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第
27
卷第
12
期
2014
年
12
月
环境科学研究
Researeh
of
Environmental
Seienees
许嘉,
f)~
天如,孪生三辉,寺天津某老年丰十区夏冬季军内与个体暴露
P
.Yl
'5
对比
r
11.
环境科学研究,
2014
,
27(
12) :1403-1410
Vo
l. 27 , No. 12
Dee. ,
2014
XU
Jia ,
'H
Tianru
,Ll
Penghui
,时
α
l.
Comparison
of
residential indoor and personal exposure
to
P
).1
2.5
during summer
and
,
..
-inter
in
an
elderly eommunity
in
Tianjin I J l . Researeh
of
Environmental
仙。
lenee
筒,
2014
,
27(
12) :1403-1410.
天津某老年社区夏冬季室内与个体暴露
PM
2
.
S
对比
许
嘉倪天茹李彭辉韩斌
2
白志鹏
2
*
l
南开大学环境科学与一问♀学院,天津
300071
2
中|叫环境科学研究院,环境墓准与风险评估|叶家重点实验室,北京
100012
摘要:于
2011
年夏季
(6
月
13
8-7
月
2
8)
和冬季(
11
月
30
8-12
月
12
8
)在天津
IIJ
某老年社区采集室内与老年人个体暴
露
PM'5
样品,分析一二苟的质量浓度及化学细分特征结果表明:夏、冬季室内
ρ(PM'5
)分别为(
138
:t
103)
和
(173
:t
136)μg/m'
,
J
在差异显著
(P
<
0.05)
;冬季室内
ρ(
PM
,,)、
ρ(SO/
-
)和
ρ(OC)
显著高于夏季
(P
<
0.05)
,初步推断是由于冬季燃煤取暖排放
的大量颗粒物渗透进入室内所致;冬季室内
ìJ
(如清扫和吸烟)对某此室内
PM'5!'
日分(
Al
、"和心
1)
的贡献较夏季显著对个体
暴露与室内
ρ(PM'5
)的相关性分析发现,一二吝在夏、冬季均显著相天
(P
<
0.05)
在受试老年人时间活动模式墓础上,采用
COD
(分歧系数)评估室内和个体暴露
PM'5
化学
2
日成的相似度,结果显爪,室内与个体暴露
PM'5
的
COD
在夏、冬季分别为
0.34
:t
0.10
和
0.37
:t
O.
12;
冬季受试老年人在交通微环境所处时间较长,致使
COD
大于
0.5
的样本数所占比例较夏季高.室内和老年
人个体暴露
PM'5
的
ρ(OC)
/,
ρ(EC)
在夏、冬季均相近,说明一二苟的碳细分来源相似
关键词:室内
PM'5;
个体暴露
PM'5;
时间活动模式;分歧系数
(COD)
中图分类号
X513
文献标志码
A
文章编号
1001
-
6929(2014)
12
一
1403
-
08
DOI:
10.
13198/j.
issn.
1001-6929.2014.12.03
Comparison of Residential Indoor and Personal Exposure to
PM
2
.
5
during
Summer and Winter
in
an Elderly Community
in
Tianjin
XU
Jia
1
,
NI
Tian-ru
1
,
LI
Peng-hui
1
,
HAN
Bin
2
,
BAI
Zhi-peng
h
1. College of
Environmental
Seienee
and
Engineeri
吨,
Nankai
University ,
Tianjin
300071
, China
2.
State Key Laboratory of
Environmental
Criteria
and
Risk
Assessment
,
Chinese
Aeademy of
Environmental
Seienees
, Beijing
100012
,
China
Abstract:
To investigate the
eharaeteristies
of
residential
indoor
and
personal
exposure
to
PM
, 5 ,
samples
of two types of PM, 5 for elderly
partieipants
were
eollec
扣
d
in
an
elderly eommunity
in
Tianjin
during
summer
(from
June
13
,1.
to
July
2
川)
and
winte
盯
r
(f企、¥
'rom
Nove
凹
m
丑
lb
阳
e
盯
r
30'
1.
to
De
肘
ee
刊
eml
丑
lbel
曰
T
汗
r
1
口
2γ
,1.】丁)
in
2011.
Sub
阳
S
阮耐
e
叫
T
咒
q
时
ntl
片
y
,
e
什
hemi
忙
ea
址
1
eompoω
阳
S
叮叩
it
吐
10
旧
'we
曰
re
anal
片
yze
肘叫
d.
The
re
削
sults
s
址
l
PM'5
was
(138
:t
103)μg/m'
in
summer
and
(173
:t
136)μg/m'
in winter, with signifieant
seasonal
differenees
(P
<
O.
05).
The
indoor
PM
'.5'
SO"'
-
and
0 C
mass
eoneentrations
were signifieantl y
high
旧
in
winter
than
those
in
summ
旧
(
P <
O.
05)
,
due
to
eoal
eombustion
for
巾
mestie
heating
in wint
时
.
The
eont
忧时
n
讪
1m
川
Itio
旧
I
旧
of indoor
sou
盯
e
削
s
to
some of the in
巾
。
r
PM
, 5 eompositions
(Al
, (
泣
,
and
Cd)
were
higher
in winter
than
in
summe
r.
The
mass
eoneentrations
of
personal
exposure
to
PM, 5 were signifieantly eorrelated with those of
i
口
lnc
川
door
PM'5
in
bo
川
th
su
山
l
口
I
阳
I
eoeffiei
町
ent
of
dive
盯
rge
臼
nees
((ι:OD)
was
us
耐
ed
to
eompar
眈
e
the
ehe
凹m
丑
111(;ιa
址
1
eompos
旧
itions
be
时
twe
附
en
indoor
and
personal
exposure
to
PM, 5
based
on
time aetivity
patterns
for elderly
partieipants.
The
results showed
that
the COD of
indoor-personal
exposure PM, 5 was
0.34
:t
O.
10
and
O.
37
:t
O.
12 in
summ
旧
and
winter, respeetively.
The
pereentage
of
indoor-personal
exposure
samples
with COD values over
50
呢)
ln
winter was
higher
than in
summe
r.
The
ratio of
OC/EC
of indoor
PM
, 5 was
similar
with
that
of
personal
exposure
to
PM
, 5
in
both SUmmel
and
winter,
indieating
similar
sourees
of
earbon
materials for indoor
and
personal
exposure
to
PM, 5
收稿日期
2014
-
02
-
18
修订日期:
2014
-09 -16
基金项目:国家ifì:点基础研究发展叶划
(973)
J
Jjj
U (201ICB503801)
作者简介:许嘉
(1986
- )
,女,河
_Il
石家庄人,
earoI3233@
126.
eom
非责任作茬,内在、鹏
(1969
- )
,男,黑龙江齐齐哈尔人,研究员,搏士,
搏导,主t'从半大气气
i
容胶研究,
baizp@
eraes.
org.
en
Key
words:
indoor
PM
, 5;
personal
exposure
to
PM
, 5; time
aetivity
patterns;
eoeffieient of divergenee
(COD)
流行病学研究表明,
PM
25
与人体呼吸系统和心
血管等疾病有关,可导致人群相应疾病患病率或死亡