从基础到精通:ROS机器人编程高级指南

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"《Mastering ROS for Robotics Programming》是一本深度指南,专为已经具备基础ROS知识的读者设计,旨在帮助读者在机器人领域深入理解和掌握Robot Operating System(ROS)。本书适合那些希望在设计、构建和模拟复杂机器人模型,以及将机器人与实际硬件接口的工作中提升技能的专业人士,尤其是机器人工程师。 ROS是现代机器人技术中的核心组件,它提供了一个模块化的平台,使得开发者可以轻松地实现功能模块化,加快开发速度。本书从基础章节开始,对ROS的基本概念进行回顾,确保初学者能够快速熟悉环境。然而,重点在于深入探讨高级概念,如ROS Navigation Stack(导航栈),ROS MoveIt!(机器人运动规划工具),ROS插件,nodelets(轻量级节点)和控制器设计等。此外,ROS Industrial也得到了特别关注,这是针对工业级应用的ROS扩展,支持更高效、精确的生产环境集成。 通过本书,读者将学会如何利用ROS的“即用即得”特性来构建复杂的机器人系统,并能够运用互动示例来实践和优化他们的技能。作者Lentin Joseph以其丰富的经验,确保了书中信息的准确性和实用性,尽管如此,读者应理解书中的内容并非无懈可击,所有信息仅在获得出版社的书面许可下才能复制或传播。 《Mastering ROS for Robotics Programming》不仅适合经验丰富的开发人员寻求更高级的ROS技术,也适合那些希望巩固基础知识并在专业领域深化学习的读者。通过阅读这本书,读者将能全面了解ROS如何在现代机器人工程中发挥关键作用,以及如何利用其强大的功能构建出高效且可靠的机器人解决方案。"
2019-05-09 上传
Effective Robotics Programming with ROS, Third Edition gives you a comprehensive review of ROS, the Robot Operating System framework, which is used nowadays by hundreds of research groups and companies in the robotics industry. More importantly, ROS is also the painless entry point to robotics for nonprofessionals and students. This book will guide you through the installation process of ROS, and soon enough, you will be playing with the basic tools and understanding the different elements of the framework. The content of the book can be followed without any special devices, and each chapter comes with a series of source code examples and tutorials that you can run on your own computer. This is the only thing you need to follow the book. However, we also show you how to work with hardware so that you can connect your algorithms with the real world. Special care has been taken in choosing devices that are affordable for amateur users, but at the same time, the most typical sensors or actuators in robotics research are covered. Finally, the potential of ROS is illustrated with the ability to work with whole robots in a real or simulated environment. You will learn how to create your own robot and integrate it with a simulation by using the Gazebo simulator. From here, you will have the chance to explore the different aspects of creating a robot, such as perceiving the world using computer vision or point cloud analysis, navigating through the environment using the powerful navigation stack, and even being able to control robotic arms to interact with your surroundings using the MoveIt! package. By the end of the book, it is our hope that you will have a thorough understanding of the endless possibilities that ROS gives you when developing robotic systems.What this book covers Chapter 1, Getting Started with ROS, shows the easiest way you must follow in order to have a working installation of ROS. You will see how to install ROS on different platforms, and you will use ROS Kinetic throughout the rest of the book. This chapter describes how to make an installation from Debian packages, compile the sources, and make installations in virtual machines, Docker, and ARM CPU. Chapter 2, ROS Architecture and Concepts, is concerned with the concepts and tools provided by the ROS framework. We will introduce you to nodes, topics, and services, and you will also learn how to use them. Through a series of examples, we will illustrate how to debug a node and visualize the messages published through a topic. Chapter 3, Visualization and Debugging Tools, goes a step further in order to show you powerful tools to debug your nodes and visualize the information that goes through the node's graph along with the topics. ROS provides a logging API that allows you to diagnose node problems easily. In fact, we will see some powerful graphical tools, such as rqt_console and rqt_graph, as well as visualization interfaces, such as rqt_plot and rviz. Finally, this chapter explains how to record and play back messages using rosbag and rqt_bag. Chapter 4, 3D Modeling and Simulation, constitutes one of the first steps in order to implement your own robot in ROS. It shows you how to model a robot from scratch and run it in simulation using the Gazebo simulator. You will simulate sensors, such as cameras and laser range sensors. This will later allow you to use the whole navigation stack provided by ROS and other tools. Chapter 5, The Navigation Stack – Robot Setups, is the first of two chapters concerned with the ROS navigation stack. This chapter describes how to configure your robot so that it can be used with the navigation stack. In the same way, the stack is explained, along with several examples. Chapter 6, The Navigation Stack – Beyond Setups, continues the discussion of the previous chapter by showing how we can effectively make our robot navigate autonomously. It will use the navigation stack intensively for that. This chapter shows the great potential of ROS using the Gazebo simulator and RViz to create a virtual environment in which we can build a map, localize our robot, and do path planning with obstacle avoidance. Chapter 7, Manipulation with MoveIt!, is a set of tools for mobile manipulation in ROS. This chapter contains the documentation that you need to install this package. The chapter also contains example demonstrations with robotic arms that use MoveIt! for manipulation tasks, such as grasping, picking and placing, or simple motion planning with inverse kinematics. Chapter 8, Using Sensors and Actuators with ROS, literally connects ROS with the real world. This chapter goes through a number of common sensors and actuators that are supported inROS, such as range lasers, servo motors, cameras, RGB-D sensors, and GPS. Moreover, we explain how to use embedded systems with microcontrollers, similar to the widely known Arduino boards. Chapter 9, Computer Vision, shows the support for cameras and computer vision tasks in ROS. This chapter starts with drivers available for FireWire and USB cameras so that you can connect them to your computer and capture images. You will then be able to calibrate your camera using the ROS calibration tools. Later, you will be able to use the image pipeline, which is explained in detail. Then, you will see how to use several APIs for vision and integrate OpenCV. Finally, the installation and usage of a visual odometry software is described. Chapter 10, Point Clouds, shows how to use Point Cloud Library in your ROS nodes. This chapter starts with the basics utilities, such as read or write a PCL snippet and the conversions needed to publish or subscribe to these messages. Then, you will create a pipeline with different nodes to process 3D data, and you will downsample, filter, and search for features using