ZigBee无线网络与收发器技术详解

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"Newnes.ZigBee.Wireless.Networks.and.Transceivers.Sep.2008.eBook-DDU" 《ZigBee无线网络与收发器》是一本专著，由Shahin Farahani撰写，由Newnes（Elsevier的印记）出版。这本书针对Zigbee技术，被誉为Zigbee领域的神书，对于想要深入理解和应用Zigbee技术的读者来说是必备读物。虽然描述中提到国内的相关书籍可能只需要简单浏览，但该书作为外文原版，可能提供了更详尽和深入的见解。 Zigbee是一种基于IEEE 802.15.4标准的低功耗、短距离无线通信技术，主要用于物联网(IoT)中的传感器网络和设备间的通信。它设计用于低复杂度、低数据速率、低成本的设备，尤其适合家庭自动化、医疗保健、工业控制等领域。Zigbee网络可以支持星形、网状和树形等多种网络拓扑结构，能够实现设备间的自组织和自愈功能。本书可能涵盖了以下关键知识点： 1. **Zigbee基础**：介绍Zigbee标准的基本概念，包括物理层(PHY)和媒体访问控制层(MAC)，以及它们如何协同工作来实现可靠的数据传输。 2. **网络架构**：详细解释Zigbee网络的构建，包括协调器、路由器和终端设备的角色，以及网络的建立、维护和扩展。 3. **安全性**：探讨Zigbee网络的安全特性，如加密、身份验证和隐私保护，以防止未授权访问和数据篡改。 4. **应用层协议**：讨论Zigbee应用框架，包括Zigbee设备对象(ZDO)、应用支持子层(APS)以及各种应用规范，如Zigbee Home Automation (ZHA)和Zigbee Light Link (ZLL)。 5. **设备开发**：提供关于如何设计和开发Zigbee设备的指导，包括硬件选择、嵌入式软件编程和调试技巧。 6. **无线传输**：分析Zigbee在不同环境下的无线传播特性，以及如何优化传输性能，如抗干扰策略和信道选择。 7. **实际应用案例**：通过具体的案例研究展示Zigbee技术在现实世界中的应用，如智能家居、智能电网和物流追踪等。 8. **调试与故障排除**：提供解决Zigbee网络问题的方法和工具，帮助读者解决在部署和运行Zigbee网络时可能遇到的挑战。 9. **兼容性和互操作性**：讨论Zigbee与其他无线技术（如Wi-Fi、Bluetooth等）的共存和协作，以及如何确保跨厂商设备的互操作性。 10. **微芯片技术**：由于书中部分内容获得了Microchip Technology Incorporated的许可，可能会涉及使用Microchip的Zigbee解决方案，包括其微控制器和无线模块的特性和用法。此书对于想要深入理解Zigbee技术的读者来说，无论是初学者还是专业人士，都是宝贵的资源。它不仅提供了理论知识，还可能包含实践指南和实验示例，帮助读者更好地掌握Zigbee的各个方面。

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Foreword

ZigBee

Wireless Technology is the leading global standard for implementing low-cost,

low-data-rate, short-range wireless networks with extended battery life. The ZigBee

Alliance is an association of companies working together to enable reliable, cost-

effective, low-power, wirelessly networked monitoring and control products based on an

open global standard. The specification documents released by the ZigBee Alliance and

IEEE 802.15 WPAN Working Group are the official sources for implementing ZigBee

and IEEE 802.15.4-based wireless networks. However, these lengthy documents can be

overwhelming for people with time constraints or technical backgrounds that are more

product-focused. Therefore, there is a need for a comprehensive resource that not only

contains the in-depth technical information but also provides high-level overviews of

the fundamentals of ZigBee wireless networking. This book, by Dr. Shahin Farahani,

addresses this need with a concise tutorial on ZigBee technology.

This book provides a complete picture of ZigBee wireless networking, from radio

frequency (RF) and Physical layer (PHY) considerations up to Application layer

development. The book is very well organized and the materials are easy to follow, with

well-balanced coverage of the protocol. In addition, Chapter 3 of this book contains the

frequently used IEEE 802.15.4 and ZigBee tables and frame formats and can act as a

quick reference for these standards.

