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首页"IEEE发布WIFI6 802.11ax协议标准"
"IEEE发布WIFI6 802.11ax协议标准"
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更新于2023-12-29
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WIFI6 802.11ax协议是IEEE关于信息技术和系统间通信的标准的一部分,涵盖了无线局域网(WLAN)的介质访问控制(MAC)和物理层(PHY)规范的修订。这项标准的修订旨在增强无线局域网的高效性能,提升网络的稳定性和吞吐量。IEEE标准802.11ax是LAN/MAN标准委员会制定的,它是IEEE Std 802.11-2020的修订版,旨在为授权用户提供更高效的无线局域网体验。
WIFI6 802.11ax协议的修订版主要着眼于提高WLAN网络的效率。通过引入一系列新的技术和机制,该协议能够在相同的频谱资源下支持更多的用户设备,并且在高密度场景下仍能保持较高的网络性能。其中包括了传输信号调制和编码方案的改进、多用户MIMO技术的应用、基于OFDMA的频谱利用优化等方面的创新。这些技术的融合使得WIFI6 802.11ax协议能够在保障用户体验的同时,满足大规模设备连接的需求。
WIFI6 802.11ax协议的关键亮点之一是其对多用户技术的增强应用。通过利用多用户MIMO和OFDMA技术,该协议能够在同一频段内为多个用户设备提供并行的数据传输,从而提高了频谱的利用效率。在高密度的网络环境中,用户设备之间的干扰往往会导致网络性能的下降,而多用户技术的应用有效地减轻了这一问题,提升了网络的整体吞吐量和稳定性。
除了多用户技术的应用,WIFI6 802.11ax协议还对传输信号调制和编码方案进行了优化。通过采用更高效的调制方式和更健壮的编码算法,该协议能够在保证信号质量的前提下,提高数据传输的速率和稳定性。这一项改进使得WIFI6网络能够更好地应对传输媒介的多样化和复杂化情况,为用户提供更加稳定和无缝的网络连接。
此外,WIFI6 802.11ax协议还引入了基于OFDMA的频谱利用优化技术。通过将频谱划分成多个小的子载波,并分配给不同的用户设备进行数据传输,该技术有效地提高了频谱的利用效率,减少了频谱资源的浪费。在实际的网络部署中,这项技术使得WIFI6网络能够更好地适应不同类型的应用场景,为用户提供更优质的网络体验。
总的来说,WIFI6 802.11ax协议是一项旨在提高WLAN网络效率和性能的重要标准,其融合了多用户技术、传输信号优化和频谱利用优化等多项创新技术。通过这些技术的应用,该协议能够为用户提供更稳定、更高效的无线网络连接,满足大规模设备连接和高密度网络条件下的需求。未来,随着这一标准的推广和应用,WIFI6网络将成为各种场景下的首选无线连接方式,为用户带来更加便捷和可靠的网络体验。
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Copyright © 2021 IEEE. All rights reserved.
10.6.5 Rate selection for Data and Management frames ...................................................... 244
10.6.5.1 Rate selection for non-STBC Beacon and non-STBC PSMP frames...... 244
10.6.5.3 Rate selection for other group addressed Data and Management frames 245
10.6.6 Rate selection for Control frames .............................................................................. 245
10.6.6.1 General rules for rate selection for Control frames ................................. 245
10.6.6.6 Channel Width selection for Control frames ........................................... 245
10.6.10 Modulation classes..................................................................................................... 246
10.6.11 Non-HT basic rate calculation ................................................................................... 247
10.6.12 Channel Width in non-HT and non-HT duplicate PPDUs ........................................ 248
10.6.13 Rate selection constraints for VHT STAs.................................................................. 248
10.6.13.3 Additional rate selection constraints for VHT PPDUs ............................ 248
10.8 HT Control field operation ...................................................................................................... 249
10.9 Control Wrapper operation ...................................................................................................... 251
10.11 A-MSDU operation.................................................................................................................. 251
10.12 A-MPDU operation.................................................................................................................. 252
10.12.1 A-MPDU contents ..................................................................................................... 252
10.12.2 A-MPDU length limit rules ....................................................................................... 252
10.12.3 Minimum MPDU Sstart Sspacing field rules ............................................................ 254
10.12.4 A-MPDU aggregation of group addressed Data frames ............................................ 254
10.12.6 A-MPDU padding for VHT PPDU, HE, or S1G PPDU............................................ 256
10.12.7 Setting the EOF/Tag field of the MPDU delimiter.................................................... 256
10.13 PPDU duration constraint ........................................................................................................ 256
10.15 Low-density parity check code (LDPC) operation .................................................................. 256
10.22 Operation across regulatory domains ...................................................................................... 257
10.22.3 Operation with operating classes ............................................................................... 257
10.22.4 Operation with the Transmit Power Envelope element ............................................. 258
10.23 HCF.......................................................................................................................................... 259
10.23.1 General....................................................................................................................... 259
10.23.2 HCF contention based channel access (EDCA) ........................................................ 259
10.23.2.2 EDCA backoff procedure ........................................................................ 259
10.23.2.4 Obtaining an EDCA TXOP ..................................................................... 260
10.23.2.5 EDCA channel access in a VHT, HE, or TVHT BSS ............................. 261
10.23.2.7 Sharing an EDCA TXOP......................................................................... 262
10.23.2.8 Multiple frame transmission in an EDCA TXOP.................................... 263
10.23.2.9 TXOP limits............................................................................................. 265
10.23.2.10 Truncation of TXOP ................................................................................ 267
10.23.2.11 Termination of TXOP.............................................................................. 267
10.23.2.12 Retransmit procedures ............................................................................. 267
10.23.3 HCF controlled channel access (HCCA) ................................................................... 268
10.23.3.5 HCCA transfer rules ................................................................................ 268
10.25 Block acknowledgment (block ack) ........................................................................................ 268
10.25.2 Setup and modification of the block ack parameters................................................. 268
10.25.5 Selection of BlockAck and BlockAckReq variants................................................... 268
10.25.6 HT-immediate block ack extensions.......................................................................... 269
10.25.6.1 Introduction to HT-immediate block ack extensions............................... 269
