering from a Dropped Table Without Using Flashback Features................................... 30-15

Dropping a Database with SQL*Plus.............................................................................................. 30-16

Glossary

Index

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