使用Raspberry Pi与Python构建物联网项目

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"《Internet of Things Programming Projects 1st Edition》是关于利用树莓派和Python编程实现物联网(IoT)项目的指南。本书通过一系列实际项目，帮助读者掌握物联网技术，提升技能。" 本书深入浅出地介绍了物联网的潜力，它将传统网络与各种仪器设备相结合，引发了研究人员和技术爱好者的广泛关注。书中首先引导读者了解树莓派，指导如何设置，并快速进入Python编程的学习。通过一个简单的“Hello World”项目，即用闪灯来展示编程成果，读者将初步体验到物联网的乐趣。随着章节的推进，读者会回到模拟指针仪表盛行的时代，学习如何从网络服务获取天气数据并在模拟指针仪表上显示。接着，利用树莓派构建家庭安全系统，提升家居安全性。另一个现代风格的项目则是利用树莓派发送信号给web服务，当有人在门口时，服务会向你发送短信提醒。最后，综合前两个项目的知识，创建一个物联网机器人小车，可以监控不在家时宠物的行为。全书通过这些实践性强的项目，读者不仅能掌握树莓派和Python在物联网中的应用，还能了解到如何让物联网项目独具特色。不论是对于初学者还是有一定基础的开发者，这本书都提供了丰富的知识和实践经验，旨在让你的物联网项目更加出色。在阅读本书的过程中，你将学到： 1. 树莓派的基础知识和设置方法。 2. Python编程语言的基本语法和在物联网项目中的应用。 3. 通过模拟指针仪表显示实时数据的技术。 4. 构建家庭安全系统，包括传感器的使用和数据处理。 5. 使用树莓派与web服务交互，实现远程通知功能。 6. 结合物联网技术设计并构建机器人小车。本书适用于对物联网感兴趣的读者，无论你是电子爱好者、学生还是想要在物联网领域深入发展的专业人士，都能从中受益。通过实践这些项目，你将能够熟练运用树莓派和Python，开发出具有实用价值和创新性的物联网解决方案。

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Preface

The Internet of Things (IoT) promises to unlock the real world the way that the internet

unlocked millions of computers just a few decades ago. First released in 2012, the

Raspberry Pi computer has taken the world by storm. Originally designed to give newer

generations the same excitement to programming that personal computers from the 1980s

did, the Raspberry Pi has gone on to be a staple of millions of makers everywhere.

In 1991, Guido van Rossum introduced the world to the Python programming language.

Python is a terse language and was designed for code readability. Python programs tend to

require fewer lines of code than other programming languages. Python is a scalable

language that can be used for anything from the simplest programs to massive large-scale

projects.

In this book, we will unleash the power of Raspberry Pi and Python to create exciting IoT

projects.

The first part of the book introduces the reader to the amazing Raspberry Pi. We will learn

how to set it up and jump right into Python programming. We will start our foray into real-

world computing by creating the "Hello World" app for physical computing, the flashing

LED.

Our first project takes us back to an age when analog needle meters ruled the world of data

display. Think back to those old analog multimeters and endless old sci-fi movies where

information was controlled and displayed with buttons and big flashing lights. In our

project, we will retrieve weather data from a web service and display it on an analog needle

meter. We will accomplish this using a servo motor connected to our Raspberry Pi through

the GPIO.

Home security systems are pretty much ubiquitous in modern life. Entire industries and

careers are based on the installation and monitoring of them. Did you know that you could

easily create your own home security system? In our second project, we do just that, as we

build a home security system using Raspberry Pi as a web server to display it.

The humble doorbell has been with us since 1831. In our third project, we will give it a 21st

century twist and have our Raspberry Pi send a signal to a web service that will text us

when someone is at the door.

Preface

[ 2 ]

In our final project, we take what we've learned from our previous two projects and create

an IoT robot car we call T.A.R.A.S (This Amazing Raspberry-Pi Automated Security Agent).

In years to come, driverless cars will become the rule instead of the exception, and ways of

controlling these cars will be needed. This final project gives the reader insight and

knowledge into how someone would go about controlling cars devoid of a human driver.