10.25.6.3 Scoreboard context control during full-state operation ........................... 270
10.25.6.5 Generation and transmission of BlockAck frames by an HT STA,
DMG STA, or S1G STA.......................................................................... 270
10.25.6.6 Receive reordering buffer control operation............................................ 270
10.25.8 GCR and GLK-GCR block ack ................................................................................. 271
10.25.8.1 Introduction General ................................................................................ 271
10.25.8.4 GCR block ack BlockAckReq and BlockAck frame exchanges ............. 271
10.27 Protection mechanisms ............................................................................................................ 273
10.27.6 Protection rules for HE STAs .................................................................................... 273
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Copyright © 2021 IEEE. All rights reserved.
10.29 Reverse direction protocol ....................................................................................................... 273
10.29.1 General....................................................................................................................... 273
10.29.2 Reverse direction (RD) exchange sequence .............................................................. 273
10.29.3 Rules for RD initiator ................................................................................................ 274
10.29.4 Rules for RD responder ............................................................................................. 275
10.36 Null data PPDU (NDP) sounding ............................................................................................ 276
10.36.6 Transmission of a VHT NDP..................................................................................... 276
10.47 Target wake time (TWT) ......................................................................................................... 276
10.47.1 TWT overview........................................................................................................... 276
10.47.9 TWT parameter ranges .............................................................................................. 280
11. MLME ............................................................................................................................................... 281
11.1 Synchronization ....................................................................................................................... 281
11.1.3 Maintaining synchronization ..................................................................................... 281
11.1.3.8 Multiple BSSID procedure ...................................................................... 281
11.1.4 Acquiring synchronization, scanning ........................................................................ 286
11.1.4.3 Active scanning and probing procedures................................................. 286
11.2 Power management.................................................................................................................. 287
11.2.3 Power management in a non-DMG infrastructure network....................................... 287
11.2.3.2 Non-AP STA power management modes................................................ 287
11.2.3.6 AP operation ............................................................................................ 288
11.2.3.7 Receive operation for STAs in PS mode ................................................. 289
11.2.3.9 STAs operating in active mode................................................................ 290
11.2.3.15 TIM Broadcast ......................................................................................... 290
11.2.6 SM power save........................................................................................................... 291
11.3 STA authentication and association......................................................................................... 293
11.3.3 Frame filtering based on STA state ........................................................................... 293
11.3.5 Association, reassociation, and disassociation .......................................................... 293
11.3.5.3 AP or PCP association receipt procedures............................................... 293
11.3.5.5 AP or PCP reassociation receipt procedures............................................ 293
11.3.8 Neighbor report information upon rejection with suggested BSS transition............. 293
11.4 TS operation............................................................................................................................. 294
11.4.4 TS setup ..................................................................................................................... 294
11.4.4.4 TS setup procedures for both AP and non-AP STA initiation................. 294
11.7 TPC procedures........................................................................................................................ 294
11.7.1 General....................................................................................................................... 294
11.7.2 Association based on transmit power capability........................................................ 294
11.7.3 Peering based on transmit power capability .............................................................. 294
11.7.5 Specification of regulatory and local maximum transmit power levels .................... 295
11.7.6 Transmit power selection........................................................................................... 297
11.10 Radio measurement procedures ...............................................................................................297
11.10.14Multiple BSSID set.................................................................................................... 297
11.20 Tunneled direct-link setup ....................................................................................................... 298
11.20.1 General....................................................................................................................... 298
11.21 Wireless network management procedures ............................................................................. 298
