创意图解探索:色彩与想象力的艺术旅程

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《创意的形状:插图探索创造力》是一本由格兰特·斯奈德(Grant Snider)创作的图书,他同时是知名的Incidental Comics的创作者。这本书以图文并茂的形式呈现,采用彩色漫画的方式探讨和深入剖析创造性思维的过程与艺术。作者以其独特的视角,将抽象的创意概念转化为生动形象的故事和画面,使读者能够在轻松愉快的阅读体验中提升自己的创新思维。 该书以A11Illustrated Exploration of Creativity为名,旨在带领读者进入一个充满想象力的世界,通过一个个小故事、插图和作者自身的创作过程分享,揭示创造性思维的来源、发展和实践技巧。斯奈德通过讲述自己作品背后的思考和灵感火花,帮助读者理解创新是如何在日常生活中孕育和激发的,鼓励读者勇于尝试、表达自我。 书中包含的部分篇章如"The Conspiracy of Colors"、"The Creative Process"等,不仅展示了作者对色彩、创意流程以及设计原则的理解,还涉及到了诸如生活绘画、早起练习、无压力创作等实用建议,让读者能够从中找到启发,提升自己的创新能力和解决问题的能力。 编辑团队由查尔斯·科赫曼、帕梅拉·诺塔拉托尼奥、詹姆斯·阿姆斯特朗和艾莉森·格维伊斯等专业人士组成,确保了书籍的专业性和高质量。版权信息表明,这本书的部分内容曾发表在Southampton Review、The Kansas City Star等出版物和网站上,部分章节首次集结成书,提供了更全面的创意洞察。 《The shape of ideas:an illustrated exploration of creativity》是一本集教育性、启发性和娱乐性于一体的创意指南,适合任何希望拓展思维边界、挖掘内在创意潜力的读者,无论是专业设计师、学生还是普通爱好者,都能在其中找到灵感和成长的养分。

Rab GTPases serve as master regulators of membrane trafficking. They can be activated by guanine nucleotide exchange factors (GEF) and be inactivated by GTPase-activating proteins (GAPs). The roles of some GAPs have been explored in Saccharomyces cerevisiae, but are largely unknown in filamentous fungi. Here, we investigated the role of GAP Gyp3 gene, an ortholog of S. cerevisiae Gyp3, in an entomopathogenic fungus, Metarhizium acridum. We found that MaGyp3 is mainly localized to the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) of vegetative hyphae, nuclei of mature conidia, and both ER and nuclei in invasive hyphae. Lack of MaGyp3 caused a decreased tolerance to hyperosmotic stress, heat-shock and UV-B radiation. Moreover, the ΔMaGyp3 mutant showed a significantly decreased pathogenicity owing to delayed germination, reduced appressorium-mediated penetration and impaired invasive growth. Loss of MaGyp3 also caused impaired fungal growth, advanced conidiation and defects in utilization of carbon and nitrogen sources, while overexpression of MaGyp3 exhibited delayed conidiation on nutrient-rich medium and conidiation pattern shift from microcycle conidiation to normal conidiation on nutrient-limited medium. Mavib-1, a tanscription factor invloved in conidiation by affecting nutrient utilizaiton, can directly bind to the promoter of MaGyp3. ΔMaGyp3 and ΔMavib-1 mutants shared similar phenotypes, and overexpression mutants of MaGyp3 and Mavib-1 (Mavib-1-OE) exhibited similar phenotypes in growth, conidiation and pathogenicity. Reintroduction of the Magyp3 driven by strong promoter gpd in ΔMavib-1 mutant recovered the defects in growth and conidiation for dysfunction of Mavib1. Taken together, our findings uncovered the role of GAP3 in a filamentous pathogenic fungus and and illustrated the upstream regulatory mechanism by direct interaction with Mavib-1.请用nature杂志的风格润色成学术论文的形式。

2023-02-10 上传

翻译This SiO2 shell is a key component in the mechanism for reversible actuation, as illustrated by finite element analysis (FEA) in Fig. 1C. An increase in temperature transforms the SMA (nitinol) from the martensitic to the austenitic phase, causing the 3D structure to flatten into a 2D shape. The responses of the SMA elements at the joints act as driving forces to deform the PI skeleton. This process also elastically deforms the SiO2 shell, resulting in a counter force that limits the magnitude of the deformation. The change in shape ceases when the forces from the shell balance those from the joints (right frame in Fig. 1C). Upon a reduction in temperature, the SMA changes from the austenitic back to the martensitic phase, thereby reducing the force produced by the SMA at the joints to zero. The elastic forces associated with the shell then push the entire system back to the original 3D geometry (left frame in Fig. 1C). Figure S3A simulates the moments generated by the SMA and the SiO2 shell. In the FEA model, the SiO2 shell appears on both the outer and inner surfaces of the 3D robot, consistent with experiments (fig. S3B). Although a single layer of the SiO2 shell at the outer or inner surface can also provide restoring force, the double-layer shell structure follows naturally from the conformal deposition process. This actuation scheme allows for reversible shape transformations using a one-way shape memory material. Without the shell, the structure only supports a single change in shape, from 3D to 2D, as illustrated in fig. S3C. Figure 1D shows optical images of a freestanding 3D peekytoe crab on the edge of a coin, highlighting the preserved 3D geometry enabled by the SiO2 shell after release from the elastomer substrate. Other 3D structures in geometries that resemble baskets, circular helices, and double-floor helices also exhibit high shape storage ratios (>85%) after cycles of heating and cooling (fig. S4). This ratio (s) is defined as s = 1 − |L1 − L0|/L0 × 100%, where L0 and L1 are the distances between the bonding sites at both ends at the initial stage and subsequent stages, respectively

2023-06-13 上传