This book serves as an introduction to IEEE 802.15.4, the ZigBee standard and its

applications. Just as important, the content is sufficiently thorough to provide deep

understanding of the practical considerations of implementing any size ZigBee wireless

network. For example, one of the more interesting potentials for the technology within

the “ intelligent RFID ” space is to allow the ability to estimate the location of objects

or personnel. Chapter 7 of this book is a good introduction to various approaches that

xviii Preface

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the fundamentals of the ZigBee and IEEE 802.15.4 standard are reviewed. Chapter 2 is

brief and provides a number of ZigBee wireless networking examples, including home

automation, consumer electronics, and healthcare.

Chapter 3 is a detailed description of IEEE 802.15.4 and ZigBee protocol layers,

including security features. This chapter acts as a summary of the IEEE 802.15.4 and

ZigBee standard documents. Chapter 3 provides information regarding the 2007 edition

of the ZigBee standard, whenever needed, along with the 2006 edition. Appendix D

summarizes some of the differences between ZigBee-Pro (2007) and ZigBee-2006. If the

level of detail in Chapter 3 exceeds your interest or background, you can skip that chapter

and continue with Chapter 4 as long as you have read Chapter 1.

Basic information regarding transceivers developed for the IEEE 802.15.4 standard is

provided in Chapter 4. An IEEE 802.15.4-compliant transceiver must meet specific

requirements outlined in the standard itself. This chapter helps in understanding these

requirements and in comparing and contrasting performance of various transceivers.

In a wireless sensor network (WSN), the sensor output is an analog signal and must

be converted to digital. The basics of analog-to-digital to converters (ADCs) and their

performance metrics are provided in Chapter 4.

Chapter 5 studies the effect of environment on a ZigBee wireless network. In reality,

the performance of a wireless network can be affected by the environment. Chapter 5

provides a number of techniques that can be used to mitigate performance degradation

due to environment. Range estimation and the methods that can be used to improve

the range are also covered in Chapter 5. The antenna can be designed specifically for

each application scenario and may greatly affect the performance of a wireless node.

Fundamental properties of antennas and some of the basic antenna shapes used in short-

range wireless networks are provided in Chapter 5. Regulatory requirements in North

America, Europe, and Japan are also reviewed in this chapter.

A battery-powered node developed for ZigBee wireless networking may operate for

several years before its battery must be replaced. The expected battery life depends on the

application scenario, and Chapter 6 provides a simple way of calculating the estimated

battery life. Battery life is not only a function of hardware-level performance of each

node but also depends on the operation efficiency of the network. Chapter 6 reviews both

hardware- and network-level battery life extension methods.

One of the applications of short-range wireless networking is estimating the location of

moving objects. Chapter 7 provides a number of methods that can be used for location

Preface xix

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estimation using a ZigBee network. In contrast to a global positioning system (GPS), the

short-range location-estimation methods rely solely on the information gathered locally

from other nearby nodes to estimate the location of a moving object.

ZigBee networks operate in an unlicensed band, shared by many other wireless networks

such as WiFi™ for wireless Internet access. Chapter 8 provides an introduction to a

coexistence mechanism and reviews some of the methods used in IEEE 802.15.4 wireless

networking to increase the robustness of the network to interferences. Chapter 9 reviews

some of alternative short-range wireless networking standards, including IPv6 over IEEE

802.15.4 and WirelessHART™. This book contains five appendices. The summary of

the differences between ZigBee-Pro/2007 and ZigBee-2006 is provided in appendix D.

Appendix E reviews the building blocks inside a transceiver using a tutorial approach.

Appendix E is not a prerequisite for Chapter 4.

Supplements

This book comes with a dedicated Website ( www.LearnZigBee.com ) instead of a

companion CD. The applications of short-range wireless networking are growing and

the associated standards and regulations may change over time. A dedicated Website for

the book allows us to provide up-to-date information to readers even after the book is

published. You can also post questions or comments on the LearnZigBee.com Website.

The content of the Website includes, but is not limited to, the following:

●

A simple spreadsheet (calculator) for range and battery life analysis

●

Links to useful tools and additional materials

●

Links to standard documents, including the latest versions of IEEE 802.15.4 and

ZigBee standards

●

Links to regulatory requirements documents, including FCC and ETSI

●

Links to related datasheets (e.g., IEEE 802.15.4 transceivers)

●

Additional references for short-range wireless networking

The simple spreadsheet (calculator) we mentioned was created based on the materials

discussed in this book. For example, you can use this spreadsheet to calculate the

expected battery life of a node or estimate the range improvement if an external power

amplifier (PA) is added to a node. Although the spreadsheet is simple and

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