11.21.2 Event request and report procedures.......................................................................... 298
11.21.2.1 Event request and event report................................................................. 298
11.21.2.7 BSS color collision event......................................................................... 298
11.21.2.8 BSS color in use event ............................................................................. 299
11.21.6 Fine timing measurement (FTM) procedure.............................................................. 299
11.21.6.4 Measurement exchange............................................................................ 299
11.21.7 BSS transition management for network load balancing........................................... 299
11.21.7.1 BSS transition capability ......................................................................... 299
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Copyright © 2021 IEEE. All rights reserved.
11.21.7.4 BSS transition management response...................................................... 299
11.21.7.5 Planned ESS............................................................................................. 300
11.31 Multi-band operation ............................................................................................................... 300
11.31.5 On-channel Tunneling (OCT) operation.................................................................... 300
11.45 Fast Initial Link Setup (FILS) procedures ............................................................................... 301
11.45.2 FILS Discovery frame generation and usage............................................................. 301
11.45.2.1 FILS Discovery frame transmission ........................................................ 301
11.49 Reduced neighbor report.......................................................................................................... 302
11.53 Out-of-band discovery of a 6 GHz BSS .................................................................................. 304
12. Security .............................................................................................................................................. 307
12.5 RSNA confidentiality and integrity protocols ......................................................................... 307
12.5.3 CTR with CBC-MAC protocol (CCMP) ................................................................... 307
12.5.3.3 CCMP cryptographic encapsulation ........................................................ 307
12.5.5 GCM protocol (GCMP) ............................................................................................. 307
12.5.5.3 GCMP cryptographic encapsulation........................................................ 307
12.12 Constraints on allowed security parameters ............................................................................ 307
12.12.1 Introduction................................................................................................................ 307
12.12.2 Security constraints in the 6 GHz band ..................................................................... 307
14. MLME mesh procedures ................................................................................................................... 309
14.2 Mesh discovery ........................................................................................................................ 309
14.2.4 Mesh STA configuration ........................................................................................... 309
14.2.7 Candidate peer mesh STA ......................................................................................... 309
18. Extended Rate PHY (ERP) specification........................................................................................... 310
18.2 PHY-specific service parameter list ........................................................................................ 310
26. High-efficiency (HE) MAC specification.......................................................................................... 311
26.1 Introduction.............................................................................................................................. 311
26.2 HE channel access ................................................................................................................... 311
26.2.1 TXOP duration-based RTS/CTS ............................................................................... 311
26.2.2 Intra-BSS and inter-BSS PPDU classification........................................................... 312
26.2.3 SRG PPDU identification .......................................................................................... 313
26.2.4 Updating two NAVs .................................................................................................. 314
26.2.5 Truncation of TXOP .................................................................................................. 315
26.2.6 MU-RTS Trigger/CTS frame exchange procedure ................................................... 316
26.2.6.1 General..................................................................................................... 316
26.2.6.2 MU-RTS Trigger frame transmission...................................................... 317
26.2.6.3 CTS frame response to an MU-RTS Trigger frame ................................ 318
26.2.7 EDCA operation using MU EDCA parameters......................................................... 319
26.2.8 Multiple frame transmission in an EDCA TXOP in the 6 GHz band........................ 321
26.3 Fragmentation and defragmentation ........................................................................................ 321
26.3.1 General....................................................................................................................... 321
26.3.2 Dynamic fragmentation ............................................................................................. 323
26.3.2.1 General..................................................................................................... 323
26.3.2.2 Level 1 dynamic fragmentation ............................................................... 324
26.3.2.3 Level 2 dynamic fragmentation ............................................................... 324
26.3.2.4 Level 3 dynamic fragmentation ............................................................... 324
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Copyright © 2021 IEEE. All rights reserved.