Who this book is for

This book is geared toward those who have had some sort of exposure to programming

and are interested in learning about the IoT. Knowledge of the Python programming

language would be a definite asset. An understanding of, or a keen interest in, object-

oriented programming will serve the reader well with the coding examples used in the

book.

What this book covers

Chapter 1, Installing Raspbian on the Raspberry Pi, sets us off on our Raspberry Pi IoT

journey by installing the Raspbian OS on our Raspberry Pi. We will then take a look at

some of the programs that come pre-installed with Raspbian.

Chapter 2, Writing Python Programs Using Raspberry Pi, covers how Windows, macOS, and

Linux are operating systems that are familiar to developers. Many a book on developing

the Raspberry Pi involves using one of these operating systems and accessing the

Raspberry Pi remotely. We will take a different approach in this book. We will use our

Raspberry Pi as a development machine. In this chapter, we will get our feet wet with using

the Raspberry Pi as a development machine.

Chapter 3, Using the GPIO to Connect to the Outside World, explains how, if the Raspberry Pi

was just a $35 computer, that would be enough for many of us. However, the real power

behind the Raspberry Pi is the ability of the developer to access the outside world through

the use of the General Purpose Input Output (GPIO) pins. In this chapter, we will delve

into the GPIO and start to connect the Raspberry Pi to the real world. We will create a

Morse code generator for our project using an outside LED and then use this generator to

blink out simulated weather information.

Chapter 4, Subscribing to Web Services, explores a few web services offered by some of the

biggest companies in the world. Our project will use the virtual version of the Raspberry Pi

Sense HAT as a ticker to display current weather information from the Yahoo! Weather

web service.

Preface

[ 3 ]

Chapter 5, Controlling a Servo with Python, introduces the concept of creating an analog

meter needle using a servo motor connected to the Raspberry Pi.

Chapter 6, Working with the Servo Control Code to Control an Analog Device, continues the

theme of working with servo motors as we build our first real IoT device, a weather

dashboard. Not only will this weather dashboard feature an analog needle; it will use the

needle to point to a picture of a suggested wardrobe based on the weather conditions.

Chapter 7, Setting Up a Raspberry Pi Web Server, goes into how to install and configure the

web framework CherryPy. We will conclude the chapter by building a local website that

displays weather information.

Chapter 8, Reading Raspberry Pi GPIO Sensor Data Using Python, covers how to read the

state of a button before moving on to a PIR sensor and distance sensor. We will conclude

the chapter by building simple alarm systems.

Chapter 9, Building a Home Security Dashboard, explains how to build a home security

dashboard using the Raspberry Pi as a web server serving up HTML content containing

sensory data collected from the GPIO.

Chapter 10, Publishing to Web Services, goes into how to measure room temperature and

humidity and publish these values to the web through the use of an IoT dashboard. We will

also set up and run a text messaging alert using the service Twilio.

Chapter 11, Creating a Doorbell Button Using Bluetooth, turns our focus to using Bluetooth in

this chapter. Bluetooth is a wireless technology that allows for transmission of data over

short distances. For our project we will explore the BlueDot app from the Android Play

Store. We will use this app to build a simple Bluetooth connected doorbell.

Chapter 12, Enhancing Our IoT Doorbell, will take the simple doorbell we created in Chapter

11, Creating a Doorbell Button Using Bluetooth, and turn it into an IoT doorbell using the

knowledge we learned in Chapter 10, Publishing to Web Services.

Chapter 13, Introducing the Raspberry Pi Robot Car, starts us off on our journey into the IoT

robot car by introducing This Amazing Raspberry-Pi Automated Security Agent

(T.A.R.A.S). This chapter will begin by outlining the components we need to build

T.A.R.A.S and then we will proceed to putting it all together.

Chapter 14, Controlling the Robot Car Using Python, goes into how to write Python code for

our robot car. We will utilize the GPIO Zero library to make the car wheels move forward,

move the servo motors holding the camera, and light up the LEDs at the back of the robot

car.

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tlforest

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