CarbonData实践与优化:提升入库和查询效率

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"CarbonData_meetup_shenzhen_20181201_v1.1.2" 本文主要探讨了Apache CarbonData在实际业务中的应用与优化,特别是其在华为SmartCare产品大数据平台中的实践。CarbonData是一种高效的大数据存储和分析框架,它与Spark、Presto等计算引擎深度集成,旨在提供快速的查询性能和低资源消耗。 1. **业务介绍与技术选择** - 业务规模:每天处理的数据量超过100TB,且每年增长30%,涉及上百亿条记录和300多个字段。 - 技术需求:需要支持SQL查询,提供交互式查询能力,以及进行大型分析,并且要支持多租户。 - 原有问题:最初采用Impala+Parquet的组合,但存在入库慢、数据倾斜、查询性能不佳等问题。 2. **对CarbonData的优化** - **入库优化**: - 通过增加任务并减少批次,将大数据转化为小数据处理,提升了入库速度。 - 使用CarbonData的压缩和列存储特性,减少了数据的磁盘占用和I/O。 - **查询优化**: - 利用CarbonData的索引机制(包括内置索引、外置索引和分桶索引)优化查询性能,使得查询速度显著提升。 - 利用列存、分区策略,跳过不需要处理的数据,降低资源消耗。 3. **为什么选择CarbonData** - CarbonData作为一种Hadoop原生的列存文件格式,提供了丰富的索引选项,与Spark和Presto等计算引擎深度集成。 - 它扩展了Spark SQL的语法,提供数据管理功能,通过计算引擎优化查询和计算,降低了数据膨胀,提升了性能。 - CarbonData具有良好的可扩展性和易集成性,且足够开放,可以适应不断演化的业务需求。 4. **总体优化效果** - 查询性能:经过优化后,查询性能提升一倍以上。 - 入库性能:提升了2倍,从35MB/s/Node提升至101MB/s/Node。 - 资源效率:端到端I/O减少了40%以上,通过引入Zstd压缩,进一步降低了数据存储的成本。 总结,CarbonData是应对大规模数据分析挑战的有效工具,尤其在提升数据处理速度、降低资源消耗方面表现出色。通过入库和查询的优化,CarbonData在华为SmartCare产品大数据平台中实现了显著的性能提升,满足了业务对快速查询和高效存储的需求。

The OpenStack Foundation supported the creation of this book with plane tickets to Austin, lodging (including one adventurous evening without power after a windstorm), and delicious food. For about USD $10,000, we could collaborate intensively for a week in the same room at the Rackspace Austin office. The authors are all members of the OpenStack Foundation, which you can join. Go to the Foundation web site. We want to acknowledge our excellent host Rackers at Rackspace in Austin: Emma Richards of Rackspace Guest Relations took excellent care of our lunch orders and even set aside a pile of sticky notes that had fallen off the walls. Betsy Hagemeier, a Fanatical Executive Assistant, took care of a room reshuffle and helped us settle in for the week. The Real Estate team at Rackspace in Austin, also known as “The Victors,” were super responsive. Adam Powell in Racker IT supplied us with bandwidth each day and second monitors for those of us needing more screens. On Wednesday night we had a fun happy hour with the Austin OpenStack Meetup group and Racker Katie Schmidt took great care of our group. We also had some excellent input from outside of the room: Tim Bell from CERN gave us feedback on the outline before we started and reviewed it mid-week. Sébastien Han has written excellent blogs and generously gave his permission for re-use. Oisin Feeley read it, made some edits, and provided emailed feedback right when we asked. Inside the book sprint room with us each day was our book sprint facilitator Adam Hyde. Without his tireless support and encouragement, we would have thought a book of this scope was impossible in five days. Adam has proven the book sprint method effectively again and again. He creates both tools and faith in collaborative authoring at www.booksprints.net. We couldn’t have pulled it off without so much supportive help and encouragement.

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