26.3.3 Dynamic defragmentation.......................................................................................... 325
26.3.3.1 General..................................................................................................... 325
26.3.3.2 Level 1 dynamic defragmentation ........................................................... 326
26.3.3.3 Level 2 dynamic defragmentation ........................................................... 326
26.3.3.4 Level 3 dynamic defragmentation ........................................................... 327
26.4 HE acknowledgment procedure............................................................................................... 328
26.4.1 Overview.................................................................................................................... 328
26.4.2 Acknowledgment context in a Multi-STA BlockAck frame ..................................... 330
26.4.3 Negotiation of block ack bitmap lengths ................................................................... 332
26.4.4 Per-PPDU acknowledgment selection rules .............................................................. 333
26.4.4.1 General..................................................................................................... 333
26.4.4.2 Responding to an HE SU PPDU or HE ER SU PPDU with an
SU PPDU ................................................................................................. 333
26.4.4.3 Responding to an HE MU PPDU with an SU PPDU .............................. 334
26.4.4.4 Responding to an HE MU PPDU, HE SU PPDU, or
HE ER SU PPDU with an HE TB PPDU ................................................ 334
26.4.4.5 Responding to an HE TB PPDU with an SU PPDU................................ 335
26.4.4.6 Responding to an HE TB PPDU with an HE MU PPDU........................ 336
26.4.5 HE block acknowledgment request and response rules............................................. 337
26.5 MU operation........................................................................................................................... 338
26.5.1 HE DL MU operation ................................................................................................ 338
26.5.1.1 General..................................................................................................... 338
26.5.1.2 RU addressing in an HE MU PPDU........................................................ 338
26.5.1.3 RU allocation in an HE MU PPDU ......................................................... 340
26.5.2 UL MU operation....................................................................................................... 341
26.5.2.1 General..................................................................................................... 341
26.5.2.2 Rules for soliciting UL MU frames ......................................................... 341
26.5.2.3 Non-AP STA behavior for UL MU operation ......................................... 349
26.5.2.4 A-MPDU contents in an HE TB PPDU................................................... 353
26.5.2.5 UL MU CS mechanism............................................................................ 356
26.5.3 MU cascading sequence............................................................................................. 357
26.5.4 UL OFDMA-based random access (UORA)............................................................. 358
26.5.4.1 General..................................................................................................... 358
26.5.4.2 Eligible RA-RUs...................................................................................... 359
26.5.4.3 Transmission procedure for UORA......................................................... 360
26.5.4.4 Retransmission procedure for UORA...................................................... 362
26.5.4.5 Additional considerations for unassociated STAs ................................... 362
26.5.5 Buffer status report operation .................................................................................... 363
26.5.6 Bandwidth query report operation ............................................................................. 365
26.5.7 NDP feedback report procedure ................................................................................ 366
26.5.7.1 General..................................................................................................... 366
26.5.7.2 STA behavior........................................................................................... 366
26.5.7.3 AP behavior ............................................................................................. 368
26.5.7.4 NDP feedback report for a resource request............................................ 368
26.5.7.5 Power save operation with NDP feedback report procedure ................... 369
26.5.8 Use of TSPEC by HE STAs ...................................................................................... 369
26.5.9 UL MU transmit power capabilities .......................................................................... 369
26.6 A-MPDU operation in an HE PPDU ....................................................................................... 369
26.6.1 General....................................................................................................................... 369
26.6.2 A-MPDU padding in an HE PPDU ........................................................................... 371
26.6.2.1 General..................................................................................................... 371
26.6.2.2 A-MPDU padding in an HE SU PPDU, HE ER SU PPDU, and
HE MU PPDU ......................................................................................... 371
26.6.2.3 A-MPDU padding in an HE TB PPDU ................................................... 371
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Copyright © 2021 IEEE. All rights reserved.
