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首页sas 宏编程详解---SAS.9.1.Macro.Language.Reference.Apr.2004
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SAS
®
9.1
Macro Language
Reference
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The correct bibliographic citation for this manual is as follows: SAS Institute Inc. 2004.
SAS
®
9.1 Macro Language: Reference. Cary, NC: SAS Institute Inc.
SAS
®
9.1 Macro Language: Reference
Copyright © 2004, SAS Institute Inc., Cary, NC, USA
ISBN 1-59047-407-4
All rights reserved. Produced in the United States of America. Your use of this e-book
shall be governed by the terms established by the vendor at the time you acquire this
e-book.
U.S. Government Restricted Rights Notice. Use, duplication, or disclosure of this
software and related documentation by the U.S. government is subject to the Agreement
with SAS Institute and the restrictions set forth in FAR 52.227–19 Commercial Computer
Software-Restricted Rights (June 1987).
SAS Institute Inc., SAS Campus Drive, Cary, North Carolina 27513.
1st printing, January 2004
SAS Publishing provides a complete selection of books and electronic products to help
customers use SAS software to its fullest potential. For more information about our
e-books, e-learning products, CDs, and hard-copy books, visit the SAS Publishing Web site
at support.sas.com/pubs or call 1-800-727-3228.
SAS
®
and all other SAS Institute Inc. product or service names are registered trademarks
or trademarks of SAS Institute Inc. in the USA and other countries.
®
indicates USA
registration.
Other brand and product names are registered trademarks or trademarks of their
respective companies.
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Contents
What’s New vii
Overview vii
New Automatic Macro Variable
vii
New Comparison Operators
vii
New SAS System Options
viii
New Macro Statements
viii
New Macro Functions
viii
New Option for the %MACRO Statement
viii
PART 1 Understanding and Using the Macro Facility 1
Chapter 1 Introduction to the Macro Facility 3
Getting Started with the Macro Facility
3
Replacing Text Strings Using Macro Variables
4
Generating SAS Code Using Macros
5
More Advanced Macro Techniques
8
Other Features of the Macro Language
10
Chapter 2 SAS Programs and Macro Processing 11
Introduction to SAS Programs and Macro Processing
11
How SAS Processes Statements without Macro Activity
12
How SAS Processes Statements with Macro Activity
14
Chapter 3 Macro Variables 19
Introduction to Macro Variables
19
Macro Variables Defined by SAS
20
Macro Variables Defined by Users
22
Using Macro Variables
25
Displaying Macro Variable Values
28
Referencing Macro Variables Indirectly
29
Manipulating Macro Variable Values with Macro Functions
30
Chapter 4 Macro Processing 33
Introduction to Macro Processing
33
Defining and Calling Macros
33
How the Macro Processor Compiles a Macro Definition
34
How the Macro Processor Executes a Compiled Macro
36
Summary of Macro Processing 40
Chapter 5 Scopes of Macro Variables 41
Introduction to the Scopes of Macro Variables 41
Global Macro Variables 42
Local Macro Variables 43
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iv
Writing the Contents of Symbol Tables to the SAS Log 45
How Macro Variables Are Assigned and Resolved
45
Examples of Macro Variable Scopes
48
Chapter 6 Macro Expressions 67
Introduction to Macro Expressions
67
Defining Arithmetic and Logical Expressions
68
How the Macro Processor Evaluates Arithmetic Expressions
70
How the Macro Processor Evaluates Logical Expressions
71
Chapter 7 Macro Quoting 75
Introduction to Macro Quoting
75
Deciding When to Use a Macro Quoting Function and Which Function to Use
78
Using the %STR and %NRSTR Functions
80
Using the %BQUOTE and %NRBQUOTE Functions
84
Referring to Already Quoted Variables
85
Deciding How Much Text to Mask with a Macro Quoting Function
85
Using %SUPERQ 86
Summary of Macro Quoting Functions and the Characters They Mask
88
Unquoting Text
89
How Macro Quoting Works
91
Other Functions That Perform Macro Quoting
92
Chapter 8 Interfaces with the Macro Facility 95
Introduction to Interfaces with the Macro Facility
95
DATA Step Interfaces
96
Using SAS Language Functions in the DATA Step and Macro Facility
99
Interfaces with the SQL Procedure
100
Interfaces with the SAS Component Language
101
SAS/CONNECT Interfaces 103
Chapter 9 Storing and Reusing Macros 105
Introduction to Storing and Reusing Macros
105
Saving Macros in an Autocall Library
106
Saving Macros Using the Stored Compiled Macro Facility
108
Chapter 10 Macro Facility Error Messages and Debugging 111
General Macro Debugging Information
111
Troubleshooting Your Macros 113
Debugging Techniques
126
Chapter 11 Writing Efficient and Portable Macros 133
Introduction to Writing Efficient and Portable Macros 133
Keeping Efficiency in Perspective 133
Writing Efficient Macros 134
Writing Portable Macros 140
剩余345页未读,继续阅读
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