26.6.3 Multi-TID A-MPDU and ack-enabled single-TID A-MPDU ................................... 372
26.6.3.1 General..................................................................................................... 372
26.6.3.2 Ack-enabled single-TID A-MPDU operation.......................................... 374
26.6.3.3 Non-ack-enabled multi-TID A-MPDU operation.................................... 374
26.6.3.4 Ack-enabled multi-TID A-MPDU operation........................................... 374
26.7 HE sounding protocol .............................................................................................................. 375
26.7.1 General....................................................................................................................... 375
26.7.2 HE sounding protocol ................................................................................................ 375
26.7.3 Rules for HE sounding protocol sequences ............................................................... 378
26.7.4 Rules for generating segmented feedback ................................................................. 384
26.7.5 HE sounding NDP transmission ................................................................................ 385
26.8 TWT operation......................................................................................................................... 385
26.8.1 General....................................................................................................................... 385
26.8.2 Individual TWT agreements ...................................................................................... 386
26.8.3 Broadcast TWT operation.......................................................................................... 390
26.8.3.1 General..................................................................................................... 390
26.8.3.2 Rules for TWT scheduling AP................................................................. 392
26.8.3.3 Rules for TWT scheduled STA ............................................................... 396
26.8.4 Use of TWT Information frames ............................................................................... 400
26.8.4.1 General..................................................................................................... 400
26.8.4.2 TWT Information frame exchange for individual TWT.......................... 401
26.8.4.3 TWT Information frame exchange for broadcast TWT........................... 402
26.8.4.4 TWT Information frame exchange for flexible wake time...................... 403
26.8.5 Power save operation during TWT SPs..................................................................... 404
26.8.6 Negotiation of wake TBTT and wake interval .......................................................... 405
26.8.7 HE subchannel selective transmission....................................................................... 407
26.8.7.1 General..................................................................................................... 407
26.8.7.2 SST operation .......................................................................................... 407
26.9 Operating mode indication....................................................................................................... 408
26.9.1 General....................................................................................................................... 408
26.9.2 Receive operating mode (ROM) indication............................................................... 411
26.9.3 Transmit operating mode (TOM) indication ............................................................. 412
26.10 Spatial reuse operation............................................................................................................. 413
26.10.1 General....................................................................................................................... 413
26.10.2 OBSS PD-based spatial reuse operation.................................................................... 414
26.10.2.1 General..................................................................................................... 414
26.10.2.2 General operation with non-SRG OBSS PD level................................... 414
26.10.2.3 General operation with SRG OBSS PD level.......................................... 416
26.10.2.4 Adjustment of OBSS PD and transmit power ......................................... 417
26.10.2.5 OBSS PD SR transmit power restriction period...................................... 420
26.10.2.6 OBSS PD-based spatial reuse backoff procedure.................................... 421
26.10.3 PSR-based spatial reuse operation............................................................................. 422
26.10.3.1 General..................................................................................................... 422
26.10.3.2 PSR-based spatial reuse initiation............................................................ 422
26.10.3.3 PSR-based spatial reuse backoff procedure............................................. 423
26.10.3.4 UL Spatial Reuse subfield of Trigger frame............................................ 423
26.10.3.5 PSRT PPDU transmission requirements.................................................. 424
26.10.3.6 PSRT PPDU reception and response transmission requirements ............ 424
26.10.4 Interaction of OBSS PD and PSR-based spatial reuse .............................................. 424
26.11 Rules for setting some TXVECTOR parameters for PPDUs transmitted by an HE STA....... 425
26.11.1 STA_ID...................................................................................................................... 425
26.11.2 UPLINK_FLAG ........................................................................................................ 426
26.11.3 BEAM_CHANGE ..................................................................................................... 426
26.11.4 BSS_COLOR............................................................................................................. 426
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